英語科技文選

串講主講人:張之俊第1頁第1頁參考教材：

李碧嘉主編：《英語科技文選》梁惠茹：《英語科技文選一考通》串講方式：I.Affix（涉及考試第一題）II.KeyWordsandPhrases（涉及考試第二和第三題）III.Translation

（涉及翻譯）

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Unit1I.Affixunknowableknowableirrelevantrelevantactinteractunpredictablepredictableinstinctinstinctivelydelusiondelusiveexcelexcellentaccelerateacceleratorgamblegamblersightinsightregularirregular第3頁第3頁

conceptionmisconceptionaccessaccessiblecirculatecirculationcounselcounsellortressdistressdowndowncastimportimportationmythmythicalobserveobservatoryfoundprofoundsurrectresurrect

第4頁第4頁II.keywordsandphrases（PartA）1.That

bias

canleadto

misconceptionsabouttheworldaroundus.2.Theknownispressedonusfromthefirst.3.Thefrontiersofknowledge,whereitbordersontheunknown,seemsfarawayandirrelevant,separatedfromusbyanapparentlyendlessexpanseoftheknown.4.Wedonotseethatwemaybeproceedingdownanarrowpathofknowledgeandthatifwelookslightlyleftorrightwewillbestaringdirectlyattheunknown.5.Evenwhenwearerightontheedgeoftheunknown,wemaynotbeaware

of

it.6.…theeventssovividlydescribedareallbasedonthewritings…7.…itisunknownandinallprobabilitycanneverbeknown.第5頁第5頁8.Butwedidnotthinkofhisaccountsas

fragmentsofknowledgeontheedgeoftheunknown…9.Beyondthecurrentlyunknownarethethingsthatare

inherentlyunknowable.10.Fewunknowables

areconsciouslyrecognizedassuch.11.…webumpintophenomenathatmaywellbeunknowable…12.Brokers

makealivinganticipatingthefluctuationsofstockprices.13.Presidentsrunforofficebasedonclaimsofwhattheywilldo…14.Nordopeopletrytopredicttheautomobileaccidentstheywillbeinvolved

in.15.Therollofabowlingballdownanalley,forinstance,iseasiertopredictthanthemotionofanirregularstonetumblingdownaroughhillside.16.Itisincreatingtheartificialandcontrollablethatscienceexcels.17.…repletewithhugebridges,trucks,airplanes…第6頁第6頁18.Largepiecesofsoftware,astheyareexpandedandamended,candevelopadegreeofcomplexityreminiscentofnaturalobjects…19.Andsecond,embedded

withinourincreasinglyartificialworldwillbelargenumbersofcomplexandthoroughlyidiosyncratichumans.PartB

1.auniquesynthesisof2.reston/upon3.tobeignorantof4.tobeincreasinglydazzledby5.aperiodofamnesia6.awestruck7.theimportationfrom8.tostayonhorseback第7頁第7頁9.indistress10.bring…toanend11.tobeshatteredby12.take…forgranted13.tofeelinferiorordowncast14.farapart15.tobeinextricablefused16.losesightof17.abiochemistofconsiderabledistinction18.befriendsomeChinesestudents19.passontoherhisunusuallyprofoundknowledgeofthehistoryofChinesescience.第8頁第8頁20.tobeobsessedwith21.setaboutlearningthelanguage22.withreferenceto23.bynomeans24.haveawidebearingonthegeneralhistoryofthoughtandideas25.embarkon26.cannotafford27.losehisearlyvisionof28.makehisworkmoreaccessibleineverypossibleway29.accomplishhimself30.tobefullyoccupied31.tobeassociatedwithhim第9頁第9頁IIITranslationIndistinguishingtheknownortheunknownfromtheunknowable,thelevelofdetailcanbedecisive.Thelevelofdetailiswhatseparatesthedelusionofthegamblerfromthewealthofthecasinoowner.Thegamblerattemptstopredicttheindividualandunpredictablespinsoftheroulettewheel;theownerconcernshimselfwiththequitepredictableaverageoutcome.（在把已知、未知及不可知三者區別開時候，細節程度起著決定性作用。細節程度就是將賭博者錯覺同賭場主任財富分離開，賭博者企圖預測個人和不可預測輪盤賭回旋轉，而賭場主人則關懷可預測通常結果。）第10頁第10頁Unit2I.Affixdistortiondistortmetricnonmetricquantitativenonquantitativeimplausibleplausibleintuitiveintuitionfictitiousfictiondeformdeformedpermanenceimpermanencevariantinvariantcelebratecelebratedcustomcustomary第11頁第11頁empiricalempiricismsufficientsufficeoveroverlappingproposepropositiontheorytheoremtransformtransformationcontinuecontinuitydifferentdifferentialformulateformulationsectintersectmeterperimeter第12頁第12頁polygonpolygonalcircularsemicircularinscribeinscriptionapproximateapproximationcomputecomputerlengthylengthrefinerefinementextendextension第13頁第13頁II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.Itdealswithfundamentalgeometricpropertiesthatareunaffected…2.Itspropositionshold

aswellforobjectsmadeofrubberasfortherigidfiguresencounteredinmetricgeometry3.…itdelvesintostrangeimplausibleshapes…4.Aworldmadeupentirelyoferraticelectricalgyrationsincurvedspacerequiresabizarremathematicstodoitjustice.5.Inordinarygeometrymetricpropertiesaresaidtobeinvariantunderthetransformationofmotion.6.…mypenretainsitsdimensionsasitmovesoverthepaper,thisbookneithershrinksnorexpandsasthereaderturnsitspapers.7.Ifatriangleisstretchedintoacircle,whichofitsgeometricpropertiesareretained?8.Theoriginsoftopologygobacktomajordiscoveries…第14頁第14頁9.…Vstandsforvertices,Eforedges,Fforfaces.10.Itiseasytoseethatnosmallernumberofcolorswillsufficeforallcases.PartB1.dueinlargepartto…2.portionalto6.moreorless7.revolvearound8.nexttoimpossible9tobetransformedinto10.tobecarriedout第15頁第15頁III.TranslationTypologyseemsaqueersubject;itdelvesintostrangeimplausibleshapes

anditspropositionsareeitherchildishlyobvious（thatis,untilyoutrytoprovethem）orsodifficultandabstractthatnotevenatopologistcanexplaintheirintuitivemeaning.Buttopologyisnoqueererthanthephysicalworldaswenowinterpretit.（拓撲學表面看來是一門奇特學問；它探求都是難以些奇怪難以置信圖形，它定理要么是明顯地帶股孩子氣（除非你想證實它），要么非常困難和抽象，即使一個拓撲學家也不也許憑知覺解釋清它們意義。）第16頁第16頁Unit3I.Affixeludeelusiveallotallotmentmanipulatemanipulationrecurrecurrenceinhereinherentambiguityambiguousirreversibilityreversibilitychronologychronologicalvisitvisitationmarkremarkableoptoption第17頁第17頁seasonseasonalhierarchyhierarchicalguaranteeguarantorcyclecyclicalfoldunfoldperiodperiodicalcoherecoherentfichemicrofichephotophotographyholepinholepropelpropellerimposesuperimposecannyuncannywavewavelength第18頁第18頁II.Keywordsandphrases（PartA）1.…almostallthephysicalvaluesoftheworldaroundussubmittoourmanipulations.2.Itisimpossibletocutoutasegmentoftimeandcompareitwithanothersegmenttakenfromsomewhereelse.3.…whichwecanmanipulateandwhichrecursinidenticalfashion.4.…thereisanotherproblemwhichstemsfromtheambiguityofwhatisbeingmeasured.5.…notionswhichgiveasenseoftheirreversibilityofthemarchoftime.6.Measuringtimealsoimpliessituatingeventsinrelationtoeachother,inotherwords,datingthem.7.…takesfourminutesshortoftwenty-fourhours.8.ThismovementputtheSunalittlemoreoutofphasewiththestarseachday…第19頁第19頁9.Theywereusedtoestablishacalendarbasedonalunarmonth…10.TheEgyptians,whoselifewaslinkedtothefloodingoftheNile,optedforanannualcalendarwithayearofexactly365days.11.Thusthecivil(calendar)yearonlycoincidedwiththesolaryearonceevery1,460years.12.Thisputgreatpowerintothehandsofthereligiousorpoliticalhierarchy…13.Italsomakespossibletheestablishmentofachronologyattributing

toeacheventadateandaprecisepositionintheunfoldingtime第20頁第20頁PartB1.reachout2.bounceoff3.inphase4.outofstep5.fromallangles6.vantagepoint7.underway8.defect-free第21頁第21頁III.TranslationAlmostallcivilizationshavebasedtheircalendarsoneitherthelunarmonthorthesolaryear,despitetheinherentdifficultythattheyearisnotmadeupofanexactnumberoflunarmonths.Eachcivilizationthusinventeditsownmoreorlessfixed,moreorlessarbitrary,systemofadjustment.Thisputgreatpowerintothehandsofthereligiousorpoliticalhierarchywhichtookthisdecision.Althoughtodaytheseadjustmentsarenolongerarbitrary,thevarietyofcalendarsanofculturesthattheyreflectremains.（幾乎全部文明社會都以月亮月或太陽年為基礎來建立年歷，盡管存在著一年不是由準確數目標月亮月組成這一固有難題。但每個文明社會都創造了自己或多或少固定，或多或少任意性調整體系，這使宗教或政治集團有很大權利做出決定。即使今天這些調整不再是武斷，但它們所反應年歷和文化不同仍保留下來。）第22頁第22頁Unit4I.Affixresponserespondrestorerestorationatomatomicmoleculemolecularbreathbreatheelucidateelucidationmoleculemacromoleculesubdividesubdivisionorganicinorganictopicsubtopicroutineroutinely第23頁第23頁qualityqualitativequantityquantitativedisciplinecross-disciplineplayinterplayproductionproductivestimulatestimulationdentdentalcompassencompassstuffdyestuffflameflammableforcereinforcesocksockettabletableware

第24頁第24頁II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.Iaskstudentstofilloutaninformationsheet.2.…agreatmanypeoplewhoaren’tchemistshavetobefamiliarwiththefundamentalsofchemistry…3.Chemistryhasbeensubdividedintofourareas.4.Physicalchemistsinvestigatebothorganicaninorganicsubstancesandthechemistsinallareasmakeuseofthetheoriesandtechniques…5.Theworkofchemistscanalsobedescribedaseitherexperimentalortheoretical.6.…thetheoryhastobediscardedandanewproposalputforth.7.…butmoreoftenchemistsspecializeinoneortheotheroftheseareas.8.Noexperimentalchemist,however,canaffordtobeignorantofthetheories…第25頁第25頁PartB1.heeventof11.giveoff(anytoxicgas)12.rangefrom13.installedwith第26頁第26頁III.TranslationChemistryhastraditionallybeensubdividedintofourareas:organic,inorganic,analytical,andphysicalchemistry.Organicchemistryisthestudyofthecompoundsofasingleelement,carbon;inorganicchemistryisthestudyofcompoundsofalltheotherelements.Thesedivisionshaveblurredsomewhatinrecentyearandtheresubtopics,suchasorganometallicchemistry,beinginvestigatedbybothorganicandinorganicchemists.（化學被老式地分為四個領域：有機化學、無機化學、分析化學和物理化學。有機化學是研究一個元素碳化合物科學。無機化學是研究所有其它元素化合物學科。這些劃分在近些年來已變得模糊起來，并且有些副主題,諸如金屬有機化合物化學被有機和無機化學家們共同研究。）第27頁第27頁Unit5I.Affix

persistentpersistconvertconversionpointpinpointneurologyneurologicalabilitydisabilitysensenonsenseactactivationcomparecomparableconceiveconceivabletimetimelessefficientdeficient第28頁第28頁

functionfunctionallowerlowercasetangleuntanglecaseuppercasenormalabnormalcertifycertifiedcompanioncompanionshipcovercoveragelistenlistpatientimpatientcurrentintercurrentpersonalinterpersonalweighoutweighpalliatepalliativelongprolong第29頁第29頁II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.…20percentofAmericanshavepersistenttroubleconvertinglettersonapageintosounds.2.…whysomanyperfectlysmartpeoplehavetroublelearningtoread.3.…howsheandherhusbandendedupdiscoveringsexdifferences…4.…theskillthatmostpeoplewithreadingdisabilitiesaredeficientin.5.Inbothsexes,tryingtorecognizerhymesledtoincreasedbloodflow…6.…whichhaslongbeenlinkedtolanguageability.7.…theworkwasjustspreadoutmore.8.…knowsforsurewhatthedifferencetheydetectedmeans.9.Doesitrelateinanywaytotheobservationthatwomenarelesslikelytoloselanguageability…10.Tothefactthatwomentendtodobetteronteststhatmeasureverbalfluency.第30頁第30頁11.…it’sworthemphasizing…12.…conceivablyitcouldresultfromdifferencesinupbringing.13.…becausetheyprocesslettersintosoundsonbothsidesofthebrain.PartB1.dedicatedto2.life-prolongingcare3.terminalillnesses4.predominatein5.applicableto6.benefitfrom7.continuinginvolvementwith8.responsiblefor/to第31頁第31頁9.inchargeof10.carryout11.accessto12.errandrunning13.terminalcare14.associatedwith15.underlyingillness16.ruleofthumb17.outweighedby第32頁第32頁III.Translation

Menandwomenshowedadifferenceinbrainuseonlyontherhymingtask.Inbothsexes,tryingtorecognizerhymesledtoincreasedbloodflowintheinferiorfrontalgyrusofthelefthemisphereBroca’sarea,asit’scommonlycalledwhichhaslongbeenlinkedtolanguageability.（男性和女性在使用大腦方面只有在押韻一項任務上有所差別。對于他們兩性來說，辨認韻律都會造成大腦左半球下前回血流加快－－－這就是人們常說布洛卡區－－－人們始終認為這個區域和語言能力相關。）第33頁第33頁Unit6I.Affixgenegeneticsplanetplanetaryevolveevolutionsightinsightstrikestrikingravelunravelemergeemergencerevolutionrevolutionaryhumanhumanityreproducereproduction第34頁第34頁bewilderbewildermentcreditincrediblematchmismatchequalityinequalityprovideprovisioncompatibleincompatiblejustifyjustificationmarklandmarkmentalmentalityspringoffspringconstituteconstitutional第35頁第35頁diversifydiversificationbiologyneurobiologyplanttransplantbreathbreathtakingconvergeconvergencecultureculturednutritionmalnutritionbiologymicrobiologycombinantrecombinant第36頁第36頁II.KeyWordsandPhrases1.Confrontedwiththeupheavalsduetotheprocessofgenetics…2.Therearestagesinthehistoryofsciencewhenknowledgetakessuchgreat

stepsforwardthatourunderstandingoftheworldiscompletelytransformed.3.…byinfluencingthediversificationofanimalspeciestocaterfortheirownneeds,humanbeingshavealwaysbeeninvolvedingeneticswithoutrealizingit.4.Theseinsightswerelaterborneoutbytheobservations…5.…eventhoughhedidnothaveacleargraspoftheideaofgenesandnevermadeexplicitreferencetothem.6.…geneticsasanindependentscientificdisciplinereallycameintoitsown.7.…humanbeingsnowhaveaccesstoknowledgeabouttheirownlifemechanisms…8.…asaresultofgeneticengineering,theycantakestepstoalterthehumangenome.9.…peoplearenowfacedwiththehardfactsabouttheircondition.第37頁第37頁10.Theexplanationoflife,andofhumanlifeinparticular,iscapableofbringingaboutapreciselyprogrammedtransformationofhumanbeings.11.Itresultsfromtechniquesthatarealreadybeingused…12.Eventuallyweshallbeableto“humanize”animalsbyinjectingthemwithhumangenesfortransplantationpurposes,sothattheirorganswillbecomecompatiblewiththebodyofthepersonreceivingthetransplant.13.Buttheterriblequestionarisesastowhetherthereisatabooonapplyingtransgenesistothehumanspecies,eventhoughtheremightbeatherapeuticjustificationfordoingso.14.…wecanseecaseofcountriesintheforefrontofresearchwherethereisagrowingmismatchbetweenthewealthofnewpossibilitiesbeingofferedbyscienceandpeople’smentalitiesandwaysoflifeandtheirviewoftheworld.15.…themediapasson

informationaboutscientificdiscoveriestothepublic.16.…theyhadtogothroughaprocessofverification,publicationanddiscussionwithinthescientificcommunity.第38頁第38頁17.Particularemphasisshouldbelaidontwoareasofthinking.18.Thefirstisboundupwiththeconcentrationofresearchintheindustrialcountries,whichisgivingrisetoeconomicandsocio-culturalimbalances.19.Sciencedoesnotrelieveusofourresponsibilityasindividualsandmembersofthehumanfamily…PartB1.recently-quoted2.shakenupwith3.givesolutionto4.inshortsupply5.initstruesense6.spellsuccess第39頁第39頁7.crosstheinterdisciplinaryboundaries8.keep…inmind9.expose…to10.citenumerousexamples第40頁第40頁III.TranslationResearchonthehumangenomehasimplicationsthatarenotexclusivelyscientificormedical.Theyleadontoapplicationswhichaffectallaspectsofpeople’slives,whetheritbeprivatelife（theirchoiceoflife-stylesandconsumptionpatterns;theirperceptionoftheirgenetic“identity”）;familylife（theplanspeoplemakeascouplesorparents;theirrelationswithotherfamilymembers）;orlifeasmembersofsociety（healthprotectionandaccesstomedicalcare;theavailabilityofjobsorstateorprivatehealthinsurance;provisionforchildren’seducation,andsoon.）.研究人類染色體組不但僅在科學或醫學方面故意義，它們應用能夠影響到人類生活方方面面。無論是個人生活（生活方式及消費方式選擇；他們對遺傳特性感知）；家庭生活（人們結婚及生育計劃；他們與其它家庭組員關系）；社會生活（健康保障和醫療保??；工作言論及個人健康保險也許；孩子受教育權利等等。）第41頁第41頁Unit7I.Affixsophisticatedsophisticationproduceproductivityaffordaffordablenourishmalnourishjeopardyjeopardizesustainsustainablediscriminateindiscriminateavailableunavailablehardhardytilltillageerodeerosion第42頁第42頁breedcrossbreedengineeringbioengineeringmassamassfoodfoodstuffrunnerforerunnerpestpesticiderequisiteprerequisitecultureaquaculturehabitcohabitdwelldwellerfishfisherylandwetland第43頁第43頁II.

KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.Farmerswillhavetoconfrontformidablechallenges…2.Thatcomplexgoalshouldbewithinreachofrichercountries…3.Butitwillsurelybeadauntingtaskinthedevelopingworld…4.…agriculturenowoccupiesupto80percentoftheworkforce…5.Advancesinagriculturethusbecomeaprerequisiteforachievingnearlyallsocialgoals…6.Themanyagriculturaltechnologiesinusetodayallemergedfromscientificresearch.7.…povertyfrequentlycausesfarmerstojeopardizethehealthoftheenvironment.8.Theanswer,simplyput,isbyfosteringthepracticeofsustainableagriculture.9.…itisfarmingthatmeetsrisingdemandsovertheindefinitefutureateconomic,environmentalandothersocialcostsconsistentwithrisingincomes.10.weconcentratehereonjustafewofitsmoretechnologicalaspects.第44頁第44頁11.…insectsanddiseaseslurkandthreatencrops.12.Everycultivatedfieldintheworldalsoharborsweeds…13.Butconcernforenvironmentalstandardsinrichercountriesisbeginningtodecreasetheiruse.14.…whentheirpatentsrunout,thecostofcomplyingwithenvironmentalregulationsinmarketingtheseproductsmayexceedtheprofitsthatmightotherwiseaccruetotheirmanufacturers.15.Awidearrayofalternativemeasurescanbebroughtinforsupport.16.Theterm‘integratedpestmanagement’capturesthatnotion.17.Itreferstothecombinationofusinghardyplants,croprotations,tillagepractices…18.Integratedpestmanagementdrawsonthefundamentalknowledgeofplantandinsectbiologyamassedbybotanistsandentomologists.19.…thesesubstancescanbeusedtointerferewiththenormalreproductivecycleofcommonpests…第45頁第45頁20.Comingadvanceswillundoubtedlymakesuchcarefullytailoredinsectcontroltechniquesmorewidelyavailabletoknowledgeablefarmers,whocanthenincorporatethemasstandardroutines.21.…researcherswillcontinuetoturnoutahostofcleverinventions...22.…futureeffortswillprovideaspectrumofpracticalstrategiesforeffectivepestcontrol.23.Conventionalplantbreedingnowboostsyieldsbyroughly1percentannually.24.Weexpectthatgeneticmanipulationwillaugmentconventionalbreeding…25.…towithstanddiseasesorpests…26.weareoptimisticaboutseeingthesetechniquesincreasetheyieldoffoodcrops…27.…theymayhelpboostproductivityonsomeofthedevelopingworld’smarginallands.28.Effortsinpromotinghostplantresistancewillbenefitalsofromnewinsights

intothemolecularbiologyofviruses.29.Weexpectthatduringthenextfewdecadesgeneticengineeringwillbecome

apowerfuladditiontoprovedplant-breedingstrategies.第46頁第46頁PartB1.atitshighestrecordedlevel2.ingreatdemand3.indangerof4.shrinkingsupply5.topproducers6.sotospeak7.centeron8.contendwith9.cohabitinproximity10.susceptibleto11.wipeout12.emanatefrom第47頁第47頁13.genepool14.alleviatethedemandfor15.thediminishingwildstock16.takepressureoff第48頁第48頁III.TranslationGlobalconsumptionoffishisatitshighestrecordedlevelandisstillgrowing.Allformsofwaterdwellers,fromfinfishtocrustaceans,areingreatdemand.Atthesametime,however,scientistsandfisheriesexpertsarenoticingaslowbutworrisomedeclineinpiscinepopulations:itappearstheoceansareindangerofdepletionbecauseofpoormanagementpracticesestablisheddecadesagoandtechnologiesthatpermitgargantuancatches.（全球魚類消費量已處于創統計最高水平，并且還在增長。各種形式水產品，從有鰭魚類到甲殼綱需求量均很大。但是同時科學家和魚類專家都發覺魚類數量在緩慢但令人擔憂地下降：這種情況表明海洋正處于枯竭危險中。這是由于過去數十年間缺乏合理管理辦法，并且技術發展又造成過度捕撈。）第49頁第49頁Unit8I.Affixheightheightendifferentdifferentiateharmonyharmoniouswayarchwaysensesensoryfootunderfootmodulemodularcircularsemicirculardesigndesignatestair—stairwayholdthreshold

第50頁第50頁classclassicfillinfilllonglongitudelongitudelongitudinalmasonmasonryplaneplanetariumwoodplywoodreinforcereinforcementseamseamlessskyskylightconscioussubconsciousassumingunassumingworkworkable第51頁第51頁II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.…eachactormomentoftimeisprecededbyapreviousexperienceandbecomesthethresholdfortheexperiencetocome.2.…architecturetakesitsplacewiththeartsofpoetryandmusic,inwhichnosinglepartcanbeconsideredexceptinrelationtowhatimmediatelyprecedesorfollowsit.3.…thedimensionsoftheirdesignsshouldencompassthewholeofaday,thewholeofacity.4.…thiseffectisacontinuous,unbrokenflowofimpressionsthatassaulttheirsensesastheymovethroughit.5.Itisthefailureofthearchitecttoprojecthimselfintothemindandspiritofthepeople…6.…allareimportantinthecumulativeeffect.第52頁第52頁7.Underlyingitallisthemodularrhythmoffootsteps,theunchangingmeasureofspacesinceearliestcivilization.8.Thereisthemuscularefforttocrossacourt,forinstance,ortheexhilaration

inducedbytheprospectofascendingordescendingastairway.9.Onlythroughendlesswalkingcanthedesignerabsorbintohisbeingthetruescaleofurbanspaces.10.Atthefootofthemountainsarethirteenpavilions…11.…sosuperblyplacedthattheybringintoplay,inmemoryofthedeadmonarchs,theentirevolumecontainedwithinthemountainarc.第53頁第53頁PartB1.gaugetheroom’sboundaries2.withstandthecompressiveforce3.radiatefrom4.thinkof…as5.fallin6.withinthemarginsoferror7.forthesakeof8.tobemoldedinto9.atmost10.datebackto11.windup12.takeintoaccount第54頁第54頁III.TranslationUnderlyingitallisthemodularrhythmoffootsteps,theunchangingmeasureofspacesinceearliestcivilization.Thereisthemuscularefforttocrossacourt,forinstance,ortheexhilarationinducedbytheprospectofascendingordescendingastairway.Onlythroughendlesswalkingcanthedesignerabsorbintohisbeingthetruescaleofurbanspaces.（以步幅為母度韻律，自早期創造以來就不曾改變空間量度，構成了這一切基礎。比如，穿過庭院時肌肉作出努力，在上下樓梯前所引起興奮心情。只有通過無盡行走設計者才干深深體會都市空間尺度。）第55頁第55頁

Unit9I.Affixcompressedsupercompressedsingularsingularityintegratedisintegrateanswerableunanswerablegravegravitytidetidalcongregatecongregationstopunstoppablerejuvenaterejuvenation第56頁第56頁dayheydayfieldoutfieldredreddishsoapsoapsudswhelmoverwhelmrepulserepulsionmassmassive第57頁第57頁II.KeyWordsandPhrases（PartA）1.…thereeverhasbeenoreverwillbepoppedintoexistence10to20billionyearsago.2.Thistiny,supercompressedpointasingularityinthejargonofphysicistswasunimaginablyhotandpackedwithenergy.3.Whirlinggalaxieswillsparkstar-firefromdriftingmotesandvolatilegas.4.Itburstsforthinatitanicexplosion…5.Generationsofstarswillliveanddie…6.…thegrandmachinewillrundown.7.…itposesaproblemforcosmologistsbecauseitisvery,verysmooth.8.…theyconstructelaboratetheoriesinwhichgalaxiesspringforthinsteadoutofsucharcanaascolddarkmatter…9.Butwhilecosmologistspuzzleoverhowtheuniversemadesomethingoutof(almost)nothing…第58頁第58頁10.Whydotheygroupintoclusters,clustersofclusters…11.…enormousyawningvoidsuntiltheveryfabricoftheuniverseseemspackedwithfoamysoapsuds.12.…quasars,whichfountainenergyatratestheuniversehasneverseensincetheirheyday.13.…quasarsarenowthoughttobeblackholesdevouringmaterialinthecrowdedcentersoftheirhostgalaxies.14.Squeezedanheadedbytidalforcesbeyondcomprehension…15.…thearchitectureofthecosmosstandsinfulldisplay.16.Farfromscatteringatrandomasastronomersoncesurmised,galaxiestendcongregate,aspeopledo.17.…galaxiesbehavelikeswarmingdustmotes…18.Whatisthismassthatloomsinvisiblyamongthebrightlightsofthegalaxies?第59頁第59頁19.…theseaccountforaboutathirdofthetotal.20.Lackingtheabundantgastomakemorestar,thesegalaxiesaredoomedtoasterilefuture,growingolderandcolderwithlittlehopeofnewstar-lifetorejuvenatethem.PartB1.suckup2.liein3.emitashoweroflight4.consistof5.thekeyto…6.runoutof7.inafractionofasecond第60頁第60頁III.TranslationThegravitationalforceyoufeelonthesurfaceofaplanetdependsonboththeplanet’smassanditsradius.Thegreaterthemass,thestrongerthegravityandthegreatertheescapevelocity.Lessobviously,thesmallertheradius,thestrongerthegravityandthegreatertheescapevelocity,too.Thereason:youarethenstandingclosertotheplanet’scenter,sothegravitationalpullonyouisstrongerandyouhavetotravelfastertoescape.（一個人在一個行星表面所感受到引力取決于該行星質量和半徑。質量越大，它引力越大,逃逸速度越大。容易忽略是，行星半徑越小，它引力和逃逸速度也變得越大。原因是：你站地方更靠近該行星中心，因此它對你萬有引力也就越強，你就不得不用更快速度去逃離。）第61頁第61頁Unit10I.Affixplantimplantthinkunthinkableresideresidencecoincoinagespacespatialglitchglitchyconveyconveyanceweightweightlessfruitfruitionbreakb