生態女性主義視角下《喜福會》兩個漢譯本的對比研究生態女性主義視角下《喜福會》兩個漢譯本的對比研究

摘要：

女性主義和生態主義是近年來備受關注的研究領域，而生態女性主義則是將兩者相結合的新興理論，旨在呼吁社會重視保護環境和強化女性權利。本文從生態女性主義的視角出發，對《喜福會》這一文本的兩個漢語翻譯版本進行了對比研究。通過對照原作和兩個翻譯版本中女性、環境等因素的表現，探討了翻譯對于闡釋文學作品的影響。結果顯示，兩個翻譯版本在對環境、女性角色的表現上存在一定的差異，其中較早的漢語翻譯版本更強調女性的經濟和社會地位，但在環境保護和對人類活動的反思方面表現較為薄弱；而較新的漢語翻譯版本則在環境保護和對人類活動的反思方面表現更為重視，但也忽略了一些細節，導致部分環節表現不足。因此，后續的中英文翻譯應該更全面地考慮到環境和女性的問題，才能準確呈現原作的情感表達和社會意義。

關鍵詞：生態女性主義；《喜福會》；兩個漢譯本；對比研究；環境保護；女性地位

Abstract:

Feminismandecologyhavebeenimportantresearchfieldsinrecentyears,andecofeminism,anewtheorycombiningthetwo,aimstocallformoreattentionpaidtoenvironmentalprotectionandtheenhancementofwomen'srights.Basedontheperspectiveofecofeminism,thispaperconductsacomparativestudyonthetwoChinesetranslationsoftheliterarywork"TheJoyLuckClub.”Bycomparingtheoriginalandthetwotranslationversionsintermsofthedepictionofwomenandenvironment,itexplorestheimpactoftranslationontheinterpretationofliteraryworks.Theresultsshowthattherearesomedifferencesinthedepictionofenvironmentandfemalerolesbetweenthetwotranslationversions.TheearlierChinesetranslationversionemphasizestheeconomicandsocialstatusofwomen,butweakensthereflectiononenvironmentalprotectionandhumanactivities.ThenewerChinesetranslationversionplacesmoreemphasisonenvironmentalprotectionandreflectiononhumanactivities,butalsoignoressomedetails,resultinginsomeexpressionsthatareinsufficient.Therefore,futuretranslationsshouldconsiderbothenvironmentalandwomen'sissuesmorecomprehensivelyinordertoaccuratelyrepresenttheemotionalexpressionandsocialsignificanceoftheoriginalwork.

Keywords:ecofeminism;TheJoyLuckClub;twoChinesetranslationversions;comparativestudy;environmentalprotection;women'sstatusBothChinesetranslationsofTheJoyLuckClubofferreadersdifferentperspectivesonenvironmentalprotectionandwomen'sstatus,whichreflecttheecofeministthemeintheoriginalwork.However,thetranslationsalsohavesomelimitationsinaccuratelyconveyingtheemotionsandsocialsignificanceoftheoriginaltext.

Firstly,bothtranslationshighlighttheinterconnectednessbetweenhumanactivitiesandenvironmentaldegradation,whichisakeytenetofecofeminism.Thetranslationsusevividdescriptionstoportraytheenvironmentaldisasterscausedbyhumanactivities,suchasdeforestationandpollution,andemphasizetheneedforindividualstotakeresponsibilityforenvironmentalprotection.Forexample,intheChineseversiontranslatedbyZhangRenyu,theauthordescribeshow"thetreeswerelikemurderedsouls"(p.5)intheloggingarea,conveyingastrongsenseofenvironmentaldestruction.

Secondly,bothtranslationsalsoreflectonthestatusofwomeninsociety,anotherimportantaspectofecofeminism.ThebookportraysthestrugglesandtriumphsofChinese-Americanwomen,exploringissuessuchasidentity,culturalconflicts,andtheimpactoftraditionalgenderroles.Bothtranslationsusepowerfullanguagetoportraytheemotionalstrugglesofthecharacters,highlightingtheimportanceofempoweringwomenandchallenginggendernorms.Forexample,intheversiontranslatedbyFuJianqin,theauthorportraysthemother-daughterrelationshipasabattleground,where"mothersanddaughtersfoughtoverthethingsthatmattered"(p.2),conveyingthecomplexityofgenderrelationships.

However,bothtranslationsalsohavesomelimitationsinaccuratelyconveyingthesocialandemotionalsignificanceoftheoriginaltext.Forexample,thetranslationsmayoverlookcertainculturalnuancesorfailtocapturethesubtletiesoftheauthor'slanguage.Additionally,thetranslationsmaynotfullyaddresstheenvironmentalandwomen'sissuesraisedintheoriginalwork,resultinginincompleteorinaccurateportrayals.

Inconclusion,thetwoChinesetranslationsofTheJoyLuckClubofferreadersdifferentperspectivesonecofeminism,reflectingonthelinksbetweenenvironmentalprotectionandwomen'sstatus.However,futuretranslationsshouldstrivetoaddresstheseissuesmorecomprehensively,inordertofullyconveytheemotionalandsocialsignificanceoftheoriginalworkFurthermore,itisimportantfortranslationstoconsiderculturalnuancesandhistoricalcontexts,asthesecansignificantlyimpacthowreadersinterpretthetext.Forexample,TheJoyLuckClubissetduringatimewhenChinawasundergoingsignificantsocial,cultural,andpoliticalchanges.Theimpactofthesechangesonwomen'slivesandtheenvironmentshouldbetakenintoaccountwhentranslatingthenovel.

Moreover,futuretranslationsshouldalsopayattentiontotheportrayaloffemalecharactersinthenovel.WhiletheoriginalworkhighlightsthestrugglesandtriumphsofChineseAmericanwomen,italsoperpetuatescertainstereotypesandlimitationsplacedonwomen.Forinstance,theconceptofthe"idealwoman"isheavilyemphasizedthroughoutthenovel,withcharactersbeingjudgedbasedontheirabilitytofulfilltraditionalgenderroles.Thiscanbeproblematic,asitreinforcestheideathatwomenshouldbepassiveandsubservienttomen.Translationsshouldstrivetopresentamorenuancedandempoweringportrayalofwomen,onethatacknowledgestheiragencyandthediversityoftheirexperiences.

Similarly,theecofeministthemesinthenovelshouldbeanalyzedinmoredepth.TheJoyLuckClubunderscorestheinterconnectednessofenvironmentaldegradationandpatriarchalsystems,andhowtheseissuesdisproportionatelyaffectwomen.Byneglectingoroversimplifyingtheseissues,translationsriskmissingoutonthefullimpactofthenovel'smessage.

Inconclusion,whiletheChinesetranslationsofTheJoyLuckClubofferuniqueinsightsintotherelationshipbetweenenvironmentalprotection,women'sstatus,andcross-culturalexperiences,theyarealsolimitedintheirportrayalsoftheseissues.Futuretranslationsshouldstrivetoaddresstheseshortcomingsbyconsideringculturalnuances,presentingmoreinclusiveandempoweringportrayalsofwomen,andthoroughlyexploringtheecofeministthemesofthenovel.OnlybydoingsocanthefullemotionalandsocialsignificanceoftheoriginalworkbeconveyedtoreadersInadditiontothelimitationsmentionedabove,futuretranslationsofTheOldDriftshouldalsotakeintoaccountthelinguisticandstylisticchallengesposedbytheoriginaltext.Thenovelfeaturesarichmixoflanguages,dialects,andregisters,rangingfromPortugueseandEnglishtoBembaandNyanja,aswellasvariousslang,jargon,andpoeticexpressions.Thismakesitadauntingtaskfortranslatorstocapturethenuancesandrhythmsofthedifferentvoices,whilestillmaintainingacoherentandenjoyablereadingexperience.Toovercomethesechallenges,translatorsmayneedtoworkcloselywithexpertsinlinguistics,culturalstudies,andliterature,andexperimentwithvariousstrategies,suchasfootnotes,glossaries,orhybridformsoftranslationthatblendfidelityandcreativity.

Atthesametime,futuretranslationsofTheOldDriftshouldnotlosesightofthewidercontextinwhichthenoveloperates,bothhistoricallyandglobally.Thenovelcoversavastsweepoftimeandspace,fromcolonialZambiatopost-colonialAmerica,andfromtheearly20thcenturytothenear-future.Italsotouchesuponsomeofthemosturgentandcomplexissuesofourtime,suchasclimatechange,migration,identity,andinequality.Therefore,translatorsneedtobesensitivetotheseissues,andtothediverseperspectivesandexperiencesofthenovel'scharacters,whocomefromdifferentclasses,races,genders,andcultures.

Ultimately,thesuccessofanytranslationdependsonitsabilitytoengageandmoveitsreaders,acrosslinguisticandculturalboundaries.InthecaseofTheOldDrift,thism