Unit1discoverusefulstructures表語從句MissLin2023.3.13目錄1、leadin:課文例句與系動(dòng)詞回顧2、concept:表語從句的概念與引導(dǎo)詞3、importanceanddifficulties:表語從句的重難點(diǎn)4、exerciseinthetextbook:教材練習(xí)5、Extendedtraining:擴(kuò)展訓(xùn)練ThetruthwasthatthewaterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywaste.Leadinpredicativeclause表語從句事實(shí)/真相的內(nèi)容是….回顧：系動(dòng)詞的分類狀態(tài)類：be動(dòng)詞，seem,appear,keep,remain,stay…感觀類：look,smell,taste,sound,feel…變化類：become,get,turn,grow,fall,come,go…Linkingverbsreview找出下列句子中的表語判斷表語的主要依據(jù)就是表語在系動(dòng)詞之后。(系表結(jié)構(gòu)）鏈接教材1.（教材P2）One

theory

was

that

bad

air

caused

the

disease.2.（教材P5）You

may

not

believe

it,

but

that

was

what

happened

at

the

initial

stage

of

our

group’s

research

on

developing

a

vaccine

for

malaria.3.（教材P5）What

Snow

was

determined

to

find

out

was

why

the

1854

outbreak

of

cholera

in

London

could

have

caused

over

500

deaths

within

ten

days.4.（教材P5）We

realised

that

what

we

cared

about

was

not

what

aspect

we

needed

to

develop

a

theory

in,

but

rather

how

we

can

reduce

the

cost

of

a

vaccine

without

reducing

its

effect!觀察并歸納：1.

所有例句中的藍(lán)框部分都位于___________后，作表語，故都是_______從句，這些從句相當(dāng)于一個(gè)_______。系動(dòng)詞be表語名詞2.

句一由從屬連詞______引導(dǎo)；句二由連接代詞_______引導(dǎo)；句三由連接副詞_______引導(dǎo)；句四由連接代詞_______引導(dǎo)。thatwhatwhywhat表語從句的概念

表語從句放在系動(dòng)詞（也稱連系動(dòng)詞）之后，充當(dāng)復(fù)合句中的表語，說明主語是什么或者怎么樣。一般結(jié)構(gòu)為“主語+系動(dòng)詞+表語從句”?？山颖碚Z從句的系動(dòng)詞有be,

look,

remain,

seem等。concept類別引導(dǎo)詞用法從屬連詞that只起連接作用，不作句子成分,

無實(shí)際意義whether只起連接作用,

不作句子成分，意為“是否”，不能用if替換連接代詞who,

what,

whom,

whose,

which等在從句中作主語、賓語、表語等表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞類別引導(dǎo)詞用法連接副詞when,

where,why,

how等在從句中作狀語其他連詞because主句主語一般不用reasonas

if/as

though表語從句表示的情況發(fā)生的可能性較小時(shí)，常用虛擬語氣表語從句的引導(dǎo)詞

Importanceanddifficulties表語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的選擇1.由連接詞that,

whether引導(dǎo)的表語從句從屬連詞that的用法：①無意義；②不充當(dāng)成分。而whether有詞義，意為“是否”。這時(shí)主句的主語常常是些抽象名詞，如

question,

trouble,

problem,

result,

chance,

suggestion,

idea,

reason

等。表語從句對(duì)主句主語進(jìn)行說明、解釋，使主語的內(nèi)容具體化。The

reason

for

his

absence

is

that

he

hasn’t

been

informed.他缺席的原因是他沒被通知。The

point

is

whether

we

should

lend

him

the

money.關(guān)鍵在于我們是否應(yīng)該借錢給他。2.由連接代詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句在連接代詞who,

what,

which,

whom,

whose等引導(dǎo)的表語從句中，連接代詞在句中作主語、賓語、表語等，并且不能省略。The

question

is

which

of

us

should

go.問題是我們哪一個(gè)應(yīng)該去。The

problem

was

who

could

do

the

work.問題是誰能做這項(xiàng)工作。That’s

what

he

is

worrying

about.那就是他在擔(dān)心的事。表語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的選擇3.由連接副詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句在連接副詞

when,

where,

why,

how

等引導(dǎo)的表語從句中，連接副詞在從句中作狀語。Go

and

get

your

coat.

It’s

where

you

left

it.去把你的衣服拿來。就在你原來放的地方。I

had

neither

a

raincoat

nor

an

umbrella.

That’s

why

I

got

wet

through.我既沒雨衣也沒傘。那就是我濕透的原因。That

is

how

mice

ruin

large

scores

of

grain

every

year.那就是老鼠每年是怎樣損害大量糧食的。表語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的選擇4.由連詞because,

as

if/as

though等引導(dǎo)的表語從句It

looked

as

if

it

was

going

to

snow.看起來好像要下雪了。That’s

because

we

never

thought

of

it.那是因?yàn)槲覀儚奈聪脒^此事。It

seems

as

though

he

didn’t

know

the

answer.看起來他好像不知道答案。表語從句中引導(dǎo)詞的選擇ExerciseinthetextbookAnswerthefollowingquestionsusingtheinformationfromthereadingpassageaswellasthepredicativeclauses.WhatwasitthatJohnSnowshowedtotheworld?→WhatJohnSnowshowedtotheworldwashowcholeracouldbeovercome.1.WhatwasSnow'sdiscoveryintwoparticularstreetsinLondon?Snow'sdiscoveryintwoparticularstreetsinLondonwasthat________________________________________________________________________________________________________.2.WhatwasSnowdeterminedtofindoutduringthe1854outbreakofcholerainLondon?WhatSnowwasdeterminedtofindoutwaswhy________________________________________________________________________________________________________.thecholeraoutbreakwassoseverethatmorethan500peoplediedintendaystheoutbreakofcholerahadcausedover500deathswithintendays3.WhatweretheexactplacesSnowmarkedonthemap?TheexactplacesSnowmarkedonthemapwerewhere___________________________________________________.4.WhatwasthefindingthatSnowannounced?Snow'sfindingwasthat_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.allthosewhodiedhadlived/allthedeadpeoplehadlivedthewaterpumpwastoblameforthespreadofcholera/thepumpwatercarriedcholeragerms/waterfromtheBroadStreetpumphadbeeninfectedbywasteDavidistalkingtoMariaabouttheirscientificresearchproject.FirstcompleteDavid’slines(A-E),usingthewordsinthebox.ThenputDavid’slinesinthecorrectorderandpractisetheconversation.asif,that,what,who,when,how,why,whose,which,whetherA.Absolutely.Youmaynotbelieveit,butthatwas________happenedattheinitialstageofourgroup'sresearchondevelopingavaccineformalaria.whatB.Yes,itis.Anditseemed_______allthetheorieswereuseful,butthefactwas_____wecouldn'tpersuadeoneanotherthatonetheorywasbetterthananother.C.Exactly.Theproblemwasnotabout________allourtheorieswereequallygood,butindeciding_______________theorytodependupon.asifthatasif,that,what,who,when,how,why,whose,which,whetherwhich/what/whosewhetherD.Werealisedthatwhatwecaredaboutwasnot___________aspectweneededtodevelopatheoryin,butrather______wecanreducethecostofavaccinewithoutreducingitseffect!E.You'reright.Atlast,webecamefocusedonthekeyissue,whichwas______wehadtocarryouttheresearchinthefirstplace.which/whathowasif,that,what,who,when,how,why,whose,which,whetherwhyExtendedtraining單句語法填空1.

He

went

to

the

hospital

for

a

medical

examination.

And

that

is_______he

was

absent

from

the

meeting.why2.

The

reason

why

she

preferred

city

life

is______she

can

have