UNIT2SectionB

LearningAboutLanguage英語2021內(nèi)容索引課前篇自主預(yù)習(xí)課堂篇互動探究課前篇自主預(yù)習(xí)Ⅰ.知識體系圖解重點詞匯

寫作詞匯1.

vt.&vi.組成;作曲;撰寫

2.

n.解放;擺脫

3.

vi.,vt.&n.剃(須發(fā));刮臉

4.

n.胡須;絡(luò)腮胡子

5.

vt.打擾;攪亂;使煩惱

compose

liberation

shave

beard

disturb

6.

n.香煙;卷煙

7.

n.專科醫(yī)生;專家

8.

n.顧問;高級顧問醫(yī)師

9.

n.毒品;藥物

10.

vt.跳過;不參加;悄悄溜走

vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走;跳繩n.蹦跳拓展詞匯11.

n.外科醫(yī)生→surgeryn.外科手術(shù);外科學(xué)

cigarette

specialistconsultant

drug

skip

surgeon重點短語

1.

下定決心

2.

由……組成(或構(gòu)成)的

3.

剃掉;刮去

4.

采取行動

5.

找借口

6.

簡單說

makeupone’smind

becomposedofshaveoff

takeaction

makeexcuses

simplyspeaking

7.beginwith

8.beincontrolof

9.loseweight

10.cutout

11.takeup

12.stickto

以……開始控制

減肥剪去;刪除占用堅持重點句式

toomuch

toolittleisgood.

重點語法動詞不定式作主語

NeithernorⅡ.釋義匹配1.surgeon

A.theactofliberatingsomeoneorsomething2.liberation B.tonotdosomethingthatyouusuallydoorshoulddo3.disturb C.adoctorwhoisspeciallytrainedtoperformmedicaloperations4.skip D.hairthatsomemenallowtogrowonthelowerpartoftheirfaces5.beard E.tointerruptsomeonesothattheycannotcontinuewhattheyaredoing答案1.C

2.A

3.E

4.B

5.DⅢ.介(副)詞填空1.Liftingheavyweightscanlead

ariseinbloodpressure.

2.Youcanfind

whethertheyarepreparedtosharethecostwithyou.

3.Herefusedtogive

inspiteofmanydiscouragementsinhiscareer.

4.Asparents,wehavearesponsibilitytogiveourchildrenasense

belonging.

5.Youarefullyincontrol

yourownhabits,yourownbody,andyourownlife.

to

out

up

of

of

課堂篇互動探究重點詞匯1Weneedtomake

up

our

mindsandshowsomediscipline,andmakesmallchangesovertime.(P16)

我們需要下定決心,遵守紀(jì)律,并隨著時間的推移做出一些小小的改變。◆makeupone’smind下定決心I’vemade

up

my

mindtogotocollegeafterIfinishmiddleschool.我決定中學(xué)畢業(yè)后去上大學(xué)。Theymade

up

their

mindstoliveamodernlife.他們下定決心要過現(xiàn)代的生活。Oncewehavemade

up

our

mindstocheerup,itistimetotakeaction.一旦我們決定振作起來,就是時候采取行動了。使用makeupone’smind短語時需要注意,mind的單復(fù)數(shù)要根據(jù)主語的單復(fù)數(shù)來變化。

【詞匯拓展】have/keep/bear...inmind將……記在心里changeone’smind 改變主意minddoingsth 介意做某事mindyourownbusiness 少管閑事nevermind 沒關(guān)系comeintoone’smind 進(jìn)入某人的腦海bring...tomind 想起……WhenIfirstmetMikeIdidn’tlikehim,butIhavechanged

my

mindrecently.我第一次見到麥克時并不喜歡他,但是近來我的看法變了。Hepromisedtokeepmywishesin

mind.他承諾要記住我的愿望。【遷移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)記住你告訴我的話并不容易。Itisnoteasyto

whatyouhavetoldme.

(2)你是怎樣說服他改變了主意?Howdidyoupersuadehimto

?

(3)我們已下定決心,要集中思想辦好教育。Wehave

tofocusourthoughtsoneducation.

have/keep/bearinmindchangehismind

madeupourminds

have/keep/bearinmindcameintomymind

mindyourownbusiness(4)不管何時以何種方式記筆記,你都要記住,記筆記是個有選擇性的過程。Wheneverorhoweveryoutakenotes,

thatnote-takingisaselectiveprocess.

(5)突然,一個可怕的念頭出現(xiàn)在我的腦海里。Suddenly,aterriblethought

.

(6)你為什么就不能少管閑事,讓我清靜一下呢?Whydon’tyoujust

andleavemeinpeace?

2Simply

speaking,ahealthylifestyleisaboutfindingtherightbalanceandmakinggoodchoices.(P16)

簡單地說,健康的生活方式就是找到恰當(dāng)?shù)钠胶?做出好的選擇。◆simplyspeaking簡單地說Simply

speaking,ifonewordcarriesatleasttwomeanings,itcanbecalledapolysemousword.簡單地說,如果一個單詞有兩種以上的意義,那么就可稱之為多義詞。Simply

speaking,weknowwhatyourneedsare!簡單來說,我們最清楚您的需要!【詞匯拓展】generallyspeaking一般說來;總體而言franklyspeaking 坦率地說looselyspeaking 不嚴(yán)格地說Generally

speaking,peopleliketohearcomplimentsfromothers.總的來說,人們都喜歡聽到別人的稱贊。Frankly

speaking,it’snoteasytobeascientist.坦白地說,成為科學(xué)家不是一件容易的事情。Simplyspeaking

Generallyspeaking

Franklyspeaking【遷移應(yīng)用】完成句子(1)簡單地說,這是工作與業(yè)余生活之間的平衡。

,itisthebalancebetweenworkandyourleisuretime.

(2)總體而言,我們的英語都有待提高。

,ourEnglishhasyettobeimproved.

(3)坦白地說,我并不喜歡這場演出。

,Idon’tenjoytheperformance.

3Lifeiscomposedofmanyelements,suchasfamily,friends,study,work,entertainment,andsoon.(P16)

生活是由家庭、朋友、學(xué)習(xí)、工作、娛樂等多種元素組成的。◆composevt.&vi.組成;作曲;撰寫Tenmencomposethecommittee.委員會由十人組成。Vivaldicomposedalargenumberofveryfineconcertos.維瓦爾蒂創(chuàng)作了大量非常優(yōu)美的協(xié)奏曲。Themanageraskedthesecretarytocomposeareport.經(jīng)理要求秘書寫一個報告。【詞匯拓展】composern.作曲家;作曲者compositionn. 組成;構(gòu)成;創(chuàng)作;作品composefor 為……作曲becomposedof 由……組成(或構(gòu)成)的bemadeupof 由……組成(或構(gòu)成)的consistof 由……組成(或構(gòu)成)的Everysubstance,nomatterwhatitis,is

composed

ofverysmallparticlescalledmolecules.每種物質(zhì),不論它是什么,都是由一些被稱為分子的很小的粒子構(gòu)成的。Theirdietconsistslargelyofvegetables.他們的日常飲食以蔬菜為主。iscomposedcompositionfor

composer

【遷移應(yīng)用】單句語法填空(1)Couldyoutellmewhatwater

(compose)of?

(2)Theyounggirlisgoodatthe

(compose)ofshortstories.

(3)Whattypeofmoviesdoyoucompose

?

(4)Itwasthefortiethanniversaryofthedeathofthat

(compose).

ismadeupofconsistsofiscomposedof一句多譯據(jù)說這個小組由50位科學(xué)家組成。(5)Itissaidthattheteam

50scientists.(makeupof)

(6)Itissaidthattheteam

50scientists.(consist)

(7)Itissaidthattheteam

50scientists.(compose)

4TojointhePeople’sLiberationArmy,itisrequiredformentoshaveofftheirbeards.(P17)

要加入中國人民解放軍,男人必須剃掉胡須。◆shavevi.,vt.&n.剃(須發(fā));刮臉MrBrowntookabathandshavedbeforedinner.布朗先生在晚餐前洗了澡并刮了臉。Hehadshavedhisfaceuntilitwassmooth.他把臉刮到光滑為止。Heneverseemedtoneedashave.他似乎從不需要刮臉。【詞匯拓展】shaveoff剃掉;刮去shavesthoffsth 從……剃掉/刮去……shaveup 剃光shavingn. 剃胡子Pleasedon’tshave

offyourbeardwithoutwarningme.I’msousedtoyourfacewithit.別不跟我說一聲就刮掉你的胡須。我已看慣了你那長胡子的臉。I’vedecidedtoshave

offmybeard.我決定刮胡子。shaved

off【遷移應(yīng)用】單句語法填空(1)Sir,wouldyouliketohaveyourbeard

(shave)off?

(2)Ihadtoshaveafewmillimetres

thebottomofthedoortomakeitshut.

5Itwasnotpolitetodisturbyourneighbourswithloudmusiclastnight.(P17)

昨晚,用很響的音樂打擾你的鄰居是不禮貌的。◆disturbvt.打擾;攪亂;使煩惱Idreamabouthim,dreamssovividthattheydisturbmefordays.我夢到他了,夢是那么栩栩如生以至于困擾了我好幾天。Didyousleepwell?Ididn’twanttodisturbyou.Youlookedsopeaceful.你睡得好嗎?我不想打擾你。你看起來如此平靜。Themanagerwillbeangryifyoudisturbhimwhenhe’sinconference.經(jīng)理開會時如果你打擾他,他會生氣的。【詞匯拓展】disturbingadj.引起煩惱的;令人不安的disturbedadj.

被打擾的;不安的disturbancen. 打擾;擾亂ThencamethedisturbingnewsthatDollyhadbecomeseriouslyill.接著傳來了多莉病重這個令人不安的消息。Thenewsreallymademedisturbed.這個消息的確令我不安。【遷移應(yīng)用】用disturb的適當(dāng)形式填空(1)Theycangetthehintthatwhenthedoorisclosed,youdon’twantto

.

(2)Therobotwas

andfrighteningthathelookedsohuman.

(3)Findaquiet,warm,comfortableroomwhereyouwon’tbe

.

(4)IneedaplacewhereIcanworkwithout

.

bedisturbeddisturbingdisturbed

disturbance重點句式Neither

too

much

nor

too

little

is

good.(P16)不多不少正合適。【句式剖析】neither..nor...意為“既不……也不……”。其含義是否定的,可連接任意兩個并列的成分。ProfessorHisamatsuspokeneitherEnglishnorGerman.久松教授既不會講英語,也不會講德語。Icangiveyouneitheranopinionnoranyadvice.我既不能給你意見,也不能提供任何建議。Thecomposerneitherworriednorcaredaboutpublicopinion.這位作曲家對輿論既不擔(dān)心,也不在意。【句式拓展】(1)neither...nor...連接兩個名詞或代詞作主語時,謂語動詞要遵循“就近原則”。Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherknowsanythingaboutit.同學(xué)們和老師都對此一無所知。(2)遵循“就近原則”的其他并列連詞:【遷移應(yīng)用】單句語法填空(1)Neitheritscause

itscurewasunderstood.

(2)Neithertheteachernorhisstudents

(come)acrosssuchadifficultproblemyet.

句式升級(3)Theteacherisnotcontentwiththeresult.Thestudentsarenotcontentwiththeresult,too.→

theteacher

thestudentsarecontentwiththeresult.

nor

havecomeNeithernor重點語法動詞不定式作主語【思維導(dǎo)圖】1.動詞不定式作主語時,謂語動詞用單數(shù)。Tolookafterthesenaughtyboysisreallydifficult.照看這些淘氣的男孩真的很難。Toplayfireisverydangerous.玩火是很危險的。2.為了避免頭重腳輕,常用it作形式主語放在句首,作主語的不定式常置于句末。Itwouldbebetterforyoutogothere.你還是去那里的好。It’seasyforhimtoworkoutthismathproblem.對他來說解出這道數(shù)學(xué)題很容易。常見的句型有:(1)itis+adj.+todo...Howeverhardyoutry,itisdifficulttoloseweightwithoutcuttingdowntheamountyoueat.不管你多么努力,很難在不減少食物攝入量的情況下減肥。Ithinkthatitisimpossibletobetherebeforeeight.我覺得在8點之前趕到那里是不可能的。注意:若要說明不定式表示的動作的發(fā)出者的話,要在不定式前加for引起的短語,構(gòu)成“for+名詞(或代詞賓格)+不定式”短語,這一短語被稱為不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。在“itis+adj.+不定式復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)”句型中,當(dāng)其中的形容詞是說明邏輯主語的性質(zhì)、品質(zhì)時,要由of引出邏輯主語,不能用for。這類形容詞主要有clever,foolish,kind,nice,polite,silly,stupid,wise等。Itwasreallyverykindofyoutogivemealifthome.你能送我回家真是太好了。Itisfoolishofthemtoturndowntheproposal.他們拒絕那個建議實在是太愚蠢了。(2)itis+n.+todo...Webelieveitisourdutytohelpthoseinneedtomaketheworldweliveinabetterplace.我們相信我們有義務(wù)幫助那些有困難的人來使我們居住的這個世界變得更美好。Itisanhonourformetobeinvitedtospeakatthemeeting.被邀請在會上講話我感到非常榮幸。(3)ittakessbsometimetodo...Ittakesthemseveraldaystoadaptthemselvestotheclimateattheheights.他們花了數(shù)天的時間才適應(yīng)高地的氣候。Ittookusawholeweektogothroughtheforest.我們花了整整一星期才穿過那片森林。3.不定式可以和when,where,how,what,whether等連用,在句子中作主語、賓語和表語,而動詞-ing形式則不能。Wheretoputtheboxseemshardtodecide.很難決定把這個箱子放在哪里。Whethertodoithasn’tbeendecided.是否做這件事還沒定下來。【拓展】動詞不定式和動詞-ing形式作主語的異同點:1.動詞-ing形式和不定式作主語的相同點(1)不定式和動詞-ing形式作主語時,常常為了保持句子的平衡,用it來作形式主語,如:ItisnoteasytolearnEnglishwell.學(xué)好英語不容易。Itisnouseaskinghimforhelp.向他求助是沒有用的。(2)如果主語用了不定式,表語和賓語也要用不定式;主語用了動詞-ing形式,表語和賓語也要用動詞-ing形式,這在英語中稱為對稱性,如:Toseeistobelieve.=Seeingisbelieving.眼見為實。Itisbettertostayhomethantogoout.待在家里比出去要好。2.動詞-ing形式和不定式作主語的不同點(1)不定式作主語常表示具體的某一動作;表示泛指或一般的抽象的概念時,多用動詞-ing形式。Walkingisagoodformofexerciseforbothyoungandold.散步是一種老幼皆宜的很好的運(yùn)動形式。(2)在“itisnouse/good/help/need”結(jié)構(gòu)之后常用動詞-ing形式作主語,而少用不定式。Itisnousecryingoverthesplitmilk.覆水難收。Itisnohelptakingthisme