必修一Unit1高考提能練閱讀理解·組塊專練——練速度(限時：35分鐘)Ⅰ.閱讀理解A(2016·蘭州高三診斷)Yourkidslearnalotfromtheirfriends—thingsyoucan’tteachthem,nomatterhowmuchyouwantto.Probablythemostimportantthingkidslearnishowtohavepeerrelationships.Asaparent,youcan’tdothis,becauseyouandyourchildaren’tequals.Forexample,whenyou’resittingonyourfamilyroomfloorandyourveryyoungchildasksyoutopasshimtheblocks,youprobablyhandthemrightover.Ifyourchildissittingwithapeerandasksthesamething,though,hemightnotgetwhathewants.Tosucceed,yourchildwillneedtolearnstrategiesforgettingwhathewants.Forexample,hemightsimplyyank(猛拉)thetoyoutofhisfriend’shand.Ifhedoesthat,hemaylearnthatit’snotthebestwayofgettingwhathewantsbecauseitleadstofightingandtime-outs.Thesuccessfulchildwilllearnthatheneedstonegotiateatrade,towaitpatiently,ortofindsomethingelseequallyfuntoplaywith.Friendsalsoprovideemotionalsupport,somethingthatispartofthefoundationofhealthyadulthood.Youcan’tbewithyourchildontheelementaryschoolplaygroundoratthehighschooldance.Yourchild’sfriendswillbetheonestostick_up_forher,toincludeheringames,andlater,totellhershelooksgreatevenifherlousyprom(糟糕的舞會)datewandersoffinsteadofdancingwithher.Friendsalsohelpyourchildrenlearn.Friendssolveproblemstogether,imitateeachother,andpassonknowledge.Someexpertsbelievethatthesinglebiggestpredictorofyourchild’ssuccesslaterinlifeisherabilitytomakefriends.Infact,theyclaimit’sevenmoreimportantthanIQandgrades.Thisdoesn’tmeanthatthekidswhoaremostpopularinschooldothebestlateroninlife.Whatmattersisnotthenumberoffriendsachildhasbutratherthequalityoftherelationships.ThisisgoodnewsforthoseofuswhohatetothinkthatpopularityreallyistheHolyGrailofchildhoodandadolescence.Whileit’struethatpopularityhasmanyadvantages,andthatmanypopularkidsreallyarenicepeople—andnotjustthebestdressedorbestlooking—it’sbettertohaveafewgoodfriendsthantohavetheadmirationofthemasses.語篇解讀：本文是一篇議論文。孩子們會從和朋友的相處到許多大人怎么想教都教不會的事，所以真正的好朋友對一個人的成長至關重要。1．BygivingtheexampleinParagraph3,theauthorwantstoshowthat________.A．kidscanlearnhowtodealwiththerelationshipswhentheystaywiththeirpeersB．parentsshouldspendmoresparetimeplayingwiththeirkidsC．kidsshouldlearnhowtobepolitewhentheyasktheirparentsforhelpD．parentscanteachtheirkidshowtobegoodmembersinthemodernsocietyintheirdailylife解析：選A推理判斷題。一般而言，在議論文中，舉例都是為了證明作者的觀點。由此可知，第三段所舉例子是為了證明第二段作者的觀點，即“Probablythemostimportantthingkidslearnishowtohavepeerrelationships.”。故選A。2．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“stickupfor”inthefifthparagraphmean?A．Envy. B．Oppose.C．Support. D．Ignore.解析：選C詞義猜測題。根據本段第一句中的“Friendsalsoprovideemotionalsupport”可知，此處將家長與同齡朋友進行比較是為了說明同齡朋友會給孩子們以情感上的支持。由此可知，畫線詞意為“支持”。故答案選C。3．Intheauthor’sopinion,________ismoreimportantthanbeingpopularforkids.A．gettinghighgradesB．havingsomerealfriendsC．developingagoodhabitD．knowinghowtodressthemselvesup解析：選B細節理解題。根據文章最后三段可知，朋友的質量比朋友的數量、智商、分數和外表都重要。故選B。4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?A．HowtoBridgetheGenerationGapB．WhatItTakestoBeaGoodFriendC．WhyFriendsAreImportantD．HowtoBePopularinSchool解析：選C標題歸納題。文章的中心段是第一段，由此結合全文內容可知，文章主要說明了同齡朋友對孩子成長的重要性。故選C。B(2016·山東省日照市校際聯合檢測)“Friendlydoctorsarebadfortheirpatients’health，”researchershavewarnedasanewstudyrevealedtwothirdsofyoungdoctorsstruggletobetruthfulwithpatientstheylike.Blurring(使……變得模糊不清)thelinesbetweensocialandprofessionalrelationshipscanaffectthelevelofcareofferedandpreventpatientsfrombeinghonestaboutimportantsideeffects.“DoctorsshouldavoidaddingpatientsasfriendsonFacebook,andtheyshouldnothugorallowpatientstocallthembytheirfirstnames，”regulatorshavewarned.“Thosewhobreaktheboundarieswillfacesomepunishment.”Itesasasurveyof338oncologists(腫瘤學家)undertheageof40,finding59percentsaidtheyfounditdifficulttotellthetruthtothosepatientstheylike.Sixtypercentofrespondentssaidifdoctorsfelttooclosetotheirpatients,itcouldpreventthemfrommakingobjectivedecisionsaboutaperson’scare.LesleyFallowfieldofBrightonandSussexMedicalSchoolsaid：“Oncologyisaprofessionthatcanbeenormouslyrewardingbutisfilledwithmanychallenges.Youngoncologistshavetomasterthemeansofdealingwithanxiouspatientswhoarefacingalife-threateningdisease,conveyingthetrueprognosis(預斷),discussingtheplexityofmoderntreatments,andexplainingtheunavailabilityofsomedrugs,thesideeffectsoftreatments,andlikelytreatmentaims.”Butshealsosaid,“Thosedoctorswhohaveenteredtheprofessionintheageof’theInternetworld’aremorelikelytofallvictimtoblurringtheprofessionalboundarieswithpatients.”Shesaid，“Thedifficulty,ifyouhugandkisspatients,ifyouallowthemtocallyoubyyourfirstname,isthatquicklytherelationshipcanbeeconfusingasasocialoneratherthanaprofessionalone.Doctorsbeeconfused,’Ireallylikethesepeople,howcanIbeartotellthemthatthey’regoingtodie？’Theyfinditmoredifficulttobeobjective.”語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。最新研究表明，醫生的態度友善反而對患者的治療不利，因此醫生和患者之間需要保持適當的距離。5．Whyarefriendlydoctorsbadfortheirpatients’health?A．Becausetheydon’tliketocheatpatients.B．Becausetheyarenotgoodattreatingpatients.C．Becausetheyfinditnoteasytobeobjectivetothepatients.D．Becausetheyseldomblurtherelationshipwithpatients.解析：選C細節理解題。根據文章第一段中的“twothirdsofyoungdoctorsstruggletobetruthfulwithpatientstheylike”及最后一段中的“Theyfinditmoredifficulttobeobjective.”可知，三分之二的年輕醫生很難對他們喜歡的病人講實話，他們很難客觀地對待病人，這樣對患者的治療不利，故選C項。6．Whatshoulddoctorsdoaccordingtotheregulators?A．AddpatientsasfriendsonFacebook.B．Haveacloseconnectionwithpatientsinlife.C．Alwaysbecoldtopatients.D．Keeppatientsataproperdistance.解析：選D細節理解題。根據文章的第三段可知，醫生應該避免在臉譜網上添加患者為朋友，他們也不應該擁抱病人或讓病人直呼他們的名字，即醫生應該和病人保持適當的距離，故選D項。7．WhichopinionwillLesleyFallowfieldagreewith?A．Oncologyisarewardingprofessionwithoutchallenges.B．TheInternetmakesiteasierforyoungdoctorstobreaktheboundaries.C．It’snotthedoctors’dutytodealwithpatients’anxiety.D．Beingfriendswithpatientswillhelpthemrecoversoon.解析：選B推理判斷題。根據倒數第二段中的“Thosedoctorswhohaveentered...boundarieswithpatients.”可推知，網絡使得醫生更容易模糊與病人之間的職業分界線，故選B項。8．YoungoncologistswillfacethefollowingchallengesEXCEPT________.A．dealingwithalotoflife-threateningdiseasesB．discussingdifficultiesoftreatmentswithpatientsC．explainingtheunavailabilityofsomemedicinesD．informingpatientsofthepossibleresultsofthetreatments解析：選A細節理解題。根據倒數第三段中的“Youngoncologistshavetomaster...andlikelytreatmentaims.”可知，B、C、D三項表述正確；年輕的腫瘤學家需要掌握如何對待面臨生命威脅的焦慮病人，A項“處理很多威脅生命的疾病”表述錯誤。故選A項。C(2016·華中師大附中高三上學期期中檢測)ChinesefemalescientistTuYouyouwonthe2015NobelPrizeinmedicineonOctober5forherdiscoveriesconcerninganoveltreatmentagainstmalaria(瘧疾).ThisisthefirstNobelPrizegiventoaChinesescientistforworkcarriedoutwithinChina.TusharedtheprizewithIrish-bornWilliamCampbellandSatoshiOmuraofJapan,whowerehonoredfortheirrevolutionaryanti-roundwormtreatment.84-year-oldTuisawardedthisprizeforhercontributiontocuttingthedeathrateofmalaria,reducingpatients’sufferingandpromotingmankind’shealth.Althoughshereceivedseveralmedicalawardsinthepast,the2015NobelPrizeisdefinitelythemostprivilegerewardthatrecognizesTu’sdedicationandperseveranceindiscoveringartemisinin(青蒿素),thekeydrugthatbattlesmalaria-friendlyparasites(寄生蟲).However,herroutetothehonorhasbeenanythingbuttraditional.ShewontheNobelPrizeformedicine,butshedoesn’thaveamedicaldegreeoraPhD.InChina,sheisevenbeingcalledthe“three-noes”winner:nomedicaldegree,nodoctorate,andshe’sneverworkedoverseas.NowonderhersuccesshasstirredChina’snationalprideandhelpedpromoteconfidenceofnativeChinesescientists.ThefactthatTuhasnoneofthesethreebackgroundsremindsusthatscienceshouldbemoreaccessibletoall.Oneshallbeabletobeeascientistnomatterwhatkindofbackgroundheorsheesfrom,aslongasonedivesintoscientificresearch.Therehavebeendiscussionsonpeoplewhoreallylovesciencebutareneverabletoachievemuchduringtheirwholelife.Theircontributionscanneverbeignored.Theyworksohardtoprovethewrongwaysothatthefutureresearcherswillbeclosertotherightone.AsthefirstChinesemainlandNobelPrizeWinnerofnaturalscienceaward,Tu’srecord-breakingwinningalsoservesasaremindertothosewhoaretooeagerforinstantsuccess.Scienceisneveraboutinstantsuccess.Tuspentdecadesonscientificresearchbeforeitsvalueisofficiallyacknowledged.Thereisnowaytomeasurehowmuchonedevotestoscienceandpareitwithhowmuchrewardheorshemayget.語篇解讀：中國女科學家屠呦呦獲得了2015年度諾貝爾醫學獎，作為一名“三無”無醫學學位、無博士學位、無海外經歷獲獎者，她帶給我們很多值得思考的東西。9．Wecanknowfromthetextthat________.A．TuworkedathomeandabroadtoconductherresearchB．TugottheNobelPrizeforheranti-roundwormtreatmentC．theNobelPrizeisthefirstawardtorecognizeherworkD．herdiscoveryofartemisininhashelpedtocutmalariadeathrate解析：選D細節理解題。根據第三段第三句中“she’sneverworkedoverseas”可知A項錯誤；根據第二段第一句可知，進行anti-roundwormtreatment的是愛爾蘭和日本的兩位科學家，故B項錯誤；根據第二段最后一句可知，屠呦呦曾經獲得過幾個醫學獎項，故C項錯誤。根據第二段第二句可知D項正確。10．Theauthorseemstoagreethatapersonwhoismorelikelytobeeascientististheonewith________.A．asenseofnationalprideB．relevantacademicknowledgeC．adesiretoachievesuccessD．enthusiasmforscientificresearch解析：選D細節理解題。根據第四段第二句可知，一個人無論什么背景、來自何處，只要專心于科學研究，就有可能成為一名科學家，故選D。11．Inwritingthepassage,theauthorintendsto________.A．informreadersofthenewsandmakementsB．discouragethepursuitofinstantsuccessinscienceC．remindreadersoftheprinciplesofscientificresearchD．praisetheawardwinnerandencouragescientificresearch解析：選A寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，作者首先告知大家屠呦呦獲獎的消息，然后對此進行評論，故選A。D(2016·濟南第一學期期中質量檢測)Squaredancingisaformofentertainmentandphysicalexercise,whichisagoodthing.However,agroupofseniorChineseladiesdancinginNewYork’sSunsetParkwererecentlyfacedwithnoiseplaintsfromnearbyresidents.Thelocalcourtevenservedasummons(傳票)relatedtoacertainMs.Wang.ThenewssooncausedheateddiscussionacrossChina,withmanybelievingtheincidenttoinvolveaculturalconflictbetweentheEastandWest,whileothersviewitasaformofdiscriminationagainstChineseintheUnitedStates.TheUnitedStatesisadiversesociety,andinmanycases,Chinesedancersaretoleratedandevenappreciated.Meanwhile,theUnitedStatesisasocietybasedontheruleoflaw,andduetoculturaldifferences,localregulationsseemtobeverydifferentfromthoseinChina.Asaresult,someoldChineseladiesdancinginNewYork’sSunsetParkfoundthemselvescaughtinanembarrassingsituation.Localsandimmigrantsfromothernationsviewsuchnoiseasaviolationoftheirrighttoenjoytranquillity.Callingthepoliceisregardedasthemostefficientwaytosolvesuchaproblem.Before,theseladiesprobablydidnotunderstandlocalcustomsandrules.However,sincetheincidenttookplace,theyshouldperhapsknowalittlebetternexttimeandkeepthenoisetoaminimum.Peoplefromdifferentnationsareoftensupposedtoreachpromises,respectingandtoleratingeachother.Whateveryourchoiceofentertainmentis,itisimportantnottoaffectotherpeople’slives.Squaredancingisonlyoneofmanyactivitiesduringwhichpeopleshouldmindtheirbehavior.AsforU．S.policepractice,theremightstillbesomeroomforimprovement.Someweresaidtoberatherrude,leadingtotheso-called“racialdiscrimination”，whichisasensitivetopicinU．S.society.Iftheinvolvedpartiescouldbemoretolerant,andsolvesuchproblemswithoutinvolvingthecourt,perhapsimmigrantswouldmixmore.語篇解讀：人們對于廣場舞褒貶不一，本文通過中國大媽在紐約跳廣場舞的事例總結出人們應換位思考，相互理解、相互包容。12．ThewritermentionstheincidentinParagraph1to________.A．showhisopinion B．makeplaintsC．bringupthetopic D．criticizethelocalpolice解析：選C推理判斷題。作者提到了中國大媽在紐約廣場跳廣場舞，其目的是提出話題以引起人們的注意。故選C。13．Theunderlinedword“tranquillity”inParagraph3canbereplacedby“________”．A．entertainment B．quietnessC．freedom D．quality解析：選B詞義猜測題。通過畫線詞所在的句子可知，tranquillity和noise相對，應表示“平靜，安靜”，故選B。14．WhatwilltheseniorChineseladiesmostprobablydoaftertheincident?A．GobacktoChina.B．Fightfortheirright.C．AskAmericatochangeitslaw.D．Keepthenoisethelowest.解析：選D細節理解題。根據第四段第二句“However,sincetheincidenttookplace,theyshouldperhapsknowalittlebetternexttimeandkeepthenoisetoaminimum.”可知，中國大媽會把音量降到最低。故選D。15．What’sthewriter’sattitudetowardsseniorChineseladiesdancinginNewYork’sSunsetPark?A．Hethinksallpartiesinvolvedshouldbemoretolerant.B．Hestronglysupportstheactionofthelocalpolice.C．HeconsidersitashameforseniorChineseladiestodoso.D．Hesuggestssuchkindofproblemshouldbesolvedinthecourt.解析：選A推理判斷題。作者在文章的第四段提到了應互相包容(toleratingeachother)，在最后一段又提到包容(tolerant)，故選A。Ⅱ.閱讀七選五(2016·河南省高考適應性測試)HowtoBeaGoodFriendAgoodfriend,whowouldn’twantone?Everfeltyoursjustnotgoodenoughbutdon’tknowwheretoimprove?__1__Iusedtoannoyalotofmyfriendsbefore,justforthesakeofhavingfunandfromthat,I’velearnedhowtobeagoodfriend,andstayasagoodfriend.Listen.Noonelikesbeinginterruptedwhenthey’retalking.So,whensomeonetalks,keepyourselfqui