豐臺區2020～2021學年度第二學期綜合練習（二）高三英語筆試本試卷滿分共100分考試時間90分鐘注意事項：1.答題前，考生務必先將答題卡上的學校、年級、班級、姓名、準考證號用黑色字跡簽字筆填寫清楚，并認真核對條形碼上的準考證號、姓名，在答題卡的“條形碼粘貼區”貼好條形碼。2.本次考試所有答題均在答題卡上完成。選擇題必須使用2B鉛筆以正確填涂方式將各小題對應選項涂黑，如需改動，用橡皮擦除干凈后再選涂其它選項。非選擇題必須使用標準黑色字跡簽字筆書寫，要求字體工整、字跡清楚。3.請嚴格按照答題卡上題號在相應答題區內作答，超出答題區域書寫的答案無效，在試卷、草稿紙上答題無效。4.請保持答題卡卡面清潔，不要裝訂、不要折疊、不要破損。第一部分：知識運用（共兩節，30分）第一節完形填空（共10小題；每小題分，共15分）閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。Itwassummer2019inAurora,LanningwasastonishedwhenDamientoldhimhewasnotingbackto___1___.HesatDamiendownandfoundoutwhathisstorywas.HelearnedthatDamienhada___2___inheartandwasinfoster(寄養)carebecausesocialservicescouldn’tfindafosterfamilywillingandabletomeethismedicalneeds.Hewas___3___toleaveschoolandmoveintoahospital.Butthereal___4___wasthatDamienneededatransplantdesperately.Alotoftimesit’s___5___togetatransplantifsomeonedoesn’thaveastablehometoreturntoaftersurgery.“It___6___melikeatonofbricks.Imeanyoujustcan’tsitacrossfromsomebodyyoucareaboutandhearthemsaysomethinglikethatandknowthatyouhaveroomtohelp,”Lanningsaid.That’showLanningbecameafosterparent.He___7___Damieneventhoughhe’dbeenaconfirmedbachelor(單身漢)whodelightedinhischildlessness.Theygotalongsmoothly,althoughDamienrefusedtogettooexcited.“I’mafraidthebubbleswillburstoneday.It’skindofbadthinkingaboutthat,butsomepeopleactuallydothat.Like,they’llbehappywithyouonedayandthenjustkickyououtthenext,”Damiensaid.Lanningtoldhimhe’snotgoinganywhere,___8___Damienbelievesitornot.InthenearlytwoyearssinceCBSNewssharedtheirstory,Damienwasabletogetatransplantandhe’samuch___9___15yearold.“It’slikeadreametrue,”Damiensaid.It’sproofthatsometimes____10____doendhappilyeverafter.1.A.school B.hospital C.munity D.family2.A.failure B.risk C.disease D.change3.A.informed B.forced C.invited D.followed4.A.trouble B.danger C.threat D.fight5.A.hopeful B.unsuitable C.important D.hard6.A.hurt B.hit C.touched D.affected7.A.calledin B.believedin C.gavein D.tookin8.A.whether B.whatever C.wherever D.whenever9.A.politer B.braver C.healthier D.warmer10.A.miracles B.accidents C.fairytales D.surprises【答案】1.A2.C3.B4.A5.D6.B7.D8.A9.C10.C【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，學生達米恩（Damien）有心臟病，被迫離開學校住進醫院，數學老師芬恩·蘭寧（FinnLanning）得知情況后，收養了達米恩，讓達米恩移植手術后呆在自己家里安心修養。【1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：當達米恩告訴蘭寧他不回學校時，他很驚訝。A.school學校；B.hospital醫院；C.munity社區；D.family家庭。由下文的“leaveschoolandmoveintoahospital”可知，達米恩要離開學校住進醫院，說明達米恩不回學校了。故選A項。【2題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：他得知達米安有心臟病，正在寄養中心，因為社會服務機構找不到愿意和能夠滿足他醫療需求的寄養家庭。A.failure失敗；B.risk危險；C.disease疾病；D.change變化。由下文的“Damienneededatransplantdesperately”可知，達米恩急需移植，說明達米恩心臟上有病。故選C項。【3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他被迫離開學校住進醫院。A.informed通知；B.forced迫使；C.invited邀請；D.followed跟隨。由上下文語境可知，達米恩心臟上有病且急需移植手術，是因為身體健康原因才被迫離開學校住進醫院的。故選B項。【4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但真正的問題是達米恩急需移植。A.trouble問題；B.danger危險；C.threat威脅；D.fight斗爭。由下文的“Damienneededatransplantdesperately”可知，生病的達米恩急需移植手術，這才是真正的問題。故選A項。【5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：很多時候，如果一個人術后沒有穩定的家可回，很難接受移植手術。A.hopeful有希望的；B.unsuitable不合適的；C.important重要的；D.hard困難的。由下文的“togetatransplantifsomeonedoesn’thaveastablehometoreturntoaftersurgery”可知，術后沒有穩定的家可回，即沒有穩定的康復環境，那么是很難接受移植手術的。故選D項。【6題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：它像一堆磚頭砸在我身上。A.hurt傷害；B.hit打擊；C.touched觸摸；D.affected影響。由上文語境可知，數學老師蘭寧得知達米恩不回學校時，就很驚訝了，又得知達米恩是因為生病不回學校，且急需移植手術但沒有穩定康復環境，蘭寧更是感到難過心疼，感覺有一堆磚砸在自己身上（暗指難受）。故選B項。【7題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：他收留了達米恩，盡管他是一個堅定的單身漢，對自己沒有孩子感到高興。A.calledin順路拜訪；B.believedin相信；C.gavein投降；D.tookin收留。由上文的“Lanningbecameafosterparent”可知，蘭寧成了達米恩的養父，說明蘭寧收留了達米恩。故選D項。【8題詳解】考查連詞詞義辨析。句意：蘭寧告訴他他哪兒也不去，不管達米恩信不信。A.whether是否，不論；B.whatever無論什么；C.wherever無論哪里；D.whenever無論何時。由上文的“I’mafraidthebubbleswillburstoneday.”，“Like,they’llbehappywithyouonedayandthenjustkickyououtthenext”和“Lanningtoldhimhe’snotgoinganywhere”可知，達米恩認為蘭寧對他的照顧不牢靠，認為蘭寧有一天會把他趕走，說明達米恩不信任蘭寧會一直照顧他，但蘭寧說會一直照顧達米恩，不管他信不信。故選A項。【9題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在哥倫比亞廣播公司新聞臺分享他們的故事后的近兩年里，達米恩成功接受了移植手術，他現在是一個健康得多的15歲孩子。A.politer更禮貌的；B.braver更勇敢的；C.healthier更健康的；D.warmer更溫暖的。由上文的“Damienwasabletogetatransplant”可知，達米恩成功接受了移植手術，病好了，人就會健康得多了。故選C項。【10題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：這就證明了童話故事有時真的會從此幸福地結束。A.miracles奇跡；B.accidents事故；C.fairytales童話；D.surprises驚喜。由上文語境可知，學生達米恩有心臟病，被迫離開學校住進醫院，急需移植手術但沒有穩定的康復環境。數學老師芬恩·蘭寧得知情況后，收養了達米恩，讓達米恩移植手術后呆在自己家里安心修養，兩個毫無親緣關系的人和諧地相處，達米恩成功接受了移植手術，人也健康得多了，這就像童話故事一樣有幸福結局。故選C項。第二節語法填空（共10小題；每小題分，共15分）A閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。LeviStrausswasthefirstmantobeginproducingspecial,strongtrousersforworkingpeople.Hemadethesetrousersfromafabriccalled“denim”—atoughfabric___11___probablycamefromatownnamedNimesinFrance.ManypeoplenowthinktheEnglishword“denim”esfromthe___12___(France)words“deNimes”,whichmeans“fromNimes”.Later,Straussaddedspecialmetalbuttonstothetrouserstomakethemeven___13___(strong)andtheyimmediatelybecameverypopular.【答案】11.that/which12.French13.stronger【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了第一個開始為勞動人民生產特殊、結實的褲子的人——列維·施特勞斯。【11題詳解】考查定語從句關系詞。句意：他用一種叫“牛仔布”的布料做了這條褲子，這種布料很硬，可能來自法國一個叫尼姆的小鎮。此處是定語從句，先行詞是atoughfabric，指物，在從句中作主語，用關系代詞that/which。故填that/which。【12題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：現在很多人認為英語單詞“denim”來自法語單詞“deNimes”，意思是“來自尼姆”。此處用形容詞French（法語的）作定語，修飾名詞words。故填French。【13題詳解】考查比較級。句意：后來，施特勞斯在褲子上加了特殊的金屬紐扣，使褲子更結實，很快就很受歡迎。even修飾形容詞比較級，意為“更……”，用形容詞strong的比較級。故填stronger。B閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空，在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Anemailinvitationisanelectronicmeansofsendinganinvitetoapersonoragroupofpeople___14___(e)toaparticularevent.Itisthetechnologicalversionofsendinganinvitation___15___mail.Mostpeopleturntothismethodbecauseofvariousreasons.Oneofthemiscosteffectiveness.Unlikethe___16___(tradition)invitation,youhavetospendaconsiderableamountofmoneytoprintinvitationsplusanadditionalcosttosendthem.ByusingformalemailinPDF,allyouneedisadigitalgraphicprint,typewrittenwords,andinternettosendtoeveryone.【答案】14.toe15.by16.traditional【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了電子郵件邀請及其優點。【14題詳解】考查動詞不定式。句意：電子郵件邀請是一種向一個人或一群人發送邀請來參加特定活動的電子方式。本句已有系動詞is且無連詞，動詞e用非謂語形式，由句意可知，此處用動詞e的動詞不定式形式（todo）做目的狀語。故填toe。【15題詳解】考查介詞。句意：它是通過郵件發送邀請的技術版本。介詞by+賓語，做方式狀語，bymail（以郵件方式）。故填by。【16題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：與傳統的邀請函不同，打印邀請函需要花費相當多的錢，還要再加上發送邀請函的額外費用。此處用形容詞traditional（傳統的）做定語，修飾名詞invitation。故填traditional。C閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空，在未給提示詞空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。Amongthesummer’stelevisionhitsin2020inChina___17___(be)“SistersWhoMakeWaves”.Theshowinvolved30femalecelebritiesovertheageof30___18___(pete)foraspotinafivememberband.Viewerswatchedthemtrain,performandlivetogether.Fivehundred___19___(woman),pickedatrandom,gottovotefortheirfavourite.WithinthreedaysofitsairinginJune,over300millionwatchedthefirstepisodeonMangoTV,astreamingapp___20___(own)bythestatetelevisionnetworkofHunan,acentralprovince.【答案】17.was18.peting19.women20.owned【解析】【分析】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹2020年中國夏季熱播電視節目之一是《乘風破浪的姐姐》。【17題詳解】考查時態和主謂一致。句意：2020年中國夏季熱播電視節目之一是《乘風破浪的姐姐》。分析句子可知，介詞短語謂語句首，用的倒裝句，主語是“SistersWhoMakeWaves”，為單數，謂語也用單數，時間狀語in2020，可知為一般過去時，故填was。【18題詳解】考查現在分詞。句意：這檔節目中，30位30歲以上的女明星參與了五人樂隊的角逐。分析句子可知，設空處為非謂語動詞作定語，修飾30femalecelebrities，和修飾語之間為主動關系，應用現在分詞，故填peting。【19題詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨機挑選出500名女性，為她們最喜歡的人投票。分析可知，設空處為主語，用名詞，前有Fivehundred修飾，應用名詞的復數形式，故填women。【20題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：芒果電視是湖南省國家電視臺旗下的流媒體應用。分析句子可知，設空處修飾astreamingapp作定語，和astreamingapp之間為被動關系，應用過去分詞，故填owned。第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節，38分）第一節閱讀理解（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。AThankyou.It’smygreathonortobegiventhisaward.YoucannotimaginethatIhavealwaysbeenalatestarter.Yearsago,whenIwas16,Itookanimportantexam—GCE(GeneralCertificateofEducation),whichturnedouttobeafailure.Mydadwasreadingmyreportcardandsawthatmypositioninclasswas29th,butthenumberinclasswas29.ItmeantthatIhadachievedthedistinctionofbeingbottomofmyclass.Iwasn’tlazy,andIwasreallytrying.YoucanpicturehowIfelt.Dadputhishandonmyshoulderandsaid,“Youcanonlydothebestyoucan,butwhateveryoudecidetodo,makesureyouloveit.”Hewasareallysweetguyandagreatman.Iknewhisattempttohidehisdisappointmentwithsomeofhisencouragingwords.Iwasdepressedforaweek,buthisadvicewasawakeupcall.FortunatelyIloveworkingwithmyhands,andIwasgoodattwothings:woodworkandart,andIreallylovedtodrawandpaint.Iwasquitetalented.Dadstronglyencouragedmetogotoartschool,whichinthosedayswasn’ttheobviousplacethatafatherwouldsuggest.SoIgotintoHartlepoolCollegeofArt.Thecollegewasarevelation(出乎意料),thepassionateteachersthere,whowereextremelyinterestedinthestudents,notjusttoleratingthembutactuallyengagingwiththem.Itwasaworldapartfrommyschoolinguntilthen.It’sextraordinarywhatanenthusiasticteachercando,drawingthestudentout,lightingindependence,andencouragingadesignofyourownfuture,ratherthanwaitingforsomethingtohappen.I’mhonoredtohavebeeoneofthesepassionateteachersyearslater.Myteachersinspiredme,andthankstomydad,hereIamtonight.IthinkIshouldmentionallthetalentsIhaveworkedwithovertime,andtomykidsandmywifeGiannina,thankyou.Thankyouforthisgreataward.Ishallfindaveryspecialplaceforit.21.HowdidtheauthorfeelaftertakingGCE?A.Happy. B.Upset. C.Tired. D.Relieved.22.WhatdidHartlepoolCollegeofArtimpresstheauthormost?A.Theteacherswerestrictwithstudents.B.Thestudentssetgoodexamplesforeachother.C.Theteachersinspiredstudents’passionforlearning.D.Thestudentsgotpreparedfortheirlessonsindependently.23.Theauthorgavethisspeechto________.A.sharehiscareerchoiceB.explainhisteachingmethodsC.describehislifeexperienceD.showhisappreciation【答案】21.B22.C23.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇獲獎感言。作者陳述了父親以及哈特爾普爾藝術學院的老師對自己的幫助讓自己有了今天的成就，對他們以及妻子和孩子們表示感謝。21題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段的“Yearsago,whenIwas16,Itookanimportantexam—GCE(GeneralCertificateofEducation),whichturnedouttobeafailure.Mydadwasreadingmyreportcardandsawthatmypositioninclasswas29th,butthenumberinclasswas29.ItmeantthatIhadachievedthedistinctionofbeingbottomofmyclass.(幾年前，當我16歲的時候，我參加了一個重要的考試——GCE(普通教育證書)，結果失敗了。我爸爸看了我的成績單，看到我在班上的位置是29，但是班上的人數是29。這意味著我獲得了全班最后一名的殊榮)”可推斷，作者參加了GCE考試，成績是班里的最后一名，因此推斷，作者是煩惱的。故選B。【22題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第五段的“Thecollegewasarevelation(出乎意料),thepassionateteachersthere,whowereextremelyinterestedinthestudents,notjusttoleratingthembutactuallyengagingwiththem.(這個學院出乎意料，那里充滿熱情的老師，他們對學生非常感興趣，不僅容忍他們，而且真正與他們接觸)”和“It’sextraordinarywhatanenthusiasticteachercando,drawingthestudentout,lightingindependence,andencouragingadesignofyourownfuture,ratherthanwaitingforsomethingtohappen.I’mhonoredtohavebeeoneofthesepassionateteachersyearslater.(一個熱情的老師所做的是非凡的，他們鼓勵學生，點燃獨立，鼓勵設計你自己的未來，而不是等待事情發生。我很榮幸能在幾年后成為這些熱情的教師之一)”可推斷，哈特爾普爾藝術學院給作者留下的最深的印象是老師們激發學生對學習的熱情。故選C。【23題詳解】推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段的“thankstomydad”“tomykidsandmywifeGiannina,thankyou.”以及倒數第一段“Thankyouforthisgreataward.Ishallfindaveryspecialplaceforit.(謝謝你頒發的這個偉大的獎項。我會為它找一個非常特別的地方)”可推斷，作者發表這個演講是為了表示感謝。故選D。BWilliamhadworkedhardtopasstheexamstoenterhighschool.Whenthetermbegan,however,hisfathertoldhimthattherewasnomoneytopayforhisschoolfeesbecauseofthesummerdrought.Still,Williamwantedtolearn.Hemadethevillagelibraryhisschool.Oneday,hefoundabookcalledUsingEnergy.Onthebook’scoverwasapictureofwindmills,tallsteeltowerswithblades(葉片)spinninglikegiantfans.Helearnedthatwind—somethingofwhichhishometownhadplenty—couldproduceelectricity.Hecouldn’thelppicturinghisownwindmillinmind,butcollectingthepartsandtoolsheneededwouldtakemonths.Inajunkyard,hedugthroughpilesofusedmetal,oldcars,andwornouttractors,searchingforanythingthatmighthelphimconstructhismachine.Hemadefourfootlongbladesfromplasticpipe,whichhemeltedoverafire,flattenedout,andhardenedwithbamboopoles.Earningsomemoney,hepaidablacksmithtoattachthepiston(活塞)tothepedalsprocket(踏板鏈輪)ofanoldbicycleframe.Thiswouldbetheaxle(輪軸)ofthewindmill.Whenthewindblew,thespinningbladeswouldturnthebicyclewheelandspinasmalldynamo(發電機),donatedbyhisfriend.Whenhehadcollectedalltheparts,Williambeganputtingthemtogether.Hefixedthebladestothetractorfanhefound,usingwashers(墊圈)he’dmadefrombottlecaps.Nexthepushedthefanontothepistonjointtothebicycleframe.Withthehelpofhistwobestfriends,Williambuilta16foottalltowerfromtrunksoftreesandliftedtheninetypoundwindmilltothetop.Thebigmomentseventuallycame.Heclimbedupthetowerandconnectedtwowiresthatheldasmallbulb.Asthewindwhippedaroundhim,thebladesbegantoturn,slowlyatfirst,thenfasterandfaster.Thelightbulbflickered(閃爍),thenflashedtolife.Thecrowdcheeredfrombelow.“Wachitabwina(welldone)!”William’smachinenowpoweredhishouse.Andthestoryoftheboywho’dbuiltapowergeneratingwindmilltorescuehisfamilyfromthedroughtspreadacrosstheInternet.24.AfterreadingUsingEnergy,whatdidWilliamdecidetodo?A.Makeuseofwind. B.Enterahighschool.C.Buildavillagelibrary. D.Learntosurviveadrought.25.AccordingtoPara.3,whichofthefollowingwordcanbestdescribeWilliam?A.Humorous. B.Determined.C.Cooperative. D.Friendly.26.WhatcanyoulearnaboutWilliam’smachine?A.Itwasbuiltbyvillagers.B.Itworkedatthefirstattempt.C.Ittookhimyearstopleteit.D.Itwasmadefrommetalmaterials.27.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.WindsOfHope B.IdeasWorthSpreadingC.LearningfromExperience D.WindmillsforVillages【答案】24.A25.B26.B27.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了，輟學的威廉不能去學校，他把村圖書館作為他的學校，看到了《使用能量》這本書，他運用從書中所學的知識建造了一個發電風車來幫助他的家人擺脫干旱。【24題詳解】細節理解題。結合上文“威廉看到了《使用能量》這本書后，收集零件建造發電風車”和倒數第二段中的“Asthewindwhippedaroundhim,thebladesbegantoturn,slowlyatfirst,thenfasterandfaster.Thelightbulbflickered(閃爍),thenflashedtolife.”（當風吹來時，刀刃開始慢慢地轉動，然后越來越快。燈泡閃爍，然后閃著生命。），可知威廉讀了《使用能量》之后，決定建造發電風車，利用風來發電，最后成功了。故選A項。【25題詳解】推理判斷題。由第三段中的“Hecouldn’thelppicturinghisownwindmillinmind,butcollectingthepartsandtoolsheneededwouldtakemonths.Inajunkyard,hedugthroughpilesofusedmetal,oldcars,andwornouttractors,searchingforanythingthatmighthelphimconstructhismachine.”（他忍不住想象自己的風車，但收集他需要的零件和工具需要幾個月。在一個垃圾場，他挖了成堆的舊金屬、舊車和破舊的拖拉機，尋找任何能幫助他建造機器的東西。）和第四段中的“Earningsomemoney,hepaidablacksmithtoattachthepiston(活塞)tothepedalsprocket(踏板鏈輪)ofanoldbicycleframe.”（他掙了些錢，付錢給一個鐵匠把活塞裝到舊自行車架上的踏板鏈輪上。），結合上文可知，因為沒錢，威廉輟學，但看了《使用能量》這本書后，他決定建造發電風車，他花了幾個月時間在垃圾場收集需要的零件，又賺錢請人幫忙，最后終于成功建造了發電風車，縱使困難重重，威廉并未放棄，說明他是一個意志堅定的（Determined）人。故選B項。【26題詳解】細節理解題。由倒數第二段中的“Asthewindwhippedaroundhim,thebladesbegantoturn,slowlyatfirst,thenfasterandfaster.Thelightbulbflickered(閃爍),thenflashedtolife.”（當風吹來時，刀刃開始慢慢地轉動，然后越來越快。燈泡閃爍，然后閃著生命。），可知威廉建造的發電風車第一次就成功發電了。故選B項。【27題詳解】主旨大意題。第一段講“因為沒錢，威廉輟學了，但他還想學習”，第二段講“看了《使用能量》這本書后，他決定建造發電風車”，第三四段講“威廉收集建造發電風車的零件和工具”，第五六段講“威廉建造的發電風車成功發電了”，最后一段講“威廉建造的發電風車幫助他的家人擺脫了干旱”，可知文章主要講威廉運用從書中所學的知識建造了一個發電風車，利用風來發電，幫助他的家人擺脫干旱的故事，可以說是風帶來了希望，拯救了他們，A項“希望之風”符合文意。故選A項。CAccordingtostatisticspublishedbytheBPI(BuyingPowerIndex)acoupleofmonthsago,digitalstreaming(流媒體)nowaccountsfor80percentofthemusicconsumptionintheUK.DespitetheincrediblegrowthofonlinestreamingplatformslikeiTunes,AppleMusicandTidaloverthepast15years,amoretraditionalmediumhasalsoseenareturnofinterestandsalesinthemusicindustry.In2020,almostoneinfiveofallalbumspurchasedintheUKisvinyl(黑膠唱片),andithasonceagainbeethemostpopularphysicalmusicalmedium.Withdigitalstreamingsoeasyandconvenient,whyaresomanypeopledrawntotraditionalrecords?Someexpertsclaimthatvinylisaphysicalmediumforexperiencingmusic,somethingtangible(有形的)toholdandown.Formostpeople,havingsomethingtangibleandinteractingwithitgivesdepthtotheexperienceofmusic.Listeningtoanalbumandtouchingitthewaytheartistintendedcanmakethemfeelmoreconnectedtothemusicandtheartist.Recordsarephysicalproductsthatcanbenotonlydisplayedbutalsogifted,shared,tradedandpasseddownthroughgenerations.Soundqualityisanotherhottopic.Alotofmusicloversfeelthattheanaloguesound(模擬聲音)vinyloffersissuperiortomoderndigitalaudio,particularlywithregardstothepressedformatsstreamingplatformsuse.There’samonbeliefthatoldschoolanalogueaudiohasawarmer,fullersoundthandigitisedmusic.Forvinylfollowers,theverydefecttraditionalrecordersoftenhave,suchasthefamiliarcrackle(劈啪作響)whentherecordstarts,bringthemusictolifeinadifferentway.There’saritualisticaspecttovinylthatalotofpeoplearedrawnto,too.Theactofputtingarecordon—carefullyremovingtherecordfromthesleeve,placingitontherecordplayerandgentlydroppingtheneedleontherightgroove(凹槽)—isamoreassiduous(一絲不茍的),mindfulwayofengagingwithmusic.Whenyou’relisteningtovinyl,youcan’ttapabuttonandgoaboutyourdaywhilethestreamingserviceprovideshoursofmusic.Youneedtostayclosetotherecordplayertomovetheneedleandfliptherecordover.It’sclearthatthevinylinterestiswellunderway,andvinylrecordsaretrulymakingaeback.Inanincreasinglydigitalsociety,there’ssomethingtobesaidforanalogueexperiences.Perhapsoneofthegreatthingsaboutbeingaliveinthe21stcenturyisourabilitytohavethebestofbothworlds—thetimelessappealofphysicalrecordsalongsidetheeasyaccesstovastmusiclibrariesthatstreamingoffers.28.WhatarethestatisticspublishedbytheBPIusedtoshow?A.Anincreaseinmusicconsumption.B.Therecoveryofmusicindustry.C.Aebackofaphysicalmedium.D.Theacceptanceofonlinestreaming.29.Accordingtosomeexperts,whydoesvinylinterestmanypeople?A.Itattractspeoplebyitsrealisticfeel.B.Itofferssimpleaccesstodifferentmusic.C.Itsharesanewwaytoenjoymusic.D.Itprovidespeoplewithperfectsoundeffect.30.Theunderlinedword“ritualistic”inPara.4meanssomething______.A.Overlookedbysociety.B.Updatedveryfrequently.C.Performedaspartofaceremony.D.Keptforalongtimewithoutchanging.31.Howdoesthewriterfeelaboutthefuturedevelopmentofmusicmedium?A.Traditionalrecordswillgetunderway.B.Theanalogueexperiencesmaymattermore.C.Vinylsaleswillboomwithtechnologicaladvance.D.Thereshouldbeagoodmixofoldandnew.【答案】28.C29.A30.C31.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了在英國，盡管在線流媒體現在占音樂消費量的80%，但黑膠唱片再次成為最受歡迎的物理音樂媒介。【28題詳解】細節理解題。由第一段中的“DespitetheincrediblegrowthofonlinestreamingplatformslikeiTunes,AppleMusicandTidaloverthepast15years,amoretraditionalmediumhasalsoseenareturnofinterestandsalesinthemusicindustry.In2020,almostoneinfiveofallalbumspurchasedintheUKisvinyl(黑膠唱片),andithasonceagainbeethemostpopularphysicalmusicalmedium.”（盡管iTunes、AppleMusic和Tidal等在線流媒體平臺在過去15年里取得了驚人的增長，但一種更為傳統的媒體在音樂行業中的興趣和銷量也有所回升。2020年，在英國購買的所有專輯中，幾乎五分之一是黑膠唱片,它再次成為最受歡迎的物質音樂媒介。），可知BPI過去公布的統計數字表明：黑膠唱片這種傳統的物質音樂媒介在音樂行業中的興趣和銷量也有所回升，即音樂物理媒介回歸了。故選C項。【29題詳解】細節理解題。由第二段中的“Someexpertsclaimthatvinylisaphysicalmediumforexperiencingmusic,somethingtangible(有形的)toholdandown.Formostpeople,havingsomethingtangibleandinteractingwithitgivesdepthtotheexperienceofmusic.”（一些專家聲稱，黑膠唱片是一種體驗音樂的物質媒介，一種可持有和擁有的有形的東西。對大多數人來說，擁有一些有形的東西并與之互動，可以給音樂帶來深度體驗。），可知專家認為黑膠唱片是一種可持有和擁有的有形的東西，擁有黑膠唱片，黑膠唱片帶來的真實感能給人們在音樂上帶來深度體驗。故選A項。【30題詳解】詞義猜測題。由第四段中的“There’saritualisticaspecttovinylthatalotofpeoplearedrawnto,too.Theactofputtingarecordon—carefullyremovingtherecordfromthesleeve,placingitontherecordplayerandgentlydroppingtheneedleontherightgroove(凹槽)—isamoreassiduous(一絲不茍的),mindfulwayofengagingwithmusic.”（黑膠唱片還有一個ritualistic方面，很多人也被吸引。放唱片的動作——把唱片小心地從唱片套上取下來，放在唱機上，然后輕輕地把唱針放在右邊的凹槽上——是很一絲不茍的,專注于音樂的方式。），可知后文講了放唱片的流程動作（取唱片套——把唱片放在唱機上——撥動唱針），這是放唱片的一系列儀式化動作，ritualistic在此處意為“作為儀式的一部分進行的”。故選C項。【31題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“Perhapsoneofthegreatthingsaboutbeingaliveinthe21stcenturyisourabilitytohavethebestofbothworlds—thetimelessappealofphysicalrecordsalongsidetheeasyaccesstovastmusiclibrariesthatstreamingoffers.”（也許在21世紀活著的一件偉大的事情就是我們能夠擁有兩個世界中最好的東西——物質記錄的永恒吸引力，以及流媒體提供的巨大音樂庫的便捷訪問。），可知作者希望同時擁有音樂物質記錄方式（黑膠唱片）和流媒體音樂，說明作者認為新（流媒體音樂）老（黑膠唱片）應該很好地結合起來。故選D項。DAmedicalcapsulerobotisasmall,oftenpillsizeddevicethatcandoplannedmovementinsidethebodyafterbeingswallowedorsurgicallyinserted.Mostmodelsusewirelesselectronicsormagnetsorabinationofthetwotocontrolthemovementofthecapsule.Suchdeviceshavebeenequippedwithcamerastoallowobservationanddiagnosis,withsensorsthat“feel,”andevenwithmechanicalneedlesthatadministerdrugs.Butinpractice,BiomechatronicsengineerPietroValdastrihasfoundthatdevelopingcapsulemodelsfromscratch(從頭開始)iscostly,timeconsumingandrequiresadvancedskills.“Theproblemwaswehadtodothemfromscratcheverytime,”saidValdastriinaninterview.“Andotherresearchgroupswereredevelopingthosesamemodulesfromscratch,whichdidn’tmakesense.”Sincemostofthecapsuleshavethesamepartsofponents:amicroprocessor,municationsubmodules,anenergysource,sensors,andactuators(致動器),Valdastriandhisteammadethemodularplatforminwhichthepiecesworkinconcertandcanbeinterchangedwithease.TheyalsodevelopedaflexibleboardonwhichtheponentpartsaresnappedinlikeLegos.Theboardcanbefoldedtofitthebodyofthecapsule,downtoabout14mm.Additionally,theypiled(編譯)alibraryofponentsthatdesignerscouldchoosefrom,enablinghundredsofdifferentbinations.Theyarrangeditallinafreeonlinesystem.Designerscantaketheavailabledesignsoradaptthemtotheirspecificneeds.“Insteadofredevelopingallthemodulesfromscratch,peoplewithlimitedtechnologicalexperiencecanuseourmodulestobuildtheirowncapsulerobotsinclinicaluseandfocusontheirinnovation,”Valdastrisaid.Now,theteamhasdesignedacapsuleequippedwithasurgicalcliptostopinternalbleeding.ResearchersatScotland’sRoyalInfirmaryofEdinburghavealsoexpressedinterestinusingthesystemtomakeacrawlingcapsulethattakesimagesofthecolon(結腸).Oneresearchgroup,ledbyprofessorsattheInstituteofDigestiveDiseaseoftheChineseOnelimitationofValdastri’ssystemisthatit’sonlyfordesigningmodels.Researcherscanconfirmtheirhypotheses(假設)anddofirstdesignusingtheplatform,butwillneedtomovetoacustomapproachtodeveloptheircapsulesfurtherandmakethempracticalforclinicaluse.32.Accordingtothepassage,Valdastriandhisteamcreatedtheplatformto________.A.adoptthelatesttechnologiesB.maketheirrobotsdreametrueC.helpbuildspecializedcapsulerobotsD.dopreciserobservationanddiagnosis33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“workinconcert”meaninPara.3?A.Performlive. B.Runindependently.C.Actinacooperativeway. D.Carryonstepbystep.34.Whatcanbelearntfromthepassage?A.Valdastri’ssystemcan’tprovideapletecapsulecreation.B.Themodularplatformismoreusefulthanacustomapproach.C.Thecapsulescanmoveinhuman’sbodyautomatically.D.Itcostsmoretomodulethecapsulesontheboard.【答案】32.C33.D34.A【解析】【分析】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一種醫用膠囊機器人，它的構成和優缺點等。【32題詳解】推理判斷題。由第四段““Insteadofredevelopingallthemodulesfromscratch,peoplewithlimitedtechnologicalexperiencecanuseourmodulestobuildtheirowncapsulerobotsinclinicaluseandfocusontheirinnovation,”Valdastrisaid.”（Valdastri說：“替代從頭開始重新開發所有的模塊，技術經驗有限的人可以利用我們的模塊制造自己的膠囊機器人，用于臨床，并專注于創新。”），可知Valdastri和他的團隊創造這個平臺是為了幫助技術經驗有限的人制造自己的（專用的）膠囊機器人。故選C項。【33題詳解】短語猜測題。由第三段中的“Sincemostofthecapsuleshavethesamepartsofponents:amicroprocessor,municationsubmodules,anenergysource,sensors,andactuators(致動器),Valdastriandhisteammadethemodularplatforminwhichthepiecesworkinconcertandcanbeinterchangedwithease.”（因為大多數膠囊都有相同的部件：微處理器、通信子模塊、能源、傳感器和致動器,Valdastri和他的團隊制作了一個模塊化的平臺，在這個平臺上，部件workinconcert，可以輕松地互換。）和“Additionally,theypiled(編譯)alibraryofponentsthatdesignerscouldchoosefrom,enablinghundredsofdifferentbinations.Theyarrangeditallinafreeonlinesystem.Designerscantaketheavailabledesignsoradaptthemtotheirspecificneeds.”（此外，他們還編譯了設計師可以選擇的組件庫，支持數百種不同的組合。他們把這一切安排在一個免費的在線系統里。），可知Valdastri和他的團隊制作了一個模塊化（意味著系統性）的平臺，在這個模塊化平臺上，設計師可以從免費在線系統上的組件庫中選擇部件，按照模塊，把部件系統性的、一步一步地按照設計或需求進行建模，workinconcert在此處意為“一步一步地進行”。故選D項。【34題詳解】推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“OnelimitationofValdastri’ssystemisthatit’sonlyfordesigningmodels.”（Valdastri的系統的一個局限性是它只用于設計模型。），可知Valdastri的系統只用于設計模型，可得出Valdastri的系統不能提供一個完整的膠囊創建。故選A項。第二節（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。TheCaseforClassicsManyhighschoolersplainwhentheylookatacoursesyllabus(大綱)forChineseandseeliteraryassignmentsthatincludeTheStoryOfTheStoneandotherpiecesofclassicliterature.___35___Buttherearesomegoodreasonswhyreadingtheclassicsisanimportantpartofa21stcenturyeducation.___36___Asstudentsexploretextsthatwerewrittenhundredsofyearsbefore,theypeerthroughawindowintotheworldasitwasinthosedays.Beingabletohearthosevoicesfromthepastisaprivilegeyoungpeopleshouldbegratefultohave.Furthermore,asstudentsexamineclassicworks,theybegintoseethefabricofhistoryfromadifferentperspective.Absorbedwiththeirowndailyactivities,mostteensrarelythinkaboutthefactthathumancivilizationhasbeenaroundforalongtime.___37___Theexperiencesandperspectivesofthosepeoplecanprovideimportantinsightsintothechallengesthatteenagersfacetoday.Thewordingandstylemayhavechanged,buttheunderlyingthemesthatstirtheheart,includinglove,loss,courage,revolution,andhumor,areastruetodayastheywerefortheauthorsoftheseearlyworks.Oneofthemostimportantreasonstostudyclassicliterature,however,istoexpandone’smind.___38__