PAGE第8頁共8頁課下主題訓練跨文化溝通、包容與合作課時練(一)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①barrier □ ②crisis □③conflict □ ④misunderstand □⑤cultural □ ⑥shock □⑦condemn □ ⑧controversial □⑨collision □ ⑩dilemma □?complicated □ ?embarrass □?difference □ ?communicate □?cooperation □ ?globalization □?exchange □ ?local □?traditional □ ?essential □(二)主題詞匯訓練Ⅰ.選詞填空(有兩詞多余)barrier，crisis，local，shock，collision，dilemma，conflict，cooperation，exchange，traditional1．Hewasfacedwiththedilemmaofwhetherornottoreturntohiscountry.2．Ishookhandsandexchangedafewwordswiththemanager.3．Hehasneverrecoveredfromtheshockofyourbrother'sdeath.4．Hiscarwasincollisionwithamotorbike.5．Lackofconfidenceisapsychologicalbarriertosuccess.6．Thereisaneedforunderstandingandcooperationasweapproachthesummit.7．IntimesofcrisisIknowwhichfriendsIcanturnto.8．Itwasdifficulttounderstandthelocaldialect.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Theorchestraisveryimportantforthecultural(culture)lifeofthecity.2．It'sallverycomplicated(complicate)—butI'lltryandexplain.3．Itcanbeembarrassing(embarrass)forchildrentotellcompletestrangersaboutsuchincidents.4．Therearenosignificantdifferences(different)betweentheeducationsystemsofthetwocountries.5．Doctorsdonotalwayshavegoodcommunication(communicate)skills.6．It'straditional(tradition)inAmericatoeatturkeyonThanksgivingDay.7．Globalization(global)isaphenomenonofthe21stcentury.8．Hismisunderstanding(misunderstand)oflanguagewastheprimarycauseofhisotherproblems.二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2021·荊門期末)ABritishfriendtoldmehecouldn'tunderstandwhyChinesepeopleloveeatingsunflowerseeds(嗑瓜子)asasnacksomuch.“I'vemetalotofolderChineseandmanyhaveacrackintheirfrontteeth;Ibelievethat'sfromcrackingtheseeds，”hesaid.Ihadnevernoticedthehabit,butoncehementionedit,Isuddenlybecamemoreaware.IrealizedthatwheneverI'mwatchingTVortypingareport,Ialwaysstartmindlesslycrackingsunflowerseeds.Myfrienddoesn'tlikesunflowerseeds,and,tohim,itseemsunnecessarytoworksomuchjusttogetonesmallseed.Whenwewereyoung,thewholefamilywouldusuallygettogetherforChineseNewYear.Then,wealllivedclosetooneanother,usuallyinasmallcity,andsometimesevenneighborswouldgodoor-to-dooronChineseNewYear'sEvetocheckoutwhateveryhouseholdwasmaking.Iremembermyparentswouldbeinthekitchencooking.Outinthelivingroom,alargetablewouldalreadybelaidout,completewithfancytablecloth,ready-madedumplingfillings,anddishesfullofcandy,fruitsandsunflowerseeds.Someofthedishesweretobeofferedtoourancestorslater,whileotherswereforneighborsandchildrentoeatbeforetheeveningfeast.Imusthavelearnedhowtocracksunflowerseedsbackthen.Idon'tthinkit'srighttocriticizeone'schoiceinfoodoreatinghabits,nomatterhowstrangetheymayseem.It'snotonlyinChina.WhenIwentabroad,Ifoundpeoplehadallsortsofstrangehabitswhenitcametofood.InDenmark,theyputsaltedredfishonbreadandeatitfordinner,nomatterhowmuchitruinsyourbreath.Theythinkit'sadelicacy(美味佳肴),andit'sconnectedtotheircertainculture.Ithinkit'sawonderfultradition.語篇解讀：本文是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章用中國人喜歡嗑瓜子和丹麥人喜歡吃面包配咸紅魚來證明飲食習慣來自特定的文化。1．Whatdidthewriterbecomeawareof?A．Shehadevertypedareportaboutseeds.B．ShehadvarioussnackswhilewatchingTV.C．Shedamagedherteethbyeatingsunflowerseeds.D．Shehadahabitofcrackingsunflowerseeds.解析：選D細節理解題。根據第二段第一、二句可知，作者意識到自己有嗑瓜子的習慣，故選D。2．WhatdoesthewriterprovebymentioningChineseNewYear?A．Thetraditionsofcelebratingitdisappear.B．Eatingsunflowerseedsisrelatedtoit.C．Thefamiliesgettogetherforit.D．Childrencaneatdeliciousfoodonthatday.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據第四段的內容可知，作者提到春節是為了證明嗑瓜子和春節有關，故選B。3．Thewriter'sattitudetoDenmark'swayofeatingbreadis________.A．neutral(中立的) B．critical(批評的)C．acceptable D．doubtful解析：選C觀點態度題。根據文章最后一句可知，作者認為丹麥人吃面包配咸紅魚是一個很好的傳統；由此可知，作者接受這種吃法，故選C。4．Whatlessoncanwelearnfromthestory?A．Onekindoffooddoesn'tnecessarilysuiteveryone.B．Itisgoodtoformhealthyeatinghabits.C．Eatinghabitscomefromacertainculture.D．Changingyoureatinghabitswillchangeyourlife.解析：選C推理判斷題。根據最后一段中的丹麥人吃面包的習慣可知，這和他們特定的文化有關，正如中國人喜歡嗑瓜子和春節文化有關；由此可知，飲食習慣來自特定的文化，故選C。Ⅱ.完形填空(2021·合肥月考)Americansprefertotryeverywaytohavefun.Forexample,theydrivetheirowncars,someeventow(拖)asmallboataftervehicle.TheystartfromLosAngeles,Californiaundersun,__1__throughfourorfivehundredmilestogotoLaFulin,ColoradotospendweekendswhileChinesepeoplearestill__2__withwork,andhavedinnerathometogetherwithfamiliesatweekendsor__3__timewatchingTV.Thedifferenceismainlyduetoculturalcustomsandtraditions__4__thetwocountries.ItissaidthatChinesepeoplearelivingforothers,whileAmericansarefor__5__.WhenChinesepeoplecometotheUnitedStates,theyfightfor__6__first,andthendesperatelymakemoneyaftertheyarerecognizedbyothers.Itseemsthat,thepurposetoearnmoneyisnottoenjoylife,__7__fortheirfollowinggenerations:sonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren.Chinesepeopleprefertosavemoney__8__emergency,suchasillness.AlthoughChinesepeoplewith__9__intheUnitedStatesdon'tneedtoworryabouttheirownsocialwelfareandhealthinsurance,theyworkstillveryhard,astheyhopethattheycan__10__moremoney.Chinesepeople'sinterestisintheamountonthepassbook(存折),sotheyspend__11__moneyusually.MostofChineseareverythrifty(節約的),andtheyare__12__tospendmoney,butthereareexceptions.Theyarewillingtospendmoneyontheir__13__.ManyChinesepeoplethinkthat,theyendure(容忍)many__14__，sotheywishthattheirchildrencouldlivemuchbetter.Therefore,intheUnitedStateselementaryschools,youcanseethatthosewho__15__thebestclothes,withmorepocketmoneyareChinesestudents.Incontrast,Americanchildrendressverysimply,withjustalittlepocketmoney.__16__Chinese,Americansbelieveinlivingforthemselves.Theydoeverythingfortheirown.__17__，theyearnmoneytoenjoya__18__life,andpursueahigherqualityoflife.Asfortheirownparentsorchildren,theythinkthatparentshavetheirownpensionandsocialwelfare,andchildrenshouldlivea(n)__19__lifewhentheyare18yearsold.Sotheycouldboldlyspendmoneyonthemselves.__20__，Americanssavelittlemoney.Inthestreet,itiseasyforChinesetotakeout300－400dollars,butitishardtosayforAmericans.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。由于中美兩國文化和傳統差異，兩國人民對待錢的態度也非常不同。中國人努力掙錢、存錢，把錢留給下一輩；而美國人掙錢是為了享受更好的生活。1．A.running B．drivingC．going D．walking解析：選B根據上文的“Forexample,theydrivetheirowncars”可知，此處表示“開車”，drive為原詞復現，故選B。2．A.boring B．pleasantC．busy D．angry解析：選C根據句意可知，此處考查短語bebusywithsth.“忙于某事”，故選C。3．A.spend B．takeC．cost D．pay解析：選A根據句意可知，此處考查固定短語spendtime(in)doingsth.“花時間做某事”，故選A。4．A.through B．forC．among D．between解析：選D根據上下文可知，此處是指中國和美國兩個國家之間的(between)文化和習俗，故選D。5．A.themselves B．theirsC．them D．others解析：選A根據空前的“Chinesepeoplearelivingforothers”可知，空處與之相對，表示美國人是為他們自己(themselves)而活。下文的“Americansbelieveinlivingforthemselves”也是提示。故選A。6．A.survival B．remainderC．existence D．material解析：選A當中國人到美國時，他們一開始是努力活下來(survival)，然后在被他人認可后開始拼命掙錢。故選A。7．A.or B．norC．but D．and解析：選C根據句意可知，此處考查固定表達not...but...“不是……而是……”，故選C。8．A.inpossessionof B．onaccountofC．inspiteof D．incaseof解析：選D句意：中國人偏向于掙錢以防(incaseof)突發情況，例如疾病。故選D。9．A.identity B．forceC．fame D．power解析：選A盡管有美國身份(identity)的中國人不用擔心他們的社會福利和醫保，但是他們仍然很努力工作，因為他們希望他們可以存(save)更多錢。故選A。10．A.borrow B．giveC．use D．save解析：選D參見上題解析。11．A.large B．fewC．much D．little解析：選D中國人的興趣在于存折上錢的數量，因此他們平時幾乎不(little)花錢。few只能修飾可數名詞，故選D。12．A.easy B．reluctantC．willing D．happy解析：選B根據上文的“MostofChineseareverythrifty”可知，很多中國人不愿意(reluctant)花錢，故選B。13．A.children B．relativesC．parents D．friends解析：選A根據上文的“fortheirfollowinggenerations:sonsanddaughtersandevengrandchildren”可知，中國的父母愿意把錢花在孩子(children)身上，故選A。14．A.hardships B．problemsC．obsession D．convenience解析：選A根據上下文可知，此處是指很多中國人因為自己吃了苦(hardships)，所以希望孩子不吃苦，故選A。15．A.match B．decorateC．dress D．wear解析：選D在美國的小學，你可以看到那些穿(wear)最好的衣服、有更多零花錢的學生都是中國學生。16．A.Differentfrom B．InterestedinC．Similarto D．Thanksto解析：選A根據上下文可知，此處是把美國人和中國人作對比，故選A。differentfrom“和……不同”。17．A.Otherwise B．HoweverC．Therefore D．Since解析：選C根據句意可知，上下文是因果關系，故選C。therefore“因此”。18．A.better B．wellC．good D．rich解析：選A根據下文的“andpursueahigherqualityoflife”可知，此處應用形容詞比較級，故選A。19．A.single B．independentC．different D．comfortable解析：選B根據文化常識可知，美國人認為孩子在18歲時應該獨立生活，故選B。independent“獨立的”。20．A.Inthatcase B．AsawholeC．Inthisway D．Asaresult解析：選D結合上下文可知，此處與上文是因果關系，故選D。asaresult“因此”。課時練(二)一、主題語基拓展練(一)主題詞匯盤查(已會詞匯，在□內打“√”；欠熟練詞匯，多翻閱識記)①fundamental□②appropriate □③background □ ④cross-cultural □⑤multi-cultural □ ⑥social □⑦follow □ ⑧custom □⑨manner □ ⑩national □?adapt □ ?polite □?behavior □ ?introduce □?friendly □ ?profound □?unique □ ?colorful □?recommend □ ?element □(二)主題詞匯訓練Ⅰ.選詞填空eq\x(background，custom，follow，introduce，unique，recommend)1．Thefirstlectureintroducesstudentstothemaintopicsofthecourse.2．Hedecidedonroastchickenandvegetables,withapplepietofollow.3．Theelectionsaretakingplaceagainstabackgroundofviolence.4．Ihavejustspentaholidaythereandwouldrecommendittoanyone.5．ThisinterestingandcharmingcreatureisuniquetoBorneo.6．Itisthecustominthatcountryforwomentomarryyoung.Ⅱ.單句語法填空1．Thereisafundamental(fundamentally)differencebetweenthetwopointsofview.2．Social(society)eventsandtrainingdaysarearrangedforallthestaff.3．Peoplethinkit'sbadmanners(manner)tostareatothersforalongtime.4．Thesebuildingsarepartofournational(nation)heritage.5．Painfully,Ihaveoverestimatedmyadaptation(adapt)tothisjobtosomedegree.6．Yououghttobeashamedofyourfoolishbehavior(behave)．7．Incritics'eyes,MoYan'sworksaredramaticwithsharplanguagesandcolorful(color)characters.8．Theexchangeofprisonersofwarwasoneofthekeyelements(element)oftheUN'speaceplan.Ⅲ.用本單元詞匯替換/升級加藍詞匯1．Nowthattheproblemhasbeenidentified,appropriateactioncanbetaken.modest2．Bethan'ssisterwasasfriendlyandnaturalastherestofthefamily.outgoing3．Sheisalwayspolitetoheremployees.→Itisalwaysgood_mannersofhertoheremployees.二、主題語篇押題練Ⅰ.閱讀理解(2021·湖南模擬)Theword“sorry”isprobablythemostover-usedwordintheUnitedKingdom:whetherpeoplearesorryabouttheweatherorsorrybecausesomeoneelsehasbumped(撞上)intothem,chancesareanaveragepersonhasmadeatleastoneapologyinthepasthourortwo.TheBritishapologisemorefrequentlythanmembersofothercultures.Butwhy?ThereadinessoftheBritishtoapologiseforsomethingtheyhaven'tdoneisimpressive.InherbookWatchingtheEnglish,socialanthropologistKateFoxdescribesexperimentsinwhichshedeliberatelybumpedintohundredsofpeopleintownsandcitiesacrossEngland.Shealsoencouragedcolleaguestodothesameabroad,forcomparison.Foxfoundthataround80%ofEnglishvictimssaid“sorry”—eventhoughthecollisionswereclearlyFox'sfault.“Possiblypeoplesaiditwithoutevenrealisingit,butcomparedtowhentouristsfromothercountrieswerebumped,thedifferencewasmarked，”Foxwrites.Britishsocietyvaluesthatitsmembersshowrespectwithoutimposing(強加)onsomeoneelse'spersonalspace,andwithoutdrawingattentiontooneself.Asaconsequence,Britishpeoplemaysometimesuse“sorry”inawaythatcanseeminappropriatetooutsiders,includingAmericans.Theremaybesomebenefitstosaying“sorry”，too—suchasfosteringtrust.Interestingly,thatistrueevenwhenpeopleareapologisingnotformistakesthey'vemade,butratherforcircumstancesbeyondtheircontrol.Inonestudy,psychologistWoodBrooksarrangedforanactortoapproach65strangersatatrainstationonarainydayandasktoborrowtheirmobilephone.Inhalfthecases,thestrangerbeganbysaying：“Sorryabouttherain”．Whenhedidthis,47%ofstrangersgavehimtheirmobile,comparedtoonly9%whenhesimplyaskedtoborrowtheirphone.Furtherexperimentsconfirmeditwastheapologyabouttheweatherthatmattered,notthepolitenessoftheopeningsentence.“Bysaying‘I'msorryabouttherain’，theapologiseracknowledgesanunfortunatecircumstance,takesthevictim'sattitudeandexpresses_empathy_forthenegativecircumstance—eventhoughitisoutsideofhisorhercontrol，”saysWoodBrooks.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹相較其他文化，英國人表達“對不起”時具有不同的文化內涵。1．WhydidFoxdeliberatelybumpintopeople?A．Toprovewhatwaswritteninherbook.B．Tocomparetheresultsofherexperiments.C．Toseehowmanypeoplewouldmakeanapology.D．Toseehowmanypeoplewoulddemandanapology.解析：選C細節理解題。根據第四段第一句可知，Fox故意撞人，目的是想了解有多少人會道歉。故選C。2．Whatistheeffectofsayingsorrytopeopleabouttherain?A．Itmakesthembelieveinyou.B．Itmakesthemfeelconfident.C．Ithelpsthemdealwithadifficultsituation.D．Itmakesthemlessworriedabouttheweather.解析：選A推理判斷題。根據第六段第一句“fosteringtrust”和第七段的例子可知，為下雨的事向人們道歉的效果是會贏得人們的相信。故選A。3．Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph?A．Showsinterestin.B．Expressesdoubtsabout.C．Giveshisorheropinionabout.D．Sharesthevictim'sfeelingsabout.解析：選D詞義猜測題。根據畫線部分前的內容可知，通過說“下雨了很抱歉”，道歉者承認了一個不幸的情況，接受了受害者的態度；由此可知，接下來是要表示對受害者的同情。故選D。4．Whatdoesthetextfocuson?A．Socialskills.B．Changesinlanguages.C．Traditionalcustoms.D．Culturaldifferencesinlanguages.解析：選D推理判斷題。通讀全文并結合第一段可知，本文主要介紹相較其他文化，英國人表達“對不起”時具有不同的文化內涵。由此可知，本文主要關注了語言方面的文化差異。故選D。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2021·鄭州模擬)Once,IhadanAmericanfriend.Aftershewentbackhome,Ineverheardfromheragain.Ican'thelpbutwonderiftherecaneverberealfriendshipbetweenWesternersandusChinese.Whatisfriendship？TheOxfordEnglishDictionarysays，“Theemotionsorconductoffriends.”InbothWesternandChineseculture,wehavesimilarproverbswhenitcomestofriendship,suchas“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”__1__Chinesepeoplevaluefriendshiphighly.Asyouknow,Chinesepeopleareknowntobeextremelyhospitableandopen-hearted.__2__However,therearedifferenttypesoffriendshipandtheytreatthemdifferently.OnetypeoffriendinChinaisa“closeacquaintance”whoonlyoccasionallyeatsanddrinksandhangsoutwithyou.IntheWest,theyarecalled“afair-weather(不可共患難的)friend.”Nikkiwasthatkindoffriend.Despiteourlanguagebarrier,wehadalotoffuntogether.__3__Onlyrealfriendscanenteryourinnercircle,whereassistanceandspecialcarearealwaysprovided.__4__Theytendtomakefriendswiththosewhosharethesamevaluesorinterests.Whenforeignfriendofmineasksforfavorsonbehalfofhisorherfriend,Ioftenhavetoclarifywhetherthatpersonisa“closefriend”orjustafriend,andthenIwilldecidehowmuchIwillhelp.__5__Butthedepthofthatfriendshipisdifferent.SohowwillyouknowhowIfeelaboutyou？Well,themomentIstopbeingpolitearoundyou,youaremyrealfriend.A．Theyrefertoanyonetheyknowasa“friend”．B．FriendshipintheWestismostlypursuedforfun.C．However,thereisaculturalgapbetweenthetwosides.D．Ofcourse,WesternersandChinesepeoplecanbegoodfriends.E．Realfriendscansharealloursorrowsanddoubleallourjoys.F．ThesecondtypeoffriendinChinaisa“realfriend”whoispracticallyyourfamily.G．They'lltak