Module4GreatInventions

Unit3LanguageinuseLanguagepracticePaperandprintinghavebeenusedforages.Thebatteryhasn’tbeenchangedforacoupleofmonths.Hasitbeenpublishedyet?InformationcanbekeptonCD-ROMs.Bookscouldonlybeproducedoneatatime.Canbooksbereplacedbycomputers?現在完成時的被動語態：have/has（not）been+過去分詞情態動詞的被動語態：情態動詞（not）+be+過去分詞Conclusion:一般現在時——am／is／are+動詞的過去分詞

一般過去時——was／were+動詞的過去分詞

一般將來時——willbe／begoingtobe+動詞的過去分詞

情態動詞——aux.v.(must／can／could／may…+be+動詞的過去分詞）現在進行時——be(am、is、are)+being+動詞的過去分詞現在完成時——have／has+been+動詞的過去分詞被動語態的構成：be+動詞的過去分詞被動語態：主語是動作的承受者。當我們不知道誰是動作的執行者，或者沒有必要指出誰是動作的執行者時，或者只需強調動作的承受者時，要用被動語態。（一）表格：被動語態基本結構時態被動語態結構一般現在時一般過去時現在進行時過去進行時一般將來時過去將來時現在完成時過去完成時am/is/aredonewas/weredoneam/is/arebeingdonewas/werebeingdoneshall/willbedonewouldbedonehave/hasbeen

donehadbeen

doneConclusion:主動語態如何改成被動語態？1.主動語態的賓語改成被動語態的主語。2.主動語態的謂語動詞改成被動語態的謂語動詞。do3.注意保持時態和人稱的一致。4.帶雙賓的謂語動詞有兩種改法。當把直接賓語改成主語時，謂語動詞后必須加適當的介詞:to，for.如：givebegivento此類動詞還有：passshowsend…

再如：buybeboughtfor此類動詞還有：makedrawcookmend…5.一些動詞不定式在主動語態中省略to作賓語補足語，改成被動語態時，to必須還原。（二）bedone注:1.不及物動詞（vi.)不用被動語態。如:happen、takeplace、appear、disappear…

幾種特殊結構1.Myunclegavemeagiftonmybirthday．

2.Weoftenhearhimplaytheguitar．Iwasgivenagiftonmybirthday．Agiftwasgiventomeonmybirthday.Heisoftenheardtoplaytheguitar注意：see,watch,hear,notice,feel,make,listento,lookat等動詞/短語后作賓語補語的不定式都不帶to；但改成被動語態后必須帶to。Arecorder

isusedinourEnglishclasseveryday.

recorderEnglishclassLet‘spractice！！use…forOftenplayFootball

isplayedallovertheworld.Acamera

isusedfortakingphotos.Let‘spractice！！robyesterdaysenduplastyearAman-madesatellite

wassentupintospacelastyear.Abank

wasrobbedyesterday.Let‘spractice！！mustplantcoverwithinafewyears’timeThetree

mustbeplantedontheground.Theground

willbecovered

with

treesinafewyears’time.

Let‘spractice！！sendtorightnowatalkgivesoonThey

willbesenttothehospitalrightnow.Atalk

willbegivensoon.digTheearth

isbeingdug

now.eatup

alreadyThefood

hasbeeneatenupalready.ExercisesCompletethesentenceswiththecorrectformofthewords.1.Ithinkonedaybooksmay___________(place)completely.2.Mybike_____________(leave)atschool,soIhavetotakethebustoschooltoday.3.Thebattery___________________(charge)yet.HowcanIusemyrecorder.4.Papershouldnot_________(throw)away.5.Booksandothermaterialcan_____________(borrow)fromthelibrary.6.I’veboughtasecond-handMP3player—andabout1,000songshave_________________(download)ontoit!7.Hasthecomputer________________(repair)yet?Ineedtowritemyarticlewithit.8.Whathave________________(turnon)?Theradio.beborrowedhasbeenlefthasn’tbeenchargedbethrownbeplacedbeendownloadedbeenturnedonbeenrepairedCompletethequizquestionsandchoosethecorrectanswer.1.Who/pyramids/build?

Whowerethepyramidsbuiltby?a)TheEgyptiansb)TheAncientGreeksc)TheRomans2.What/use/tomakepapersincethe19thcentury?Whatwasusedtomakepapersincethe19thcentury?a)Woodb)Silk

c)CottonExercises3.Where/thestoryofRomeoandJuliet/set?WherewasthestoryofRomeoandJulietset?a)InNewYorkb)InAthensc)InLondon4.where/theworld’soldestbookprintedonpaper/discover?a)InIndiab)InChina c)InEgypt5.Howlong/computers/use?a)Forlessthan50years b)For50yearsc)Formorethan50yearsMakequestionsandwriteanswers.What/shouldn’t/do/withpaper?(waste)--Whatshouldn’tbedonewithpaper?--Itshouldn’tbewasted.What/can/use/tomakepaper?(manythings)What/might/use/toreplacebooksoneday?(computers)How/must/printers/keep?(ingoodconditions)Where/can/music/keep?(onMP3players)ExercisesHowhastheplacechanged?Usethesewords:add,change,open,paint,put,turnon,takeaway,ThewindowThecapThelightThebasketballThesweaterThepaintingTwochairsThebooksThedisheshave/hasbeenCompletethepassagewiththecorrectformofthewords.Fromabout500BC,pens__________forwriting.Thefeathersoflargebirds_____________anddried.Thepointofeachfeatherwassharpened.Thenpeopleusedthemtowritewithink.Manyfamousworks,suchasShakespeare’splays,______________withthesepens.Theninthe18thcentury,Apenwithasteelwritingpoint____________Onlyafewwordscould____________,however,beforethewriterhadtofillthepenwithinkagain.Manyyearslater,thefountainpen_______________fromtheseearlypens.In1950,aEuropeancalledLaszloBiroinventedtheballpointpen.Thepopularityofwriting_________quicklywiththe_____________oftheballpointpen.Eventoday,ballpointpen,orBiros,asthey_____________,aremuchlessexpensive,comparedwiththefountainpens.wereusedwerecleanedwerewrittenwasinventedcall,clean,develop,introduce,invent,produce,spread,use,writespreadwasdevelopedarecalledintroductionwereproducedExercisesCompletethesentenceswiththephrasesinthebox.

1.CouldyouimagineadigitalimageofYaoMingonthewall_____________aposter?2.Thingsmade_____________areusuallymoreexpensivethanthoseproducedinfactories.3.____________howoldbooksareactuallydownloadedontocomputers.4.Ihaven’tseenmybestfriend_____________!5.We’reusingtoomuchpaper.____________,I’mgoingtoreadallmymagazinesonline.ratherthanbyhandFromnowonforagesbyhand,forages,fromnowon,Iwonder,ratherthanIwonderExercisesAroundtheworldE-bookAswecansendmailbyemail,wecanreadbooksbye-booknow.E-booksfirstappearedinthe1990sandhavemadegreatimprovementintechnology.Notescanbewrittenonthee-book,newbookscanbeeasilydownloadedfromtheInternet,andit’smuchEasierandquickertosearchforpassages.What’sMore,alotofpaperwillbesaved.Nowadays,themostAdvancede-bookisabout620g,18cmlong,12cmwideand2cmthick.Itlookslikearealbook.ButtheE-bookismoreexpensivethanpaperbooks,sonotmanypeoplecanaffordit.However,withtherapidprogressofelectronictechnology,thee-bookwillbecomemoreconvenientandcheaper.Itissaidthatinthenearfuture,therewillbemoree-booksthanpaperbooks.ModuletaskDiscusshowtoimproveinventionsI.用所給動詞的正確形式填空。1.Apianoconcert__________(give)inthehalllastFriday.2.Theflowers_________________(water)byDammingalready.3.Starscan’t__________(see)inthedaytime.4.Thesmallriver__________(dry)upsincelastyear.5.Sofar,manyman-madesatellites______________(send)upintospace.wasgivenhavebeenwateredbeseenhasdriedhavebeensent［課時達標］6.Myfather________(teach)computerscienceinauniversity.7.Thehardtaskcan’t__________(finish)intwomonths.8.Knives__________(use)forcuttingthings.9.Lingling________(ask)Bettytoattendherbirthdaypartyyesterday.10.Canthemagazine__________(take)outofthelibrary?teachesbefinishedareusedaskedbetakenII.改寫下面的句子，使句意不變，每空一詞。1.Iwilltakecareofyourson.Yoursonwill____________________________byme.2.Myhometownhaschangedgreatlyinthelasttwoyears.Greatchanges_________________inmyhometowninthelasttwoyears.3.Youshouldhandinthehomeworkatonce.Thehomeworkshould______________inatonce.betakencareofhavehappenedbe