榆林市2022～2023年度高三第一次模擬檢測英語試題考生注意：1.本試卷共150分。考試時間120分鐘。2.請將各題答案填寫在答題卡上。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié),滿分30分)做題時,先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后,你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例：Howmuchistheshirt?A.f19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whyisthemanleavingearly?A.Hewantstoavoidatrafficjam.B.Heisn’tinterestedinthemovie.C.Hedoesn’tknowthewaytothetheater.2.Howdidthewomanfeeljustnow?AScared.B.Bored.C.Excited.3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Inashop.B.Inakitchen.C.Inaclassroom.4.Whenwillthespeakersmeet?A.At6:30.B.At7:00.C.At6:45.5.WhomightFreddybe?A.Thespeakers’son.B.Thespeakers’landlady.C.Thespeakers’pet.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題,從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前,你將有時間閱讀各個小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料,回答第6、7題。6.Howdoesthewomanusuallygotowork?A.Bybus.B.Bycar.C.Bytrain.7.Whatdothespeakersagreeabouttakingthetrain?A.Itisfaster.B.Itissafer.C.Itischeaper.聽第7段材料,回答第8、9題。8.Whyisthewomanupsetwiththeman?A.Hehasn’tbeenattendingclass.B.Hedidn’tturninhisessay.C.Hisessayistooshort.9.Howmanyessayshasthemanrewrittenthisyearaltogether?A.Threeessays.B.Twoessays.C.Oneessay.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?A.Saveupforthecar.B.Gotoanothercardealer.C.Asksomeonetocheckthecar.11.Howwillthewomanpayforthecar?A.Bybankcard.B.Incash.C.Bycheque.12.Howwillthemanhelpthewoman?A.Drivehercarhome.B.Lendmoneytoher.C.Takecareofhercar.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whendidthewomanlastlendthemanhercar?A.Ayearago.B.Fivemonthsago.C.Acoupleofdaysago.14.Whatwillthewomandotonight?A.Seeamovie.B.Seeaplay.C.Gotothegym.15.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Roommates.B.Goodfriends.C.Brotherandsister.16.Whatdoesthemanpromisethewoman?A.Hewillborrowanothercarnexttime.B.Hewillreturnbeforesixo’clock.C.Hewillfilluphercarwithgas.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whatkindofrestaurantsarethemostinthespeaker’shometown?A.KFCs.B.Chineserestaurants.C.Japaneserestaurants.18.Whydoesthespeakerdislike“allyoucaneat”restaurants?ATheyareunhealthy.B.Theyaretooexpensive.C.Thereisn’tenoughfoodinthem.19.Whatdomostcustomersof“Allyoucaneat”restaurantslooklike?A.Veryfat.B.Verytall.C.Verythin.20.Whatisthespeechmainlyabout?A.Thespeaker’sfavouritediet.B.Restaurantsinthespeaker’shometown.C.FastfoodrestaurantsinAmerica.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié),滿分40分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分,滿分30分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出最佳選項。AAfamilyvacationmaybeagoodopportunitytorelaxandenjoyourselves.Destinationsnestledinnaturewithplentyofbreathingroomandeasyaccesstofreshairaretrending.Herearefourdestinationswithaneyetowardsthegreatoutdoors.WoodlochResortConsideringmeals,drinksandactivitiesareallincluded,itisworry-freetotravelatWoodlochResort.Withvastruralgrounds,itslocationandsafetymeasuresmakeiteasytobesociallydistant.Youcansailonthelake,hike,swimorenjoyfamily-friendlygamesandentertainment.Comfortfoodclassicsservedthreetimeseachdayshouldsatisfyevenpickyeaters.OceanLakesFamilyCampground,SouthCarolinaCampingisatime-honoredtradition.Familiesmaybondoversimplepleasuressuchaseatingburgersgrilledoveranopenfireandstargazing.OceanLakesFamilyCampgroundinMyrtleBeach,Hull-OFarms,NewYorkDevelopaconnectiontothelandwhenyoustayonaworkingfarm.Takepartinsimpleagriculturaltaskssuchaspickingfruit,gatheringeggsandmilkingcows.Kidscanenjoytheoutdoorenvironmentwithhealthyfreedomthattheirparentsmightnotbeabletoallowtheminacrowdedcity.Hull-OFarmsisa7th-generationfamilyfarm.Guestsmayreserveoneofthreecomfortablehousesandparticipateinfarmlifeasmuchoraslittleastheyplease.ShenandoahValleyVirginia’sShenandoahValleyisnotfarfromPhiladelphiaandNewYork.You’llfindaslowerpaceasyoutravelalongsceniccountryroadsthroughmountains,valleysandforests.YoucanhikeinShenandoahNationalPark,explorelargecaves?orrentaboatmovingdowntheShenandoah1.Whichdestinationoffersall-inclusiveservice?A.ShenandoahValley. B.WoodlochResort.C.Hull-OFarms. D.Ocean2.WhatisspecialaboutHull-OFarms?A.Peoplecancamponthebeach.B.Peoplecanenjoyallkindsoffoods.C.Peoplecantakepartinfarmlife.D.Peoplecanrowaboatalongtheriver.3.Wherecanthetextbefound?A.Inanovel. B.Inabiography.C.Inafarmingmagazine. D.Inatravelbrochure.【答案】1.B2.C3.D【解析】【導語】本文是應用文，介紹了適合家庭旅游的幾個勝地。【詳解】1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)WoodlochResort,Pennsylvania部分中的“Consideringmeals,drinksandactivitiesareallincluded,itisworry-freetotravelatWoodlochResort.(考慮到飲食，飲料和活動都包括在內(nèi)，在伍德洛克度假村旅游是無憂無慮的。)”可知，WoodlochResort提供包括餐飲和活動的全包式服務。故選B。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Hull-OFarms,NewYork部分中的“Hull-OFarmsisa7th-generationfamilyfarm.Guestsmayreserveoneofthreecomfortablehousesandparticipateinfarmlifeasmuchoraslittleastheyplease.(Hull-O農(nóng)場是第七代家庭農(nóng)場。只要客人們愿意，他們可以預訂三個舒適的房子之一，并參與農(nóng)場生活多少。)”可知，在Hull-OFarms的客人可以體驗農(nóng)場生活。故選C。3.推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Afamilyvacationmaybeagoodopportunitytorelaxandenjoyourselves.Destinationsnestledinnaturewithplentyofbreathingroomandeasyaccesstofreshairaretrending.Herearefourdestinationswithaneyetowardsthegreatoutdoors.(家庭度假可能是一個很好的機會，放松和享受自己。依偎在大自然中的旅游目的地擁有充足的呼吸空間和便于呼吸的新鮮空氣正成為一種趨勢。這里有四個目的地，著眼于偉大的戶外活動。)”可知，本文介紹了適合家庭旅游的幾個勝地。由此可推知，在旅游指南上可以讀到這篇文章。故選D。BNear-deathaccidentsandsummitfailureshavenotsloweddownmountaineerSarayN’kusiKhumalo.TheZambia-bornmotheroftwoholdsacorporatejob,hostsapodcast,hasclimbedsomeofthetallestmountainsaroundtheworld,andstillhasthetimetorunanon-profitorganizationthatfocusesoneducationinAfrica.“Mygrandfatheralwaysusedtosay,‘ifyoudon’tlivealifeofservice,that’salifewasted,”shesaid.In2013,shefoundedSummitsWithAPurposeinSouthAfrica.Witheveryclimb,sheraisesfundstohelpbuildschoolsandlibraries.Khumaloisnotgoingtojustclimbandtakeaselfie.Sheisgoingtoclimbandthenmakeadifference.Notlongafterherfirst-eversummit,sheturnedhereyestowardtheworld’stallestpeak:Mt.Qomolangma,locatedintheHimalayas.Thefirstthreeattemptsweretoughandheart-breakingforKhumalo:Sheexperiencedeverythingfromnaturaldisasterstolosingconsciousnessinthe“deathzone”,Qomolangma’stopstretchover8,000metersabovesealevel,whereoxygenisdangerouslylow.OnMay16,2019—herfourthbid—shesucceeded,becomingthefirstBlackAfricanwomantoreachthesummit.Intotal,onlyeightofthe4,000peoplewho’veeversummitedQomolangmaareBlack.Khumaloishumbledbywhatshe’sachievedsofar,butshenotes,“Idon’tthinkthatI’vebrokenthosestereotypesyet;there’sstillalotmoreworktobedone,”addingthatrepresentationshouldextendbeyondthemountaintops,too.“It’snotjustaboutQomolangma;itisagiftthatweneedtoleaveforthenextgenerationwhereverweare,”shesays,callingonherpeerstostepoutsidetheircomfortzonetoshowthatBlackpeoplebelonginallspaces.4.WhatcanweknowaboutKhumalofromparagraph1?A.Shesuffersfrominjuries. B.Sheisenergetic.C.Shelovesherfamily. D.Sheisstrugglingwithlife.5.WhydidshefoundSummitsWithAPurpose?A.Tomakeherselfrich. B.Tofulfillhergrandfather’swish.C.Toraisefundsforherclimbing. D.TocollectmoneyforAfricaneducation.6.Whatisparagraph3mainlyabout?A.Herlifeexperiences. B.Thesuccessofherclimbing.C.Thehardshipinclimbing. D.TheconditionsoftheQomolangma’stop.7.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthetext?A.Tointroduceamountaineerpioneer. B.Toshowarespectformountaineers.C.Totellthehistoryofmountainclimbing. D.ToattractmorepeopletoconquerMt.Qomolangma.【答案】4.B5.D6.C7.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了登山者SarayN’kusiKhumalo，這位贊比亞出生的兩個孩子的母親在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬過世界上最高的一些山，還有時間經(jīng)營一個專注于非洲教育的非營利性組織。文章介紹了她的個人經(jīng)歷以及取得的成就。【4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“TheZambia-bornmotheroftwoholdsacorporatejob,hostsapodcast,hasclimbedsomeofthetallestmountainsaroundtheworld,andstillhasthetimetorunanon-profitorganizationthatfocusesoneducationinAfrica.(這位贊比亞出生的兩個孩子的母親在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬過世界上最高的一些山，還有時間經(jīng)營一個專注于非洲教育的非營利性組織)”可知，Khumalo精力充沛。故選B。【5題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“In2013,shefoundedSummitsWithAPurposeinSouthAfrica.Witheveryclimb,sheraisesfundstohelpbuildschoolsandlibraries.(2013年，她在南非創(chuàng)立了SummitsWithAPurpose——每次攀登，她都會籌集資金幫助建造學校和圖書館)”可知，她成立SummitsWithAPurpose是為非洲教育籌集資金。故選D。【6題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段“Notlongafterherfirst-eversummit,sheturnedhereyestowardtheworld’stallestpeak:Mt.Qomolangma,locatedintheHimalayas.Thefirstthreeattemptsweretoughandheart-breakingforKhumalo:Sheexperiencedeverythingfromnaturaldisasterstolosingconsciousnessinthe“deathzone”,Qomolangma’stopstretchover8,000metersabovesealevel,whereoxygenisdangerouslylow.(在她第一次登頂后不久，她就把目光投向了世界最高峰：位于喜馬拉雅山脈的珠穆朗瑪峰。前三次嘗試對庫馬洛來說艱難而令人心碎：她經(jīng)歷了從自然災害到在“死亡地帶”失去意識的一切。珠峰的頂峰海拔超過8000米，那里的氧氣含量低得危險)”可知，第三段主要講了攀登的艱辛。故選C。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Near-deathaccidentsandsummitfailureshavenotsloweddownmountaineerSarayN’kusiKhumalo.TheZambia-bornmotheroftwoholdsacorporatejob,hostsapodcast,hasclimbedsomeofthetallestmountainsaroundtheworld,andstillhasthetimetorunanon-profitorganizationthatfocusesoneducationinAfrica.(瀕臨死亡的事故和登頂失敗并沒有讓登山者SarayN’kusiKhumalo放慢腳步。這位贊比亞出生的兩個孩子的母親在一家公司工作，主持播客，爬過世界上最高的一些山，還有時間經(jīng)營一個專注于非洲教育的非營利性組織)”結(jié)合文章介紹了她的個人經(jīng)歷以及取得的成就可推知，作者寫這篇文章的目的是介紹一位登山先鋒。故選A。CManypeopletrytomakesocietychangeforthebetter.Therealchallengeishowtogetgoodsolutionstoscaleup(按比例放大)formajorchange.Newresearchsuggeststhatsocialchangemaydependontherelationshipbetweenbeneficialbehaviorsandpolicies.Theresearch,conductedbytheUniversityofMaine,UniversityofVermontandUniversitéLavalinQuebec,Canada,attemptedtounderstandhowsocietycanaccomplishmajor,transformativesocialchange,particularlythekindofsocialchangenecessarytosolvethegrowingproblemofclimatechange.Theresearchersstudiedabehaviorthatbenefitsgroups,butdoesnotspreadwithoutpol-icysupport,suchasacostlymeasuretorelievetheeffectsofclimatechange.Theycreatedamathematicalmodel,whichsimulates(模擬)asocietywhereagentsliveingroupsandadoptthebeneficialbehaviorofpeers.Thatbehavior,giventherightconditions,canspreadlikeviral,butnotiftheinstitutionalcostsaretoohigh.“Large-scalesocialchangeisnotjustpolicyorbehavior,buttheemergenceofanewself-reinforcing(自我強化)systemthatcombinesboth.Thisallowsustoasknewquestions,suchas“howwouldanewpatternofbehaviorandpolicyspread?’”saysLaurentHébert-Dufresne,leadauthoronthestudy.Theresultsshowedthatbothbehavioralchangeandpolicychangearerequiredtoachievelarge-scalesocialchange-andthattheyneedtohappentogether.Thoughneithercangetthejobdoneonitsownpolicychangeisespeciallycritical.Theyfoundthatsometimesthebeneficialbehaviorcanspreadtoofar.Insomecases,thespreadofbehaviorbeyondgroupswithsupportingpolicycanreduceitsperceivedsuccessandslowthespreadofthepolicy,therebylimitingbeneficialsocialchangeoverall.Infutureresearch,theteamaimstoapplythesetypesofmodelstoallsortsofbeneficialsocialchange,particularlythechallengeoftacklingclimatechange.8.Whatfactormaydeterminesocialchangeaccordingtotheresearch?A.Beneficialbehavior.B.Goodpolicies.C.Publicawareness.D.Rulesandbeneficialaction.9.Whatisthepurposeoftheresearch?A.Tounderstandwhatsocialchangeis.B.Tofigureoutthewaysocietychanges.C.Toaccomplishtrans-formativesocialchanges.D.Totacklethegrowingproblemofclimatechange.10.Whatwilltheresearchersdonext?A.Puttheoryintopractice.B.Writeessaysabouttheirstudy.C.Takechallengesofclimatechange.D.Dosurveysontheirresearchsubject.11.Inwhichsectionmaythetextappearinanewspaper?A.Travel.B.Amusement.C.Society.D.Economy.【答案】8.D9.B10.A11.C【解析】【導語】本文是一篇說明文。本文介紹的是一項研究，該研究的目的是試圖了解社會如何實現(xiàn)重大的、變革性的社會變革，特別是解決日益嚴重的氣候變化問題所必需的那種社會變革。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Newresearchsuggeststhatsocialchangemaydependontherelationshipbetweenbeneficialbehaviorsandpolicies.(新的研究表明，社會變革可能取決于有益行為和政策之間的關系。)”可知，社會變革取決于行為和政策之間的關系。故選D。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theresearch,conductedbytheUniversityofMaine,UniversityofVermontandUniversitéLavalinQuebec,Canada,attemptedtounderstandhowsocietycanaccomplishmajor,transformativesocialchange,particularlythekindofsocialchangenecessarytosolvethegrowingproblemofclimatechange.(這項由緬因州大學、佛蒙特大學和加拿大魁北克省拉瓦爾大學共同開展的研究，試圖了解社會如何實現(xiàn)重大的、變革性的社會變革，特別是解決日益嚴重的氣候變化問題所必需的那種社會變革。)”可知，該項研究的目的是試圖了解社會如何實現(xiàn)重大的、變革性的社會變革即弄清社會的變化。故選B。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Infutureresearch,theteamaimstoapplythesetypesofmodelstoallsortsofbeneficialsocialchange,particularlythechallengeoftacklingclimatechange.(在未來的研究中，該團隊的目標是將這些類型的模型應用于各種有益的社會變革，特別是應對氣候變化的挑戰(zhàn)。)”可知，該研究接下來將把理論付諸于實踐。故選A。【11題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“Theresearch,conductedbytheUniversityofMaine,UniversityofVermontandUniversitéLavalinQuebec,Canada,attemptedtounderstandhowsocietycanaccomplishmajor,transformativesocialchange,particularlythekindofsocialchangenecessarytosolvethegrowingproblemofclimatechange.(這項由緬因州大學、佛蒙特大學和加拿大魁北克省拉瓦爾大學共同開展的研究，試圖了解社會如何實現(xiàn)重大的、變革性的社會變革，特別是解決日益嚴重的氣候變化問題所必需的那種社會變革。)”可知，本文介紹的是一項研究，該研究的目的是試圖了解社會如何實現(xiàn)重大的、變革性的社會變革，特別是解決日益嚴重的氣候變化問題所必需的那種社會變革。由此推斷，本文出自報紙的社會部分。故選C。DTheareaoftropicalforestdestroyedin2021wasenoughtocovertheentireislandofCuba,andsentmorecarbondioxideintotheatmosphereasIndiadoesinanentireyearfromburningfossilfuels,accordingtoananalysispublishedonThursday.Some11.1millionhectares(around43,000squaremiles)offorestwasdestroyed,mainlybylogging(伐木)aswellasfires,theanalysisbytheWorldResourcesInstitute’sGlobalForestWatchandtheUniversityofMarylandfound.Someofthosefiresweredeliberatelylittoclearlandandmanyweredeterioratedbyclimatechange.Thelosswaslessseverethanin2020,butdeforestation(毀林)isstilloccurringatanalarmingrateinthetropics.Ofthearealost,3.75millionhectareswereprimarytropicalforestattheequivalentof10soccerfieldseveryminute,WRIreported.Primarytropicalforestsinparticulararecrucialfortheecologicalbalanceoftheplanet,providingoxygenthatsupportslifeandasbiodiversityhotspots.Theyarealsorichinstoredcarbon,andwhentheseforestsareloggedorburned,theyreleasecarbondioxideintotheatmosphere,contributingtoglobalwarming.“What’simportanttounderstandisthatforests,especiallytropicalforests,arepartoftheglobalclimatesystem,”WRIseniorfellowFrancesSeymourtoldCNN.“Sothey’renotmechanicalcarbonstoragedevices.Theyactuallyinfluencetheenergytransferandthemoisturecontentoftheatmosphereinwaysthataffectrainfallandglobalcirculationpatterns.”“Whendeforestationhappens,whenforestsarelost,itnotonlycontributescarbontotheatmosphere,butalsodisruptsrainfallpatternsandincreaseslocaltemperaturesinsomeways.Forexample,itmakesremainingforestsmorevulnerabletofire,andthewarmer,drierconditionsthatcomewithclimatechange,”Seymoursaid.12.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“deteriorated”inparagraph2?A.strengthenedB.expandedC.worsenedD.extended13.Inwhichaspectareprimarytropicalforestsespeciallyimportant?A.Promotingworldeconomy.B.Balancingtheearth’secology.C.Predictingsevereweather.D.Providingwoodresources.14.WhatdidSeymourtalkaboutinthelastparagraph?A.Theconsequenceofdeforestation.B.Thecauseofforestsloss.C.Themethodsofprotectingforests.D.Thecontributionsofforests.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.LoggingcausesmostforestslossB.AnalystsareconcernedabouttropicforestslossC.PrimarytropicalforestsarerichinstoredcarbonD.Tropicalforestsarebeingdestroyedatanalarmingrate【答案】12.C13.B14.A15.D【解析】【導語】本文是一篇新聞報道。文章報道了伐木和火災導致大面積的熱帶森林被毀，并分析了原始熱帶森林的意義和影響。【12題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線詞前“Someofthosefiresweredeliberatelylittoclearland(其中一些火是故意點燃來清理土地的)”可知，句中在分析森林火災的原因，結(jié)合火災和“climatechange”可知，氣候變化因素會助力火災的發(fā)生，會讓情況變得更糟。與結(jié)合選項，劃線詞deteriorate與worsen意思相近，表示“(使)惡化，(使)更糟”。故選C項。【13題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Primarytropicalforestsinparticulararecrucialfortheecologicalbalanceoftheplanet(原始熱帶森林對地球的生態(tài)平衡尤其重要)”可知，原始熱帶森林在平衡地球生態(tài)方面特別重要。故選B項。【14題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中Seymour的話“Whendeforestationhappens,whenforestsarelost,itnotonlycontributescarbontotheatmosphere,butalsodisruptsrainfallpatternsandincreaseslocaltemperaturesinsomeways.Forexample,itmakesremainingforestsmorevulnerabletofire,andthewarmer,drierconditionsthatcomewithclimatechange,(當森林砍伐發(fā)生時，森林消失，它不僅會向大氣中排放碳，而且還會破壞降雨模式，在某種程度上增加當?shù)氐臏囟取＠纾故Ｓ嗟纳指菀资艿交馂牡挠绊懀瑤戆殡S氣候變化的更溫暖、更干燥的條件)”可知，在最后一段中Seymour談到森林砍伐的后果。故選A項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文可知，本文是一篇新聞報道，文章報道了2021年伐木和火災導致大面積的熱帶森林正以驚人的速度遭到破壞，這會給地球生態(tài)帶來很大的影響。“Tropicalforestsarebeingdestroyedatanalarmingrate(熱帶森林正以驚人的速度遭到破壞)”作為新聞報道標題概括了新聞主要內(nèi)容，同時能抓住讀者眼球，激發(fā)閱讀興趣，是最佳選項。故選D項。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2分,滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容,從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhatisIQ—andhowmuchdoesitmatter?____16____Inshort,itissupposedtomeasurehowwellsomeonecanuseinformationandlogictoanswerquestionsormakepredictions.IQtestsbegintoassessthisbymeasuringshort-andlong-termmemory.Theyalsomeasurehowwellpeoplecansolvepuzzlesandrecallinformationthey’veheard—andhowquickly.____17____Butsomestudentsstruggleinschoolbecauseofaweaknessinonespecificareaofintelligence.Thesestudentsoftenbenefitfromspecialeducationprograms.There,theygetextrahelpintheareaswherethey’restruggling.IQtestscanhelpteachersfigureoutwhichstudentswouldbenefitfromsuchextrahelp.IQtestscanalsohelpidentifystudentswhowoulddowellinfast-paced“giftededucation”programs.____18____AndtheUSgovernmentusesIQtestswhenchoosingwhotohire.Thesetestshelppredictwhichpeoplewouldmakegoodleaders,orbebetteratcertainspecificskills.____19____Mostnon-expertsthinkintelligenceisthereasonwhysuccessfulpeopledosowell.Psychologistswhostudyintelligencefindthisisonlypartlytrue.IQtestscanpredicthowwellpeoplewilldoinparticularsituations,suchasthinkingabstractlyinscience,nearingorart.orlendingteamsofpeople.Butthere’smoretothestory.Extraordinaryachievementdependsonmanythings.Andthoseextracategoriesincludeambition,persistence,opportunitytheabilitytothinkdearly—evenluck.____20____A.IQplaysaroleinhowsuccessfulwebecome.B.IQisameasureofaperson’sreasoningability.C.Everystudentcanlearn,nomatterhowintelligent.D.Intelligencehelps,butsodoesinterestandpatience.E.It’stemptingforpeopletoreadalotintosomeone’sIQscore.F.Inaword,intelligencematters,butnotasmuchasyoumightthink.G.ManycollegesanduniversitiesalsouseexamssimilartoIQteststoselectstudents.【答案】16.B17.C18.G19.E20.F【解析】【導語】本文是說明文。主要介紹了智商對成功有一定的作用，但并沒有你想象的那么重要。【詳解】1.上文“WhatisIQ—andhowmuchdoesitmatter?(什么是智商？它有多重要？)”提出什么是智商，空處應該對此做出回答，B項“智商是衡量一個人推理能力的標準”符合語境。故選B。

2.由下文“Butsomestudentsstruggleinschoolbecauseofaweaknessinonespecificareaofintelligence.(但有些學生在學校里表現(xiàn)不佳，是因為他們在某個特定的智力領域存在缺陷)”的“But”可知，前后是轉(zhuǎn)折關系，C項“不管多聰明，每個學生都能學習”符合，與下文構(gòu)成轉(zhuǎn)折關系，表明每個學生都能學習，有聰明的地方，但存在某個特定的智力領域缺陷。故選C。3.上文“IQtestscanalsohelpidentifystudentswhowoulddowellinfast-paced“giftededucation”programs.(智商測試還可以幫助識別那些在快節(jié)奏的“資優(yōu)教育”項目中表現(xiàn)出色的學生。)”說明智商測驗的用途，空處應該承接上文，繼續(xù)對此進行介紹，G項“許多學院和大學也使用類似于智商測試的考試來選擇學生。”符合語境。故選G。4.下文“Mostnon-expertsthinkintelligenceisthereasonwhysuccessfulpeopledosowell.(大多數(shù)非專業(yè)人士認為，智力是成功人士表現(xiàn)如此出色的原因。)”指出人們對別人的智商進行了一些解讀，E項“人們很容易對別人的智商評分進行過多解讀。”符合，下文中的“Mostnon-experts”與E項中的“people”相呼應。故選E。5.上文“Butthere’smoretothestory.Extraordinaryachievementdependsonmanythings.Andthoseextracategoriesincludeambition,persistence,opportunitytheabilitytothinkdearly—evenluck.(但事情遠不止如此。非凡的成就取決于很多因素。這些額外的類別包括雄心壯志、堅持不懈、有機會深入思考的能力——甚至是運氣。)”指出成就的取得由很多因素造成，智力并不是最重要的，由此可知，空處應該承接上文，F(xiàn)項“總之，智力很重要，但并沒有你想象的那么重要”總結(jié)上文，符合語境。故選F。第三部分語言知識運用(共兩節(jié),滿分45分)第一節(jié)(共20小題;每小題1.5分,滿分30分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中,選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。TommyPrice,27,wasrunningthroughHallsFellRidgeintheLakeDistrictwithhisfriendMaxSaleh,26.___21___,thelifeguard’srunwasstoppedwhenhesufferedalife-threateningepisode(發(fā)病)-findinghimselffacedownonthe___22___Temperatureshadbeenat___23___pointalldaywithstrongwindsandsnowasTommytookaturnforthe___24___.Asthepair’sphoneswereshortofbattery,Maxmadethebrave___25___toputTommyinanemergencysurvivalbagandrunforhelp.WhenMax___26___hisbestfriend,hewasclinicallydeadforuptothreehoursand20minutes.Tommysufferedasuddencardiacarrest(心臟驟停)causedbysevere___27___temperatureashisbodytemperaturedroppedbelow19°ConJanuary6.KeswickMountainRescueTeam___28___Max’sraisedalarmandwenttoinvestigate,armedwithwarm___29___andsnacks.Around20minutesupHall’sFell,tworespondersdiscoveredTommy’ssurvival___30___empty.Theycontinuedtofindhimlyingface___31___furtherupthetrailandunresponsive.Theyfoundthemanwas___32___toallappearances.ButtheydidalltheycouldtotreatTommy.Alongwithateamdoctor,they___33___himtoahospitalinNewcastle.Fivedayslaterhe___34___,askingwhathadhappenedandwantingaglassofcoke.Tommyhasmadeagood___35___,buthehasseverenervedamageinhishandsandfeet.HeisnowrunningtheLondonMarathoninOctoberto___36___moneyforKeswickMountainRescueandtheteamwhosavedhislife.Hethankedhis___37___verymuch.Hesaid,“Ifitweren’tforMaxgettingdownthe___38___andgettingMRTtomeassoonaspossible,whoknowsifI’dbeheretoday.”Therescuershave___39___daringrunnerstoalwayspackspareclothesandasurvivalbagifrunninginextremeconditions-callingita___40___oflifeordeath.21.A.Instead B.However C.Therefore D.Thus22.A.ground B.bed C.air D.water23.A.boiling B.turning C.freezing D.folding24.A.future B.past C.better D.worse25.A.explanation B.decision C.preparation D.promise26.A.deserted B.met C.left D.lost27.A.hot B.cold C.high D.low28.A.received B.ignored C.heard D.witnessed29.A.clothes B.hats C.socks D.trousers30.A.place B.bag C.wallet D.material31.A.in B.up C.out D.down32.A.helpless B.homeless C.lifeless D.hopeless33.A.led B.rushed C.accompanied D.pulled34.A.laydown B.cameover C.gotup D.wokeup35.A.recovery B.examination C.comment D.ending36.A.spend B.earn C.raise D.save37.A.friend B.doctor C.team D.family38.A.town B.village C.city D.mountain39.A.threatened B.urged C.allowed D.ordered40.A.time B.way C.matter D.question【答案】21.B22.A23.C24.D25.B26.C27.D28.A29.A30.B31.D32.C33.B34.D35.A36.C37.A38.D39.B40.C【解析】【導語】這是一篇記敘文。27歲的TommyPrice和他26歲的朋友MaxSaleh在湖區(qū)的霍爾菲爾嶺跑步，結(jié)果Tommy出了事生命垂危，多虧了他的朋友Max下山求救，Tommy才撿回一條命。【21題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當這個救生員發(fā)現(xiàn)自己臉朝下倒在地上，生命垂危時，他停止了奔跑。A.Instead相反；B.However然而；C.Therefore因此；D.Thus因此。結(jié)合前后文語境可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，應用however。故選B。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：然而，當這個救生員發(fā)現(xiàn)自己臉朝下倒在地上，生命垂危時，他停止了奔跑。A.ground地面；B.bed床；C.air空氣；D.water水。根據(jù)上文“findinghimselffacedown”可知，是臉朝下，倒在地上。故選A。【23題詳解】考查形容詞和名詞詞義辨析。句意：氣溫一整天都在冰點，刮著大風，下著雪，Tommy的情況開始惡化。A.boiling沸騰的；B.turning轉(zhuǎn)彎；C.freezing冰凍的；D.folding可折疊的。根據(jù)后文“alldaywithstrongwindsandsnow”可知，氣溫一整天都在冰點，刮著大風，下著雪，Tommy的情況開始惡化。故選C。【24題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：氣溫一整天都在冰點，刮著大風，下著雪，Tommy的情況開始惡化。A.future未來；B.past過去；C.better更好的事物；D.worse更差的事物。結(jié)合上文可知，天氣情況不好，Tommy的情況開始惡化。故選D。【25題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：由于兩人的手機都快沒電了，Max做了一個勇敢的決定——把Tommy放進一個緊急救生包里，然后跑去尋求幫助。A.explanation解釋；B.decision決定；C.preparation準備；D.promise承諾。根據(jù)后文“toputTommyinanemergencysurvivalbagandrunforhelp”可知，由于兩人的手機都快沒電了，Max做了一個勇敢的決定——把Tommy放進一個緊急救生包里，然后跑去尋求幫助。故選B。【26題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：當Max離開他最好的朋友時，他在臨床上死亡長達3小時20分鐘。A.deserted拋棄；B.met遇見；C.left離開；D.lost失去。根據(jù)上文“toputTommyinanemergencysurvivalbagandrunforhelp.”可知，Max離開了Tommy去求救。故選C。【27題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：1月6日，Tommy的體溫降至19℃以下，嚴重低溫導致他心臟驟停。A.hot熱的；B.cold寒冷的；C.high高的；D.low低的。根據(jù)后文“ashisbodytemperaturedroppedbelow19°C”可知，低溫導致心臟驟停。故選D。【28題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：Keswick山地救援隊接到Max發(fā)出的警報，帶著暖和的衣服和零食前去調(diào)查。A.received收到；B.ignored忽視；C.heard聽見；D.witnessed目擊。根據(jù)后文“Max’sraisedalarm”指接到發(fā)出的警報。故選A。【29題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Keswick山地救援隊接到Max發(fā)出的警報，帶著暖和的衣服和零食前去調(diào)查。A.clothes衣服；B.hats帽子；C.socks襪子；D.trousers褲子。上文提到氣溫很低，所以是帶著衣服去調(diào)查。故選A。【30題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：大約20分鐘后，兩名救援人員發(fā)現(xiàn)Tommy的救生袋是空的。A.place地方；B.bag包；C.wallet錢包；D.material材料。對應上文“inanemergencysurvivalbag”提到的救生袋。故選B。【31題詳解】考查介詞詞義辨析。句意：他們繼續(xù)發(fā)現(xiàn)他臉朝下躺在小路上，沒有反應。A.in在里面；B.up向上；C.out出去；D.down向下。呼應上文“findinghimselffacedownonthe”指臉朝下，故選D。【32題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那人看上去毫無生氣。A.helpless絕望的；B.homeless無家可歸的；C.lifeless無生命的；D.hopeless絕望的。根據(jù)后文“ButtheydidalltheycouldtotreatTommy.”可知，but表示轉(zhuǎn)折，說明他們發(fā)現(xiàn)那人看上去毫無生氣。故選C。【33題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：在隊醫(yī)的陪同下，他們迅速將他送往紐卡斯爾的一家醫(yī)院。A.led帶領；B.rushed快速運送；C.accompanied陪伴；D.pulled拉。根據(jù)上文“Theyfoundthemanwas12toallappearances.”和后文“himtoahospitalinNewcastle”指醫(yī)療隊急忙把沒有生命跡象的Tommy送去醫(yī)院。故選B。【34題詳解】考查動詞短語辨析。句意：五天后，他醒來，問發(fā)生了什么事，并想要一杯可樂。A.laydown放下；B.cameover順便來訪；C.gotup起床；D.wokeup醒來。根據(jù)后文“askingwhathadhappenedandwantingaglassofcoke”可知，他醒來了。故選D。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：Tommy恢復得很好，但他手腳的神經(jīng)嚴重受損。A.recovery恢復；B.examination檢查；C.comment評論；D.ending結(jié)局。根據(jù)上文提到要喝可樂以及后文“buthehasseverenervedamageinhishandsandfeet.”可知，Tommy恢復得很好，但他手腳的神經(jīng)嚴重受損。故選A。【36題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：他現(xiàn)在正在參加10月份的倫敦馬拉松，為Keswick山地救援隊和救過他一命的團隊籌集資金。A.spend花費；B.earn賺得；C.raise籌集；