閱讀理解題型解題技巧之細節理解和詞義猜測1.細節理解2.猜測詞義

3.推理判斷4.主旨大意命題類型2018（9）2019（7）12推斷文章出處推斷目標讀者3-7推斷隱含意義推斷作者寫作目的推斷觀點態度

Let'sspotthedifferences火眼金睛明察秋毫解題技巧一、細節理解

細節理解主要考查學生對閱讀材料中的某一特定細節或文章的主要事實的理解能力。考點洞悉：1.是非判斷2.年代數字等計算3圖表,事件排序以及詢問(who，what，when，where，why，how）等。新聞、說明文、廣告信息等常常考查這些細節。講述內容：1.題干分析：2.解題技巧3.干擾項分析常見問題形式有：1.Accordingtothepassage,who/what/

which/when/Where/why/how/howmany/howmuch/howlong/Howsoon/howoften,etc.?2.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistrue？（三誤一正）3.Accordingtothepassage,Whichofthefollowingisnotmentioned?（三正一誤）4.Inthepassagethewriterstatesthat____.5.Choosethebestorderinwhichthepeopledo__.

設題特點題干設計常常避開原文中所用詞匯，而用其同義詞、或反義詞干擾項：1.范圍太大，過小

2.偷換概念

3.正誤并存，某個分句是正確。關鍵方法：抓問題關鍵詞、細辨別、忠實原文、SampleI

ThishugedamisintheBlackCanyon.Itispossibletodriveacarfromonesideoftherivertotheotheronaroad,whichisonthetopofthedam.Thisdamissobigthatthereisanelevatorinside.……

ThishugedamwascalledBoulderDamwhenitwasfinishedin1936.LateritwasrenamedHooverDaminhonorofapresidentoftheUnitedStates.HooverDam，oneofthehighestdamsintheworld，issituatedbetweenthestatesofArizonaandNevada.HooverDamlies______.A.betweenArizonaandNevada

B.intheBlackCanyonC.betweenNewYorkandSanFranciscoD.bothAandBSampleIIMissLuoLin,MissAsiaof1991，…

BorninShanghaiandtakentoHongKongwhenshewasonlysixyearsold,LuoLinhasneverdreamedofbeingMissAsia.Herchildhooddreamwastobeanairhostess.Beforeshetookpartinthecompetition,shehadbeenanairhostessinCathayAirlineforsevenyears.However，itstilltookherthreemonthstolearntheartofwalkingonthestage,dancing,singing,making-upandotherpropermanners,designedbytheAsiaTVStation.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.LuoLinisanativeofShanghai.B.LuoLinmovedtoHongKongwithherparents.C.LuoLinwonthetitleofMissAsiain1991.D.AsiaTVStationhelpedLuoLintobecomeMissAsia.SampleIII…reportedtotheEarthPolicyInstitutethatthenationsufferedanunusauallyhighnumberoffiercestormsinthepasttenyears.Manyscientistsconnecthighersurfacewatertemperaturesresultingfromglobalwarmingtogreaterandmoredamagingstorms.Accordingtoscientists,theDIRECTcauseofmoreandfiercerstormsis

.A.greenhousegasemissions(散發)inindustrializednationsB.highersurfacewatertemperaturesoftheseaC．continuousglobalwarming D．risingsealevelsSampleIVLaupepaexpresseddissatisfactionwiththeUnitedStatesforrefusingtosigntheKyotoProtocol,（京都議定書）aninternationalagreementcallingforindustrializednationstoreducetheirgreenhousegasemissions,whichareamaincauseofglobalwarming.“Byrefusingtosigntheagreement,theUShaseffectivelytakenawaythefreedomoffuturegenerationsofTuvaluantolivethere,”LaupepatoldtheBBC.LaupepawasnotsatisfiedwiththeUnitedStatesbecauseitdidnot

.A.agreetoreduceitsgreenhousegasemissionsB．signanagreementwithTuvaluC．allowTuvaluanstomovetotheUSD.believetheproblemsfacingTuvaluwerereal?

Youhavetopayatleast______ayearifyoustudyattheUniversityofWaikato.A.$5,250B.$8,000C.$9,000D.$11,000SampleVTuitionFees(學費)

Tuitionfeesaredifferentfromdepartmenttodepartment,generallyfrom$5,000to$6,000ayear.Forfurtherinformation:tui@waikato．ac．nz.

Accommodation(住宿)

Youcanhavearoomina4-bedroomflat,whichwillcostabout$100amonthwithotherregularlivingcostsofabout$150amonthforoneperson.Forfurtherinformation:acc@waikato．ac．nz

Peoplecanuseahomecomputertomaketheirshoppinglists.Onceatthestore,ashoppercanuseapreferredcustomercardtostartasystem(系統)thatwillorganizethetriparoundthestore.Ifyou'relookingfortoothpicks,youtypeinthewordorpickitfromalist,andamapwillappearonthescreenshowingwhereyouareandwhereyoucanfindthem.Whichofthefollowingisthecorrectorderofshoppingwiththecomputerizedshoppingcarts?a.Startthesystem.b.Makeashoppinglist.c.Findthethingsyouwant.d.Gotoaself-checkoutstand.A.abdc B.bacdC.acbdD.bcadSampleVI解題技巧二、猜測詞義詞義猜測題常用的提問方式有：

1.Theword“…”refersto/probablymeans/couldbestbereplacedby_______.2.Theword“…”ismostlikelytomean______.3.Whatdoyouthinktheexpression“…”standsfor?4.Theunderlinedword“…”means______.......根據破折號，冒號等標點符號,定語從句或同位語從句，定義解釋等確定詞義。常見信號詞：be,becalled,means,bedefinedas,thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords,技巧11.Itwillbeveryhardbutverybrittle—thatis,itwillbreakeasily.2.Theherdsman,wholooksaftersheep,earnsabout650yuanayear.adj.易碎的，脆的n.牧羊人3.Heisaresoluteman,oncehesetsupa

goal,hewillnotgiveitupeasily.4.Hewasaprestidigitatorwhoentertained

thechildrenbypullingrabbitsoutofhats,swallowingfire,andothersimilartricks.堅決的變戲法者利用文中的反義詞以及表對比關系的詞（組）猜測詞義。表示對比的信號詞有yet,but,while,thoughhowever,otherwise,ontheonehand…ontheotherhand,foronething…foranotherthing,insteadof等。

技巧2Inthepasttheworldseemedtoruninanorderlyway.Now,however,everythingseemstobeinastateofturmoil.一片混亂Contrast對比法ThoughTom’sfacehasbeenwashedquiteclean,hisneckstillremainsgrubby.

Johnusuallywastesalotofmoneyonsuchuselessthings,hiswife,however,isverythrifty.污穢的節儉的技巧3：相似法利用同義詞、近義詞或相似的結構猜測詞義。信號詞:or,like,as…as,thesameas1.Cleaningupwaterwaysisanenormous

task.Thejobissolarge,infact,thatthegovernmentmaynotbeabletosavesomeoftheriversandlakeswhichhavebeenpolluted.2.Motherwastall,fatandmiddle-aged.Myauntwasanoldwoman,almostasplump

asmother,butmuchshorter.龐大的圓胖的信號詞:because,since,as,for,dueto,so,therefore,so…that,such…that,thus。技巧41.Onewhoisdestitutehasagreatneedforfoodandclothing.2.Thatmuseumissoimmensethatitwillbeimpossibletoseealltheexhibitsinoneday.貧窮的大Cause&Effect因果法：Example例舉法：。技巧5Todayyoungcouplesoftenspendlotsoftheirmoneyonappliances,forinstance,washingmachines,refrigeratorsandcolortelevisions.Carsmusthavecertainsafetydevicessuchasseatbelt,headlights,andgoodbrakes.常見的舉例的信號詞有forinstance,forexample,suchas:such,like,especially,include,consistof等家用電器裝置WordFormation構詞法：技巧6

英語單詞大多是由詞根、詞頭（前綴）和詞尾（后綴）所組成。詞根是單詞最基本的部分，表達單詞的基本含義。在詞根前或后加上前綴或后綴，可以用來引申或轉變原詞的意義。只要我們掌握了各種詞根、詞頭和詞尾的基本含義，那么就可以很容易猜測出由其構成的新詞的含義了。高中英語中常見的前綴和后綴有：super-(超)mini-(極小的,微小的)micro-（極微小的）re-（再，反復）mis-（誤，惡）im-（不）un-（不，非）in-（不，非）non-（不，非）-able（能…的）-less（不，無）-wards(向)Canyouguesstherightmeanings?supermanmicrowavesupernaturalmispronouce

nonnaturalnonsmokerhomelessrebuildimpracticalincredibleunbelievableillegalirresponsibleunreasonable技巧7.Context上下文：利用語境及前后的提示來猜測詞義。

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