學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精學必求其心得，業必貴于專精2020-2021學年外研版（2019）高中英語選擇性必修第二冊學案：Unit2Improvingyourself課時分層作業4含解析課時分層作業(四)Ⅰ。單詞拼寫1．Weallknowhowimportantsecurity（安全）istoyourenvironment。2．Asbabies，werely（依賴)entirelyonothersforfood.3．Manydivorcedfathersonlyhaveaccesstotheirchildrenatweekends.4．Heatthesauce，stirringconstantly．5．Wefirstbuildupadetailedprofile(概況）ofourcustomersandtheirrequirements.6．Ihadothermatterstooccupyme，duringthedayatleast.7．Theplanisdesignedtomotivate（激勵)employeestoworkmoreefficiently。8．Doyouthinkshe'llnoticeifIswitch（轉換）myglasswithhers?Ⅱ。閱讀理解AFromaveryearlyage,somechildrenexhibitbetterself.controlthanothers。Now，anewstudythatbeganwithabout1，000childreninNewZealandhastrackedhowachild'slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears。Researchershavebeenstudyingthisgroupofchildrenfordecadesnow。Theyobservedthelevelofself.controltheyoungstersdisplayed。Parents，teachers，eventhekidsthemselves,scoredtheyoungstersonmeasureslike“actingbeforethinking”and“Persistenceinreachinggoals.”ThestudyledbyMoffittofDukeUniversityandcolleaguesfollowed1，000childrenfrombirthtoage32inDunedin，NewZealand.“Thechildrenwhohadthelowestself.controlwhentheywereagethreetoten，lateronhadthemosthealthproblemsintheir30s,”Moffittsaid，“andtheyhadtheworstfinancialsituation.Theyweremorelikelytohaveacriminalrecordandtoberaisingachildasasingleparentonaverylowincome.”Moffittexplainedthatself-controlproblemswerewidelyobserved,andweren’tjustafeatureofasmallgroupofmisbehavingkids.Moffittsaidit’sstillunclearwhysomechildrenhavebetterself.controlthanothers,thoughshesaidotherresearchershavefoundthatit’smostlyalearnedbehavior,withrelativelylittlegeneticinfluence.Butgoodself-controlcanbesettoruninfamiliesbecausechildrenwithgoodself。controlaremorelikelytogrowuptobehealthyandprosperousparents。Butthegoodnews,Moffittsaid，isthatself-controlcanbetaughtbyparents,andthroughschoolcurriculathathavebeenshowntobeeffective.【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳,資金困難，甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向。而孩子較強的自我控制能力能夠決定未來的成功與健康。此外,良好的教養可以提高自我控制能力，遺傳因素對其影響較小.1．Fromthefirsttwoparagraphswelearnthat________．A．theresearchhasbeencarriedoutforfiveyearsB．self。controlinkidstendstodeterminetheirfutureC．self。controlwasassessedbychildren’sintelligenceD．children'sself。controlisalmostthesameatearlyageB[理解判斷題.根據前兩段的“achild'slowself.controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向。由此可知,自我控制強的孩子往往能決定自己的未來。故選B。]2．Childrenwithlowself.controlaremorelikelyto________．A．becomewealthyinlaterlifeB．getgoodschoolperformanceC．havebetterfinancialplanningD．adoptnegativebehaviorsD［細節理解題。根據第一段“achild’slowself-controlcanpredictpoorhealth，moneytroublesandevenacriminalrecordintheiradultyears.”可知自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳,資金困難,甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向.由此可知，自制力弱的孩子更有可能養成消極的行為。故選D.]3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?A．Self。controlcannotbetaughtinschools.B．Thestudyisrestrictedwithinfewparticipants.C．It'snevertoolatetodealwithself-controlproblems.D．Goodparentingcanimproveself。controlandlifesuccess。D[推斷理解題。根據最后一段“thoughshesaidotherresearchershavefoundthatit'smostlyalearnedbehavior，withrelativelylittlegeneticinfluence。”可知自我控制能力是一個學習行為,遺傳因素對其影響較小。又“Moffittsaid，isthatself。controlcanbetaughtbyparents，andthroughschoolcurriculathathavebeenshowntobeeffective。"可知自我控制能力需要被父母教授.由此推知，良好的教養可以提高自我控制能力，更有可能收獲成功.故選D。］4．Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A．Child'sSelf。controlPredictsFutureHealth，successB．KidsareEncouragedtoTakeRisksatanEarlyAgeC．Children'sDevelopmentCannotbeChangedbyTeachersD．HowtoTeachtheKidsaBitofSelf.controlinschools。A［標題歸納題.縱觀全文，文章主要講述了自制力弱的孩子可能會健康狀況不佳，資金困難，甚至在成年后會有犯罪傾向.而孩子的自我控制能力能夠決定未來的成功與健康.故選A。]BWhenweareyoungwearetaughtthatit'swrongtolieandweshouldalwaystellthetruth。Unfortunately，mostchildrenlieevenifthey'retoldnotto.ResearchcarriedoutattheInstituteofChildStudyatTorontoUniversityhasshownthatthismightnotbesuchabadthing.Apparently(顯然地)，childrenwhotelllieswhenthey’retwoyearsoldhaveagoodchanceofbecomingsuccessfuladults（成年人)．Accordingtotheresearch,attheageoftwo,20percentofchildrenlie。Attheageofthree,50percentlie，andatfouralmost90percentlie.Bytheageoftwelvealmosteverychildtellslies.Lyingneedsmuchbrainwork，andthebetterthelieis，themoreworkthebrainhastodo.Bytrainingthebrainearly，researchersbelievechildrenwillbeabletothinkmoreclearlywhentheyareadults。Recentresearch,carriedoutbytheScienceMuseuminLondon，hasshownsomeinterestingfactsaboutthewaywelieasadults。Accordingtotheresearch，theaverageBritishmantellsthreelieseveryday；that’sover1，000liesayear.However,theaveragewomanapparentlyonlyliestwiceaday。Mostpeoplethinkwomenarebetterliars（說謊者）thanmenalthoughinfacttheytellfewerlies.Popularwomen’sliesinclude‘Nothing'swrong，I'mfine’，‘Idon’tknowwhereitis,Ihaven’ttouchedit'，and‘Itwasn'tthatexpensive'。Somepeoplesayyoucanlieaslongasit’sawhitelie.Awhitelieisalietoldtoavoidhurtingsomeone'sfeelings。Oneofthemostcommonliesforbothmenandwomenis‘It’sjustwhatI'vealwayswanted'，saidafteropeningapresentfromtheirpartner。【語篇解讀】文章主要是有關謊言的調查研究。5．Whatwillhappentoyoungchildrenwholie？A．Theywillpossiblydowronglater.B．They’relikelytosucceedinthefuture.C．Theywillkeeplyingwhentheygrowup。D．Theymayhaveagoodchanceoflosingothers'trust。B[細節理解題。根據第一段中的“childrenwhotelllieswhenthey'retwoyearsoldhaveagoodchanceofbecomingsuccessfuladults(成年人）．(兩歲時說謊的孩子很有可能成為成功的成年人)”可知，撒謊的小孩在以后很可能會取得成功。故選B。］6．WhatdothenumbersinPara.2showaboutchildren？A．Olderchildrentellbiggerliesthanyoungerones。B．Astheygrowtheyoftenlieabouttheirage.C．Theoldertheyare，themorelikelytheylie.D．It’squitenaturalforthemtotelllies.C［推理判斷題。根據第二段的研究結果“Accordingtotheresearch，attheageoftwo，20percentofchildrenlie.Attheageofthree，50percentlie,andatfouralmost90percentlie.Bytheageoftwelvealmosteverychildtellslies.（根據這項研究,20%的兒童在兩歲時撒謊.三歲時，50%的孩子撒謊,四歲時，90％的孩子撒謊.到了12歲，幾乎每個孩子都會說謊。)”可知，隨著孩子年齡的增長，其說謊的概率也在增長。故選C.］7．WhatdidtheresearchbytheScienceMuseumfindout？A．Menliemorethanwomen。B．Womenarebetterliarsthanmen.C．Women’sliesareusuallynotserious.D．Mensometimeshavetolietowomen。A［細節理解題。根據第四段中的“Accordingtotheresearch，theaverageBritishmantellsthreelieseveryday；that’sover1，000liesayear。However,theaveragewomanapparentlyonlyliestwiceaday.（調查顯示，英國男性平均每天說謊三次；一年就有超過1000個謊言。然而，女性平均每天只會說謊兩次.）”可知，男性比女性說的謊多。故選A.］8．What'sthetruefeelingbehindtheunderlinedpartinthelastparagraph？A．Youknowmesowell.B．Idon’tlikethepresent。C．Youaregoodatpickingpresents.D．Ihaven'treceivedapresentIreallylike。B[詞義猜測題。劃線部分是上文“Awhitelieisalietoldtoavoidhurtingsomeone’sfeelings。”說明善意的謊言是一種避免傷害某人感情的謊言；下文“saidafteropeningapresentfromtheirpartner”說明這句話是在收到來自伙伴的禮物后說的話,由此可知，劃線部分是一句善意的謊言,其實說話者并不喜歡這件禮物。故選B。]Ⅲ.閱讀七選五WhenIreceivedmyadmissiondecisionforMiddlebury,mymouthdroppedopeningenuine(真的)shock。1Feelingunprepared,Iwasconsideringtakingagapyear.However,inprocessingthis，Icouldonlythinkaboutthenegativepointsoftakingabreakbetweenhighschoolandcollege。Iwouldfallbehindmypeers.IwouldforgeteverythingIlearnedinhighschoolwithsevenmonthsofnolearning.2UponarrivingatMiddleburyfortheadmittedstudentdays,Iwasamazedatthebeautyofthetownandthecampus。WhilespeakingwithMiddkids(asstudentsarecalled)，theyallappearedhappyandgenerallystress.free.3InAugust，afewMiddkidsIhadmetandbefriendedduringtheadmittedstudentdayssuggestedgoingtoNewburyport，MAforaweek.Forthefirsttime，IwentonaroadtripwithsomeoneIhadonlyknownforafewmonths。Yet，thistripshowedmethefreedomofbeinganindependentadultinawayIhadnotfeltathome。4Mygapsemesterwasthebestbeginningtoadulthoodbecauseithelpedmebecomematureinanunexpectedandenrichingmanner，5Tostudentsreflectingonagapyear，bebraveanddothingsthatareoutsideyourcomfortzone。Talktopeople:theworldhassomuchtoteach.A．Ididn’tthinkIwasaworthyenoughcandidatetogetaccepted.B．Itwasmywayoflettinggoandstartinganewchapterofmylife。C．ButeventuallyIdecidedtoapplytoMiddleburyforafewreasons.D．Ialsoopenedmymindtothebenefitsoftalkingsometimeofffrommystudies。E．IfeltlikeagapyearwouldnarrowdownwhatIwantedtostudyanddoinmylife.F．MytripsprovidedmewithasenseoffreedomandindependenceIdidnotexperienceduringmyteens.G．OnceIrestartedmyacademicstudies，Iwouldactuallyperformbetterthanthosewhowentstraightfromhighschooltocollege.【語篇解讀】文章主要講述了作者的間隔年旅行如何讓他成為一個自由獨立的成年人。1．A［根據上文中的“mymouthdroppedopeningenuine(真的）shock（我吃驚地張大嘴巴)"可以看出，被Middlebury錄取是意料之外的事情.因此可推測出在眾多申請者中他應該是很一般的。選項A“Ididn'tthinkIwasaworthyenoughcandidatetogetaccepted.（我認為我并不是一個足以值得被錄取的申請者）”和前文邏輯和語境都符合.故選A項。］2．C［根據上文