2022-2023年山東省臨沂市大學英語6級大學英語六級模擬考試(含答案)學校:________班級:________姓名:________考號:________

一、2.ReadingComprehension(SkimmingandScanning)(20題)1.

Accordingtoageneraldefinition,amaturetreewouldbeatleast______.

2.

TheideathatprofessorsshoulddoresearchaswellasteachwasimportedfromGermanyinthelate19thcentury.

A.YB.NC.NG

3.

Forbesisaboutasexcitedas______.

4.Caregiversofdisabledfamilymembersarereportedtoundergoamortalityrateof______

5.

Intheauthor'sopinion,theoptionsuggestedbyhimwillhavea(n)______significanceinsolvingthenuclearissuesoftheworld.

6.ScientistsWorryMachinesMayOutsmartMan

Arobotthatcanopendoorsandfindelectricaloutletstorechargeitself.Computervirusesthatnoonecanstop."Predator"fighters,which,thoughstillcontrolledremotelybyhumans,comeclosetoamachinethatcankillautonomously.

Impressedandalarmedbyadvancesinartificialintelligence,agroupofcomputerscientistsisdebatingwhetherthereshouldbelimitsonresearchthatmightleadtolossofhumancontrolovercomputer-basedsystemsthatcarryagrowingshareofsociety'sworkload,fromwagingwartochattingwithcustomersonthephone.

Theirconcernisthatfurtheradvancescouldcreateprofoundsocialdisruptionsandevenhavedangerousconsequences.

Asexamples,thescientistspointedtoanumberoftechnologiesasdiverseasexperimentalmedicalsystemsthatinteractwithpatientstosimulatesympathy,andcomputerwormsandvirusesthatdefyextermination(消滅)andcouldthusbesaidtohavereacheda"cockroach"stageofmachineintelligence.

WhilethecomputerscientistsagreedthatwearealongwayfromHal,thecomputerthattookoverthespaceshipin"2001:ASpaceOdyssey,"theysaidtherewaslegitimateconcernthattechnologicalprogresswouldtransform.theworkforcebydestroyingawideningrangeofjobs,aswellasforcehumanstolearntolivewithmachinesthatincreasinglycopyhumanbehaviors.

Theresearchers—leadingcomputerscientists,artificialintelligenceresearchersandroboticistswhometattheAsilomarConferenceGroundsonMontereyBayinCalifornia—generallydismissedthepossibilityofhighlycentralizedsuperintelligencesandtheideathatintelligencemightspringspontaneouslyfromtheInternet.Buttheyagreedthatrobotsthatcankillautonomouslyareeitheralreadyhereorwillbesoon.

Theyfocusedparticularattentiononthespecterthatcriminalscouldexploitartificialintelligencesystemsassoonastheyweredeveloped.Whatcouldacriminaldowithaspeechsynthesissystemthatcoulddisguiseasahumanbeing?Whathappensifartificialintelligencetechnologyisusedtominepersonalinformationfromsmartphones?

Theresearchersalsodiscussedpossiblethreatstohumanjobs,likeself-drivingcars,softwarebasedpersonalassistantsandservicerobotsinthehome.Justlastmonth,aservicerobotdevelopedbyWillowGarageinSiliconValleyproveditcouldnavigatetherealworld.

Areportfromtheconference,whichtookplaceinprivateonFeb.25,istobeissuedlaterthisyear.Someattendeesdiscussedthemeetingforthefirsttimewithotherscientiststhismonthandininterviews.

TheconferencewasorganizedbytheAssociationfortheAdvancementofArtificialIntelligence(A.A.A.I.),andinchoosingAsilomarforthediscussions,thegrouppurposefullyevokedalandmarkevent(里程碑式事件)inthehistoryofscience.In1975,theworld'sleadingbiologistsalsometatAsilomartodiscussthenewabilitytoreshapelifebyswappinggeneticmaterialamongorganisms.Concernedaboutpossiblebiohazardsandethicalquestions,scientistshadhaltedcertainexperiments.TheconferenceledtoguidelinesforrecombinantDNAresearch,enablingexperimentationtocontinue.

ThemeetingonthefutureofartificialintelligencewasorganizedbyEricHorvitz,aMicrosoftresearcherwhoisnowpresidentoftheassociation.

Dr.Horvitzsaidhebelievedcomputerscientistsmustrespondtothenotionsofsuperintelligentmachinesandartificialintelligencesystemsrunamok(橫行).

Theideaofan"intelligenceexplosion"inwhichsmartmachineswoulddesignevenmoreintelligentmachineswasproposedbythemathematicianI.J.Goodin1965.Later,inlecturesandsciencefictionnovels,thecomputerscientistVernorVingepopularizedthenotionof

A.robotsforciviluse

B.militarycomputers

C.artificialintelligence

D.biochemicalweapons

7.

Thatworkerswillbecomeslavestoautomatedmachinesis______.

8.CollegeeducationistoblameforthefailureofAmerica'smathandscienceeducation.

9.

Tomakesurethatwelivenowon80%ofourincomeandinvesttheother20%,theauthorsuggestsapplyingtothebankfor______.

10.

Asickinfantmaystareandhave____________orcoldlimbs.

11.

Agirlwilltextaboythenextdayaftermeetingatarestaurantbecause______.

A.theboyisgoodatmaths

B.thegirliseagertohaveaboyfriend

C.thesmartboyworksveryhard

D.thelate-nightrestaurantleftgreatimpression

12.

ThesecondactionwhichshouldbetakentokeeptheInternetsecureis______.

13.

Surveysshowthatmiddleclasscustomerswillgivefirstprioritytothefactorsofcomfortofstoresandselectionofcommoditiestheyofferindecidingwheretoshopthesedays.

A.YB.NC.NG

14.

Technologicalinnovation______causessecurityproblems.

15.

WelearnfromthepassagethatconditionsfortheearlywhitestravelingtoAmericabyshipsweremuchbetterthan

16.

Generally,negotiatingisacomplicatedprocessbyitself,andnegotiatingacrossculturesisevenmoreintricatebecauseof______.

17.

Whenunemployed,somecareeriststaketheopportunitytofamilymattersinadditionto______orvolunteering.

18.TheAmericanVisitor

ThebigredAmericanearwasmuchtoowideforanEnglishcountryroad.WhenPaulCarsonsawitcomingtowardshim,hestoppedhisowncarattheside,tomakeroomforittopass.

Thebigcarwentslowlypast,soclosethatPaulcouldseeitsdriver'sfacequiteclearly.Itwasnotaprettyface.Themouthwastoolarge,andtheearsweretoosmall.Theblackhairwascutveryshort,andtheeyeswerehiddenbehinddarkglasses.

"WherehaveIseenthatfacebefore?"Paulwondered."Waitaminute.Iremembernow.Itwasinthenewspaper."Heturnedtohissister."Haveyoustillgotyesterday'spaper,Nora?Ordidyoulightthefirewithitthismorning?YouusuallydowhenIneedit."

"No,Ididn't,"laughedNora."Butit'sratherdirty.Iputthefishinitjustnowastheyhadnopaperinthefishshop.It'sontheflooratthebackoftheear.I'llgetitifyoulike."

Sheopenedthebackdoorandtookthefishoutofthepaper.Paulturnedquicklytothemiddlepageandshowedherthepicture.Itwaspartlycoveredwithwetfish'sblood,butthefacewasclearenough.Itwasnotaprettyface.Ithadalargemouthandsmallears,anditseyeswerehiddenbehinddarkglasses.

"Wantedbythepolice,"readPaul,"forpayingbillswithuselesschequesathotelsandshopsinMargate,Brightonandotherlargeseasidetowns.TheCityBankwillpayfiftypoundstoanyonewhohelpsthepolicetocatchthisman."

"DoesitsayanythingaboutanAmericancare"

"No.Butlistentothis.HeisEnglish,butheusuallytalksanddresseslikeanAmericanvisitor.Perhapsit'sastolencar.Menlikehimuseadifferentcareveryweek."

"That'strue.Whatareyougoingtodo,Paul?Callthepolice?"

"No.Iwanttomakesurefirst."Heturnedthecarandbegantodrivebackthesameway."Let'sfollowhimandwatchforafewminutes.What'shiscarnumber?Whereishestaying?Togetourfiftypounds,wemustbeabletotellthepoliceasmuchaspossible."

Soontheysawtheredcarinfrontofthem.Itseemedtobegoingveryslowly.

"Don'tgotoonear,Paul.Ifheseesus,we'llnevercatchhim.Oh,becareful,he'sstopping!"

Paulstoppedhisowncarbehindanoldfarm-cartattheroadside,sothatthemancouldnotseehim.Thedooroftheredcaropened,anditsdrivergotoutandlookedround.Thenhestartedwalkingtowardsanoldwhitehouse,whichwashalf-hiddenbytreesalittlewayfromtheroad.

"That'sSeldonManor,theLightfoot'shouse!"saidPaul."They'reawayinGreecethissummer,stayingwithherfamily.DickLightfootmarriedaGreekgirl,youremember?Thegardeneristakingcareoftheplace,butthere'snoonelivingthereatpresent."Helookedoncemoreatthepictureinthenewspaper.Thenhegotoutofthecar.

"Listen,Nora.Youmuststayherewiththecar.I'mgoingacrossthefieldtothesideofthehouse.Hewon'tseeme,butI'llbeabletowatchhim.Ifyouhearmecall,driveuptothehouseasquicklyasyoucan."

Heleftherandranacrossthefield.Themanwascomingawayfromthefrontdoorandwalkingroundthesideofthehouse.Thedoorofthegarden-roomwasopen,andhewentinside.

PaulCarsondidnotstoptothinkortoaskquestions.Heranacrossthegardenandshutthedoor.Thenhefixeditsothatitcouldbeopenedonlyfromoutside.Therewasnootherdoororwindow.Themanwascaught.

Pauldidnotwaittotalk.Heranbacktothecarasfastashecould.Behindhimhecouldheartheangrymantryingtobreakthedooropen.Butitwasastrongdoor;hewouldsoongettiredofhittingit.

Whentheyreachedthepolicestation,Paulwentinandquicklytoldthepoliceofficerallaboutth

A.YB.NC.NG

19.

Anytwonetworksinpiconetsisunlikelybeonthesamefrequencyatthesametimebecauseeachnetwork______thousandsoftimesasecond.

20.

ThestoryofJasonshowsthatalthoughgossipsareusuallyincredible,peopletendtobelieveinthe______.

二、3.ListeningComprehension(20題)21.聽力原文：W:Strauss,we'vegotaproblem.Wedon'thaveenoughmoneytopaytherentthismonth.!thinkI'dbetteraskMornandDadforaloan,oraskmybossforaraise.

M:Well,Idon'tknow.ButmaybeI'dbetternottakeanotherEnglishcoursethissemester.

Q:Whatdoweknowfromtheconversation?

(16)

A.Theirparentscutbacktheloantothem.

B.Thewomandoesn'twanttotakeanotherEnglishcourse.

C.Theycan'taffordtherentofthismonth.

D.Thewoman'sbossrefusedtogiveheraraise.

22.(43)

23.(39)

24.

【B7】

25.

【B4】

26.聽力原文：W:IheardyouweretheonlyonewhohasgotanAonthephysicstest?

M:No.Quiteafewofmyclassmateshave.Idon'tthinkthetestisdifficult.

Q:Whatdoesthemanimply?

(15)

A.Onestudentreceivedahighergradethanhedid.

B.Hewillhavetotakeanumberofexamslater.

C.Thetestismoredifficultthanheexpected.

D.Severalstudentsinhisclasshavereceivedtopgrades.

27.(31)

A.Theheartpumpsbloodintwodirections.

B.Timebloodiscirculatedroundthebodyinonedirectiononlybythepumpingactionoftheheart.

C.Thebloodmovedwithabackwardandforwardmotion.

D.Theheartpumpsbloodinalldirections.

28.聽力原文：M:Ifyouareinahurry,youcantakethesubway.Ifyouwanttogosightseeing,takeabus.

W:Actually,Idon'thavetobeattheconferencebeforenoon.

Q:Whatwillthewomanprobablydo?

(14)

A.Hurrytotheconference.

B.Skiptheconference.

C.Takethesubway.

D.Takeabus.

29.聽力原文：W:IwishIdidn'thavetomakeaspecialtriptothepostofficetogetmypackage.

M:Well,ifyoucalltheminthemorning,they'llgivethepackagetoyourmailcarriertobringouttoyou.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

(16)

A.Sheshouldphonethepostofficeforherrequestinthemorning.

B.Shecanhireamailcarriertohelpher.

C.Thepostofficedoesn'tofferthiskindofservice.

D.Thepostofficewillsendthepackagetoherinanycase.

30.(29)

A.Toseefilms.

B.Toreadbooksinthelibrary.

C.Toattendlectures.

D.TovisittheAssociation.

31.SectionC

Directions:Inthissection,youwillhearapassagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadforthefirsttime,youshouldlistencarefullyforitsgeneralidea.Whenthepassageisreadforthesecondtime,youarerequiredtofillintheblanksnumberedfrom36to43withtheexactwordsyouhavejustheard.Forblanksnumberedfrom44to46youarerequiredtofillinthemissinginformation.Fortheseblanks,youcaneitherusetheexactwordsyouhavejustheardorwritedownthe

Thequestionofwhetherwarisinevitableisonewhichhasconcernedmanyoftheworld'sgreatwriters.Before【B1】______thisquestion,itwillbeusefultointroducesomerelatedconcepts.Conflict,definedasoppositionamongsocialentitiesdirectedagainstoneanotheris【B2】______fromcompetition,definedasoppositionamongsocialentities【B3】______strivingforsomethingwhichisininadequatesupply.Competitorsmaynotbeawareofoneanother,whilethepartiestoaconflictare.Conflictandviceofoneanother.

Oppositionisthus【B4】______withcooperation,theprocessbywhichsocialentitiesfunctioninthe【B5】______ofoneanother.Thesedefinitionsarenecessarybecauseitisimportanttoemphasizethatcompetitionbetween【B6】______orgroupsisinevitableinaworldoflimitedresources,butconflictisnot.Conflict,【B7】______,isverylikelytooccur,andisprobablyan【B8】______anddesirableelementofhumansocieties.

Manyauthorshavearguedfortileinevitabilityofwarfromthepremisethatinthestruggleforexistenceamonganimalspecies,onlythefittestsurvive.Ingeneral,howeverthisstruggleisnature'scompetition,notconflict.Socialanimals,suchasmonkeysandcattle,fighttowinormaintainleadershipofthegroup.【B9】______.Thosewhofailincompetitionstarvetodeathorbecomevictimstootherspecies.Thisstruggleforexistencedoesnotresemblehumanwar,butratherthecompetitionofindividualsforjobs,markets,andmaterials.【B10】______Amongnationsthereiscompetitionindevelopingresourcestrades,skills,andasatisfactorywayoflife.【B11】______.Whileitistruethatthiscompetitionmayinduceeffortstoexpandterritoryattheexpenseofothers,andthusleadtoconflict,itcannotbesaidthatwar-likeconflictamongnationsisinevitable,althoughcompetitionis.

【B1】

32.聽力原文：TheAmericangovernment,aswellaseveryAmericanindividual,istouchedbyandconcernedwithinflation,andPresidentCarterhascalleditourNo.iproblem.Indeed,inflationdeservesthistitle.

Thegreatjumpininflationhasbeenduringthepast10years.Lookingattherawfigures,peoplemightconsiderthisatimeofprosperity.Thewageoftheaverageworkerwas$114aweekin1969,andbySeptember,1978ithadreached$206.Thenumbergrewasmuchas$92.Onthesurfaceitmightseemthatpeoplearebetteroff,butitisnottrue.Takingintoconsiderationtheeffectsofinflation,thepictureisdifferent.Actually,inflationplaysanimportantrole.

In1976theconsumerpriceindexstoodat100andithasnowtopped200.Allowingforthis,theaveragewageofworkerswas$104in1969and$105inApril1978.Sincethenwithmoreinflationanygaininpurchasingpowerhasbeenwipedoutandmoretakenaway.Infactduringtheyearof1978,thebuyingpoweroftheaveragepaycheckhadfallenby3.4percent.Inadditiontotheincometax,thereareusuallystateandcountrytaxes,thesalestax,thatisaddedtothecostofanitemattheretaillevel.Thisisanothertaxthathasbeenincreasingwithinflation,anditaffectsallpurchasers,includingthepoorestcitizens.Thinktwicebeforeyousaythatinflationisnotabigdeal.

(30)

A.Itfirstbecomeseriousaboutfiveyearsago.

B.Ithasfinallybeenbroughtundercontrol.

C.Itmayleadtoprosperity.

D.Ithasbeenclimbing.

33.

【B8】

34.(35)

A.Painting.

B.Architecture.

C.Photographingsculpture.

D.Photographingpeople.

35.(22)

A.Topracticemoreinusingthelanguage.

B.Togotoliveinthecountrywherethelanguageisspoken.

C.TowatchmoreTVprograms.

D.Toturntomoreclassmatesfortipsonlanguagelearning.

36.聽力原文：M:Goodnews.Iamnotgoingtoneedsurgeryafterall.ThedoctorsaysIcanstartworkingoutagainsoon.Andmaybeplaysocceragaininafewweeks.

W:That'ssogreat.Itwouldbeniceifyoucouldgetbackinshapeintimeforthestatetournament.

Q:Whatdoesthewomanmean?

(13)

A.Thetournamentbeginsnextweek.

B.Shehopesthemanwillbeabletoplayinthetournament.

C.Shewantsthemantoattendthetournamentwithher.

D.Themanshouldcheckwithhisdoctoragain.

37.(13)

A.Shewantstopayitbycash.

B.Shewantstoaskherfriendstopay.

C.Shewantstopayitlater.

D.Shewantstocutdowntheprice.

38.(42)

39.聽力原文：W:I'dlikereallytogototheconcerttonight,butIdon'tknowifIcouldsparethetime.

M:Musicalwaysrelaxingme.Itmightbeworthitinalongrum.

Q:Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?

(17)

A.Goingtotheconcerttonight.

B.Goingtotheconcertlater.

C.Goingtotheconcertafterawhile.

D.Goingtotheconcertinalongrun.

40.(32)

A.Peopleinthedarkbrownroomwalkedmorequickly.

B.Peoplespentmoretimeinthewhiteroomthaninthedarkroom.

C.Darkbrownstimulatedmorebutshorteractivity.

D.Darkbrownstimulatedmoreandlongeractivity.

三、4.ReadingComprehension(ReadinginDepth)(20題)41.

Thereductionoflow-renthousingprojectsinBelgiumhasresultedin______.

A.animprovementinhousingquality

B.analarmingincreaseofhomelesspeople

C.anincreaseinhousepurchases

D.achangeinthegovernment'spolicy

42.Thefirstparagraphsuggeststhat______.

A.environmentiscrucialforwildlife

B.tourbooksarenotalwaysareliablesourceofinformation

C.Londonisacityoffox

D.foxesarehighlyadaptabletoenvironment

43.Accordingtouniversityofficials,whoareputinanunfavorablesituationunderearlyadmissionprograms?

44.

WhatdoesNeradoforthepreparationforbecomingasecretaryoranurse?

A.Sheisworkinginanursery.

B.Sheismovingintoherownapartment.

C.Sheisstudyinginahighschool.

D.Sheisaskinghelpfromthefather.

45.

【C10】

46.What'sSpinney'sopiniononthetargetaudienceofSesameStreet?

A.Theyarecompletelydifferentthantheywere40yearsago.

B.Manyofthemaredevotedfansoftheperformance.

C.Theirbasicneedshaven'tchangedmuchthroughyears.

D.Theycontinuetowatchtheshowwhentheyhavegrownup.

47.

TheexperimentatJohnHopkinsUniversityshowsthat______.

A.babiescanrecognizeoddwordsinstinctively

B.byaboutninemonths,babiesbeginrecognizingfrequentpatternsinlanguage

C.babiesinthecontrolgrouparenotinterestedinthestoriestheyheard

D.repetitionhelpsbabiesunderstandthemeaningsofthewords

48.

【C4】

49.

WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueinthecaseofpathologicalfatigue?

A.Youarcinvolvedinsomanyactivitiesthatyouhavetobeintwoplacesatonce.

B.Yourbodyhasadisease.

C.Thecellsfailtodealwithfightingthediseaseandkeepingyoualiveatthesametime.

D.Thefirstthingtodoistocurethedisease.

50.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Studentswhoscorehighinachievementneedstendtomakehighergradesincollegethanthosewhoscorelow.Whendegreeaptitudeforcollegework,asindicatedbyCollegeEntranceExaminationBoardTests,isheldconstant,engineeringstudentswhoscorehighinachievementneedstendtomakehighergradesincollegethantheaptitudetestscoreswouldindicate.

Wecandefinethisneedasthehabitualdesiretodousefulworkwell.Itisasalientinfluencecharacteristicofthosewhoneedlittlesupervision.Theirdesireforaccomplishmentisastrongermotivationthananystimulationthesupervisorcanprovide.Individualswhofunctionintermsofthisdrivedonot"bluff"inregardtoajobthattheyfailtodowell.

Someemployeeshaveastrongdriveforsuccessintheirwork;othersaresatisfiedwhentheymakealiving.Thosewhowanttofeelthattheyaresuccessfulhavehighaspirationforthemselves.Thoughtsconcerningtheachievementdriveareoftenprominentintheevaluationsmadebythetypicalemploymentinterviewerwhointerviewscollegeseniorsforexecutivetraining.Hewantstofindoutwhethertheseniorhasastrongdrivetogetaheadormerelytoholdajob.Researchindicatesthatsomewhodogetaheadhaveanevenstrongerdrivetoavoidfailure.

Whatisthemainsubjectofthispassage?

51.

Whatisthebesttitleofthispassage?

A.HungerandMalnutritioninDevelopingCountries

B.HungerandMalnutritionBiotechDoesPromise

C.GeneticallyModifiedFoodsFeedtheWorld?

D.ApplicationofBiotechChallengesWorldHunger

52.

Theauthorarguesthatthereismorediversityoflifeintheseathanintherainforestsbecause______.

A.morephylaandclassesoflifearerepresentedinthesea

B.therearetoomanyinsectstomakemeaningfuldistinctions

C.manyinsectsspeciesaretoosmalltodivideintocategories

D.marinelife-formsreproduceatafasterrate

53.

Theauthoris______towardicebergs.

54.(56)

55.

Whatpossiblyresultedintheevolutionfromleaflesstreetoflatleaves?

A.ThedecreaseCO2inlevels.

B.Theincreaseofforests.

C.Thedropoftemperatures.

D.Thechangeofclimatesliketoday.

56.

Whenthegrandchildrencame,whatisthefirstthingthatmyparentsdo?

57.

Itisimpliedthattheconceptofthepaperlessofficeisnowadoptedona______scale.

58.AttheKyotoconferenceonglobalwarminginDecember1997,itbecameabundantlyclearhowcomplexithasbecometoworkoutinternationalagreementsrelatingtotheenvironmentbecauseofeconomicconcernsuniquetoeachcountry.Itisnolongerenoughtotrytoforbidcertainactivitiesortoreduceemissionsofcertainsubstances.Theglobalchallengesoftheinterlinkbetweentheenvironmentanddevelopmentincreasinglybringustothecoreoftheeconomiclifeofstates.Duringthelate1980swewereable,throughinternationalagreements,tomakedeepcutsinemissionsharmfultotheozonelayer.Thesereductionsweremadepossiblebecausesubstitutionshadbeenfoundformanyoftheharmfulchemicalsand,moreimportant,becausetheharmfulsubstancescouldbereplacedwithoutnegativeeffectsonemploymentandtheeconomiesofstates.

Althoughthethreatofglobalwarminghasbeenknowntotheworldfordecadesandallcountriesandleadersagreethatweneedtodealwiththeproblem,wealsoknowthattheeffectsofmeasures,especiallyharshmeasurestakeninsomecountries,wouldbenullified(無效的)ifothercountriesdonotcontroltheiremissions.WhereastheUNteamonclimatechangehasfoundthattheemissionsofcarbondioxidewouldhavetobecutgloballyby60%tostabilizethecontentofCO2intheatmosphere,thispathisnotfeasibleforseveralreasons.Suchdeepcutswouldcauseabreakdownoftheworldeconomy.Importantandpopulouslow-incomeormedium-incomecountriesarenotyetwillingtoundertakelegalcommitmentsabouttheirenergyuses.Inaddition,thestateofworldtechnologywouldnotyetpermitustomakesuchabigleap.

Wemust,however,findasolutiontothethreatofglobalwarmingearlyinthe21stcentury.Suchacommitmentwouldrequireadegreeofsharedvisionandcommonresponsibilitiesnewtohumanity.Successliesintheforceofimaginations,inimaginingwhatwouldhappenifwefailtoact.Althoughmanylivingincoldregionswouldwelcometheglobal-warmingeffectofawarmersummer,fewwouldcheerthearrivalofthesubsequenttropicaldiseases,especiallywheretherehadbeennone.

ItcanbeinferredthatsincetheKyotoconference,wefind______.

A.globalwarmingproblemiscloselyrelatedtoeconomydevelopment

B.globalwarminghasproducedvariouseconomyproblemsaroundtheworld

C.differentcountrieshavedifferentviewsontheeffectofglobalwarming

D.globalwarminghasgreatlyaffectedtheworldwideeconomydevelopment

59.SectionA

Directions:Inthissection,thereisashortpassagewith5questionsorincompletestatements.Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

Theworldhealthwatchdogsarelookinginthewrongplacesforthenextdangerousepidemics,accordingtoananalysisofglobaltrendsinemergingdiseaseoutbreaksoverthepastfewdecades.

Thestudygivesafreshperspectiveonglobaldiseasebytrackingthehistory,from1940to2004,oftheemergenceandspreadof335infectiousdiseases.Theextensiveworkhelpstoquantifytheeffectofwell-knownriskfactors,suchaspopulationdensity,ontheprobabilityofadiseasetakingholdinagivenarea.

Althoughthedatahaven'tyetbeenusedtomapoutspecificfuturehotspotsfordisease,theydosuggestthatwatchdoggroupsshouldinvestmoreinmonitoringregionssuchastropicalAfrica,LatinAmericaandAsia.Theseareashavethegreatestthreatsofnewlyemergingepidemics,saythesurvey'sauthors,buttheyhavetraditionallyreceivedtheleastsurveillance.

Agloballycoordinatedstrategyisrequiredtospotandstopoutbreaksbeforetheycanspreadacrosstheworld,arguesKateJonesoftheInstituteofZoologyinLondon,oneoftheresearchersbehindthenewreport.

"Weneedtothinkmorebroadly,withaglobalvision."shesays,"Everyonewillbeaffectedbynewdiseaseoutbreaks.Weareallonthesameplanet--there'snowheretohide."

Jonesandhercolleaguestrackedtheinfectiousdiseasesovera64-yearspan.Theyincludedmanydiseasesthathavegoneontocauseworldwidemisery.Thesurveypaintsapictureinwhichnewdiseasesariseasaresultofdramaticincreasesinhumanpopulationdensity,internationaltradeandtravel,andchangestoagriculturalpractices.

Suchchangeshavecausedadramaticincreaseintherateatwhichnewdiseaseshaveemergedsincethe1940s,theresearcherssay.Duringthe1980salone,theworstdecadeintheirdateset,almost100newpathogensemerged.

Thatisprobablyduetotheravagesofthemostnotoriouspathogen(病原體，致病菌)toappearinthe1980s--HIV--theresearchersnote.

HIV,like60%ofthediseasesstudiesbytheresearchers,isazoonotic(動物傳染病的)pathogen-itleaptfromanimalstohumans.Ofthesezoonoticdiseases,72%camefromwildlifeasopposedtodomesticatedanimals,theresearchersfound.RecentexamplesincludeNipahvirusinMalaysia,andtheinfamousSARSoutbreakinGuangdong,China,whichpracticallyshutdowninternationaltravelinSoutheastAsiain2002.

Astudyb