年7月全國普通高等學校招生統一考試上海英語試卷ListeningSectionA（第1-10題,每題1分；第11-20題，每題1.5分；共25分）SectionADirections:InSectionyouwilltenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyyouaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersondecidewhichisthebestanswertothequestionyouhave1.AAboxofcupcakes B.AsoupspoonC.Apacketofsugar D.Acupofcoffee2.A.Worried B.ExcitedC.Interested D.Crazy3.A.Givingawardstostudents B.BuyingagiftforhissonC.Sellingnewtoystocustomers D.Interviewingtobecomeatraindriver4.A.Sheshouldn'tgooutwithanotebookB.SheshouldhavebeenmorecarefulandshecanonlyblameherselfC.SheshouldpayattentiontothenotebookonthebenchD.Sheshouldn'ttakethelossofhernotebooktoheart5.A.TheirtravelplaninthecityB.TheirexhibitioninthegalleryC.Theirexperienceinthememorialhall.D.Theirjourneyinthecitymap6.A.Sheisachessteacher.B.SheisindifferenttoherchessprogressC.Shesignedupforthechessgame.D.Shehasn'ttouchedthechessboardforalongtime7.A.Thelightsettings B.ThestagebackgroundC.Theperformancestyle. D.Thestoryline8.A.Theopen-airmovieintheforestparkB.TheflowershowintheforestparkC.TheclosingperformanceofsportsmeetingD.Theopeningperformanceoftheforestpark9.A.Kateisasocialphobic(恐懼的)patientB.Kate'sdistinctpersonalityisnormalC.Kateoftenloseshertemperwithherclassmates.D.Kate'sstrangepersonalityaffectsherdailylife10.A.HeneedstofixthebudgetofthehotelB.HemustgettoBeijingontime.C.Hecanstayatherparents’house.D.HewantstovisithisparentsinBeijingSectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestionswillbereadtwice,butthequestionwillbespokenonlyonethefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage11.A.About1,400 B.About3 C.About1,900. D.About212.A.IthasalonghistoryB.IthasnotyetachievedcommercialsuccessC.ItonlysellsfruitatitsstallD.Itstartedfromnothing13.A.ThesuccessstoryofKittenCoffeeB.ThehistoryofEverbrown.C.ThesecretofbusinesssuccessD.Theadvantagesofdiversifiedproducts.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.ItneedsscissorstobeopenedforuseB.Ithaslaunchedmorethan30products.C.Itismaterial-efficientandenvironmentallyfriendlyD.Itsreputationamongsellersisverypoor15.A.Ithasputforwardeffectiveinitiatives.B.IthasreachedthepeakofproductupgradingC.IthasofferedawiderangeofproductsD.Itonlyintroducestheproductthroughvideoclips.16.A.Diversifieddesignofpackagingmaterials.B.Workinghardtopromoteproductdevelopment.C.Innovativeinitiativesofe-commercepioneers.D.Anewwayofpackaging:that'sfrustration-freeQuestions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.A.Theman'stripinParisasanexchangestudent.Theman'saccommodationinParisasanexchangestudentTheman'scourseplaninParsasanexchangestudentTheman'sdailydietinParisasanexchangestudent18.A.ThetalentapartmentoutsidetheschoolischeaperB.ThehostfamilyiswillingtoprovidehimwithaccommodationC.TheroommatehassharedanapartmentwithhimD.Theschooldoesn'thaveanon-campusdormitoryforexchangestudent19.A.HemaywanttovisitfamousscenicspotsB.HemayhaveatightscheduleC.HemaywanthisfamilytoaccompanyhimD.Hemayneedachauffeurtotakehimtoschool20.A.HelikestofinishtheexperimentwithhisclassmatesB.HewantstosplittherenttosavemoneyC.HehopestohavethesameschedulewithhisroommateD.Hejustwantstohitchhike(搭順風車)toclass【聽力答案】1~10.CABBACDBBC11~13.BDA14~16.CCD17~20.BDBCGrammar（每題1分；共20分）SectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.HowtoStartaNewBusinessAnentrepreneurisapersonwhocreates,launches,andbeginsanewbusiness,typicallyinresponsetoamarketdemandthathasnotbeenmetEntrepreneursareoftenimaginative,selfmotivatedindividualswhodevelopfulltime,successful,andsustainablebusinesses.Successfulentrepreneursfrequentlyhaverelevantinsights,expertise,andadvicetheymayofferaspiringentrepreneurstoand(21)________ontheirrespectivepaths.Interviewingentrepreneursmightprovideinsightintothestepstheytook(22)________(achieve)success.Hereistheinterviewofentrepreneurrelatedquestions,andyouwillfindmorepreparationsforit.Question:Howwouldyoudescribeanentrepreneur?Answer:Anindividualwhoestablishesandexpandstheirowncompanythroughinnovativestrategies(23)______(know)asanentrepreneurDuringtheexpansionoftheircompanies:Entrepreneursareresponsibleforseveralimportanttasksinadditiontocashgeneration.Anentrepreneurperceivesacommercialneedintheirsociety(24)________(develop)anideaforabusiness,andthentakestheinitiativetostarttheirfirmSupposeabusinessideadoesnotcenteronproducingaproductthatfillsagapinthe(25)______(exist)market.Inthatcase,itmostoftencentersonapplyingtechnicaladvancementstosimplifytheprocessofobtainingaproductorservice.Question:Howdoentrepreneursidentifybusinessprospects?Answer:Entrepreneursroutinelyseekchancestoexpandorincreasetheircompanyrevenues.Theydeterminewhichproducttoincludeandwhichmarkettoenter.Anentrepreneurshouldlistentoprospectivecustomersandlookforchancestobuilditemsthatmeettheirdemands.Anentrepreneurcandetermine(26)__________otherbusinessesintheareaaredoingandhowtheysucceedbyconductingacompetitiveanalysis.ThistechniquemayinvolveconductingaphysicalsurveyorreadingindustryspecificmaterialsConversationswithconsumersalsofacilitatetheidentificationoftheirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences,(27)________theymayusetoenhanceafirmQuestion:Whatmakesanentrepreneursuccessful?Answer:(28)_________anentrepreneur,youarebothyourmanagerandthemanagerofothers.Toachievesuccess,youmustpossessawiderangeofabilitiesAnentrepreneurmustbeabletomanagepeople,abudget,operations,andincertaincases,investors.Itnecessitatesaworkstyle(29)________(characterize)bymultitaskingandplanningforthefirm'sshortandlongtermgoals(30)_______successfulentrepreneurmustbeabletospendhistimewisely,regularlyanalyzingandprioritizingprojectsbasedontheirrelevanceandsignificance.Itincludesengaginginshortandlong-termplanning,economicforecasts,andmarketresearch.【答案】21them22toachieve23isknown24developsexisting26what27which28As29characterized30A【解析】21.them考查代詞作賓語。根據句子結構，這里說的是成功的企業家為有抱負的企業家提供建議，因此此處要幫助的人(賓語)指的就是有抱負的企業家們，即aspiringentrepreneurs，所以應填入人稱代詞賓格，且表復數，故填入them。句意:成功的企業家通常有相關的見解、專業知識和建議，他們可以為有抱負的企業家提供幫助，幫助他們走上各自的道路。22toachieve【解析】考查動詞不定式作目的狀語。根據句子結構，企業家所采取的步驟是為了獲得成功，所以這里應用動詞不定式表目的。而且根據句子的謂語動詞mightprovide判定空格處的動詞為非謂語動詞。故填入toachieve。句意:采訪企業家可能會讓你了解他們取得成功所采取的步驟。23.isknown【解析】考查一般現在時的被動。結合問題"HowWouldYouDescribeAnEntrepreneur?(你如何描述企業家?)"可知這個回答是在為企業家下定義，此處應為固定搭配“beknownas”(被稱為:被認為是...)，根據“Anindividual"可知此處的be動詞是單數的，文章的時態為一般現在時，而且根據句子主語individual后的who引導的定語從句，空格處的動詞為謂語動詞。故填入isknown。句意:通過創新戰略建立并擴大自己公司的人被稱為企業家。24.develops【解析】考查一般現在時。此句的主語是Anentrepreneur，該空是一個謂語動詞,且與前面的perceives并列，時態還是一般現在時，故填入develops。句意:企業家在他們的社會中發現了商業需求，發展出了一個商業想法，然后主動創辦了自己的公司。此空的陷陰主譜后面的空格處動詞，慣性思維理解為非謂語結構。實際這個句子看完才發現是并列謂語結構。此題的失分較多，很多同學們會填寫developing:事實上是develops25.existing【解析】考查先分詞作定語。根據句子結構可知,此處應用形容間修飾名詞market,而且從句子的謂語動詞doesnotcenter也推測空格處動詞需要填寫非謂語動詞,故填入existing(現存的，現行的)。句意:假設一個商業想法的中心不是生產填補現有市場空白的產品。26.what【解析】考查賓語從句。該段回答的問題是“企業家如何識別商業前景”，根據后面的"howtheysucceed(他們是如何成功的)”可以推測出這里要表達的意思是“其他企業在做什么"，故填入what。句意:企業家可以通過進行競爭分析來確定該地區的其他企業在做什么以及他們是如何成功的。27which【解析】考查非限制性定語從句。此處考查的是定語從句，theirfrustrationsandnegativeexperiences在后面的從句中作賓語，屬于事物，故填入which。句意:與消費者的對話也有助于識別他們的沮喪和負面體驗，他們可能會利用這些來增強公司。28.As【解析】考查介詞,此處回答的問題是“是什么讓企業家成功”,后面的youarebothyourmanagerandthemanagerofothers.是個完整的句子，anentrepreneur為名詞。結合語境，此處要表達的意思應是“作為一名企業家”，故填入As。句意:作為一名企業家，你既是自己的管理者，也是他人的管理者。29.characterized【解析】考查過去分詞作后置定語，根據句子的謂語動詞necessitates判定空格處的提示動詞為非謂語動詞結構，而且由"by”可知，此處應用過去分詞修飾名詞詞組aworkstyle，此處實際上是一個定酒從句.whichischaracterizedbymultitaskingandplanning:省略了whichis，故填入characterized。句意:它需要種多任務處理和為公司的短期和長期目標規劃的工作風格。30.A【解析】考查不定冠詞。這里的entrepreneur為可數名詞單數，應用不定冠詞a修飾，故填入A。句意:一個成功的企業家必須能夠明智地利用他的時間，有規律地根據項目的相關性和重要性分析和排序。SectionBDirections:ineachblankwithathebox.Eachcanbeonlyonce.NotethatisoneyouApursuitsB.interestsC.comparableD.innovationE.scheduleF.optionsG.realizationHroutesI.subjectsJ.recipesK.motivatedCreativityIsaHumanQualityThatExistsinUSWhenyouthinkaboutcreativity,itmightbehighlycreativepeoplelikeMozart,daVinciorEinsteinwhospringtomind.Theywereallconsideredtobe"Geniuses”fortheirsomewhatuniquetalentsthatledtoglobal(31)______intheirfields.Theirtypeofcreativityiswhat'sknownas"BigCcreativity”(orhistorical)andisnotverycommonineverydaylife.Notallofuscancreateworksofartormusicorscientifictheoriesthatarenewtotheworld.Butwhilewecan’tallbeMozart,daVinciorEinstein,manypeopledoenjoycreativeactivitythroughhobbiessuchaswatercolourpaintingorplayingthepiano.Andthesetypesof(32)______areoftenwhatpeoplethinkofwhenaskedwhatbeingcreativelookslike.Ourfinishedpiecesmaynotbe(33)_______withthelikesofthegreatmasters,butoftentheprocessistherapeuticandtheendresultcanbeaestheticallypleasing.Ontopofhobbiesand(34)_______,weallpossesscreativeattributesthatcanhelpaswesolvelife'sproblemsandmakedecisions.Itisthistypeofcreativitythatenablesustoplandifferent(35)_________togettothesamedestination,orhowtofitinatriptothesupermarketwhenour(36)________looksfull.Itmightnotsoundverycreative,butthisaspectofcreativityreliesonourabilitytoconsider(37)________andassesstheirsuitability,aswellashowtomakedecisionsbasedonpersonalpriorexperienceorwhatwehavelearntformallyorinformally.Theseexamplesareknownas"SmallCcreativity”or“personaleverydaycreativity.WhileBigCcreativityisvaluedandcelebrated,ItisoftenSmallCcreativitythathasallowedhumanstoflourishoverthousandsofyears.itsetsusapartfromotheranimalsanditisalsothetypeofcreativitywhichcanbefosteredthroughoureducationsystemandbeyondintotheworkplace.Traditionally,researchtellsusthatcreativityhasbeenlargelyassociatedwiththearts.Ourpreviousresearchhasshownthatteachersareoftenabletogiveexamplesofcreativeactivityinarts(38)________,butfindithardertodosowhenaskedtodescribecreativityinsubjectssuchasscience.Butthereisagrowing(39)_______thatopportunitiestobecreativearefoundacrossabroaderrangeofsubjects.Forinstance,engineeringprovidesopportunitiestobecreativethroughproblemsolving.andhistorygivestheopportunitytothinkcreativelyaboutwhyeventshappened,andwhat(40)________thoseinvolved.【答案】31-40DACBHLFIGK31D【解析】此處的形容詞global(全球的)應修飾名詞，結合前面提到的“當你想到創造力時，你可能會想到像莫扎特、達芬奇或愛因斯坦這樣極具創造力的人。他們都被認為是“天才”，因為他們有些獨特的才能”，這里講的是創造力，分析選項，只有“innovation"符合語境及邏輯。此處句意為“他們都被認為是“天才”，因為他們有些獨特的才能，導致了他們所在領域的全球創新(innovation)”,故選D。innovationn.創新。32A【解析】該空對應的是前面提到的“hobbiessuchaswatercolourpaintingorplayingthepiano.”，分析選項可知“水彩畫或彈鋼琴”可以說是“追求”，句意為:當被間及創造力是什么樣子時，人們通常會想到這些類型的追求(pursuits)。故選A。pursuitsn.追求。33.C【解析】此處考查固定搭配becomparablewith(與...可比較的,比得上...的),此處旬意為“我們完成的作品可能無法與大師們的作品相提并論(comparable),但通常這個過程是有益的，最終的結果是令人賞心悅目的"，故選C。comparabledj，可比的，可比較的。34B【解析】該空與hobbies并列，且它們的意思應該是相近的，分析選項可知應選“interests”。句意為“除了愛好和興趣(interests)，我們都擁有創造性的屬性，可以幫助我們解決生活中的問題和做決定”，故選B。interestsn，興趣。35.H【解析】根據后面的"togettothesamedestination(到達同一個目的地)”可以反推出我們需要先計劃路線，此處句意為“正是這種創造力使我們能夠計劃不間的路線(routes)到達同一個目的地”，故選H。routesn路線:路途。36E【解析】分析透項可知“當我們的時間表看起來很滿時”符合語境及邏輯，此處句意為"或者當我們的時間表(schedule)看起來很滿時如何安排去超市的旅行”,放選E。schedule，計劃(表)，進度表:時間表。37F【解析】分析選項，根據后面的"aswellashowtomakedecisionsbiasedonpersonalpriorexperienceorwhatwehavelearntformallyorinformally(以及如何根據個人之前的經驗或我們正式或非正式地學到的知識做出決定)”可以推測出我們考慮的是“選擇”，句意為:這聽起來可能不是很有創意，但這方面的創造力依賴于我們考慮選擇(options)和評估其適用性的能力，以及如何根據個人之前的經驗或我們正式或非正式地學到的知識做出決定。故選F。optionsn.可選擇的事物:選擇，選擇權。38.1【解析】根據后面的“butfindithardertodosowhenaskedtodescribecreativityinsubjectssuchasscience"可知此處應為“subjects”。句意為“我們之前的研究表明。教師通常能夠給出藝術科目(subjects)中創造性活動的例子，但當被要求描述科學等科目中的創造性時，他們發現很難做到這一點"，故選1。subjectsn學科:科目:主題。39.G【解析】分析選項，“創新的機會在更廣泛的學科中存在“屬于一種”認識。意識"，此處句意為“但人們越來越意識到(realization)，創新的機會在更廣泛的學科中存在"，故選G。realizationn.認識，領悟。40K【解析】分析句子結構可知此空是一個謂語動詞，且時態為一般過去時，應選motivated。此處句意為“例如，工程學提供了通過解決問題來發揮創造力的機會，而歷史則提供了機會來創造性地思考事件發生的原因，以及是什么激發了(motivated)參與者”，故選K。motivatedv.成為……的動機，是……的原因;激勵，激發。ReadingComprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA.B.CandD.FillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontextAfillerwordisanapparentlymeaninglessword,phraseorsoundthatmarksapauseorhesitationinspeech.Alsoknownasapausefillerorhesitationform.SomeofthecommonfillerwordsinEnglishareum,uh,er,ah,like,okay,right,andyouknow.Althoughfillerwords“mayhavefairlyminimallexical(詞匯的)content,”noteslinguistBarbaraAFox“theycanplayastrategicsyntactic(句法的)roleina(n)(41)________conversation”.Whatappearstobeafillerwordmayalsobeaholophrase(整句字)(42)________thecontext.“Heyhey,shh,shh,shh.Comeon.Besensitivetothefactthatotherpeoplearenotcomfortabletalkingaboutemotional(43)______.Um,youknow,Iam.I'mfinewiththat,but...otherpeople"."ModernlinguistsledbyLeonardBloomfieldin1933callthese‘hesitationforms’—thesoundsofstammering(uh),stuttering(um,um)，throat-clearing(ahem!)，stalling(wellum,thatis)interjectedwhenthespeakerissearchingwordsor(44)_____forthenextthought."Youknowthaty’knowisamongthemostcommonofthese(45)________forms.Itsmeaningisnottheimperious‘youunderstand’eventheoldinterrogatory‘doyougetit’?Itisgivenas,andtakentobe,merelyafillerphrase,(46)____________tofillabeatintheflowofsound,notunlikelike,initsnewsenseof,like,afillerword.Thesestaplesofmodernfillercommunication—Imean,y’know,like-canalsobeusedas‘tee-upwords’.Inoldtimes.pointerphrasesortee-upwordsweregetthiswouldyoubelieve?andareyouready?The(47)______oftheserib-nudgingphraseswas-areyouready-tomakethepoint,tofocusthelistenersattentiononwhatwastofollow.Ifthe(48)_______istoteeupapoint,weshouldaccepty’knowanditsfriendsasdly(49)_______spokenpunctuation.thearticulatedcolon(冒號)thatsignals‘focusonthis’...ifthepurposeistograbamomenttothink,weshouldallowourselvestowonder:Whyarefillerphrasesneededatall?What(50)_____thespeakertofillthemomentofsilencewithanysoundatall?Whydosomepeoplefilltheairwithnon-wordsandsounds?Forsome,itisasignofnervousness;theyfearsilenceandexperiencespeaker(51)_____.RecentresearchatColumbiaUniversitysuggestsanotherreason,Columbiapsychologistsguessedthatspeakersfillpauseswhen(52)______forthenextword.Toinvestigatethis(53)________,theycountedtheuseoffillerwordsusedbylecturersinbiology,chemistry,andmathematics,wherethesubjectmatterusesscientificdefinitionsthatlimitthevarietyofwordchoices(54)________tothespeakerTheythencomparedthenumberoffillerwordsusedbyteachersinEnglish,arthistory,andphilosophy.wherethesubjectmatterisless(55)________andmoreopentowordchoices.41A.undertaking B.discovering C.disliking D.unfolding42A.dependingon B.holdingup C.takingover D.arrangingfor43.A.appliances Bsubstances C..disturbances D.finances44.A.onthecontrary B.ataloss C.atdawn D.onnoaccount45.A.perseverance B.complexity C.hesitation D.obligation46A.intended B.attended C.pretended D.extended47.A.interest B.experience C.advantage Drandom48A.architecture B.purpose C.completion D.function49Aannoying B.striking C.entertaining D.embarrassing50.A.oppresses B.recycles C.highlights D.motivates51A.danger B.anxiety C..figure D.sculpture52.A.bothering Binspecting C.searching Daccomplishing53.A.idea B.chance C.basis D.feedback54.A.feasible Bcredible C.considerable D.available55.A.well-matched B.well-defined C.well-bred D.wellperceived【答案】41-55DACBCADBADBCADB外刊來源完形填空選自Thoughtco，圍繞“fillerword”展開論述，講述英語語言中出現的fillerword及其運用。注意：由于原文較長，命題老師根據高考實際進行了適當的刪減和改編，這里的還原版主要采用原文。答案詳解41.D【解析】結合該空之后提及的Whatappearstobeafillerwordmayalsobeaholophrase可知，該句句意為“看似填充詞的東西也可能是完整短語”，再結合相關選項分析，此處想要表達的是填充詞詞在對話交流中的重要作用，即此處句意為“它們可以在展開的（unfolding）話語中發揮戰略性的句法作用”，故選D。undertakingv.

擔任；discoveringv.

發現；dislikingv.

不喜歡；厭惡；unfoldingv.顯露；展現；展開。42.A【解析】此題根據選項進行反向推選，根據該空前提及的Whatappearstobeafillerwordmayalsobeaholophrase和該空后提及的thecontext，這里將“填充詞”“完整語句”和“上下文”三個詞同時出現于一句話中，再結合選項進行分析，可推知此處句意為“依據（dependingon）上下文，看似填充詞的內容也可能是完整短語”，故選A。dependingon依賴；依靠；holdingup停頓；支持；takingover接管；arrangingfor安排。43.C【解析】根據該空前提及的Besensitivetothefactthatotherpeoplearenotcomfortabletalkingabout可知，該空所填詞需要有一定的情感情緒在其中，結合相關選項分析，此處句意為“對別人不喜歡談論情緒障礙（disturbances）的事實要敏感”，故選C。appliancesn.

器具；器械；substancesn.

物質；disturbancesn.騷亂：困擾；financesn.

資金；經費。44.B【解析】結合上文提及的ModernlinguistsledbyLeonardBloomfieldin1933callthese‘hesitationforms’等相關內容，可知，此處在表述講話時的一種“猶豫形式”，再結合相關選項分析，與hesitationforms相接近的意思選項為ataloss，即此處句意為“當說話者在摸索單詞或不知所措地（ataloss）想下一個想法時，會插嘴”，故選B。onthecontrary與此相反；ataloss不知所措；atdawn拂曉時；onnoaccount絕不；切莫。45.C【解析】結合上文對hesitationforms等填充詞所舉的例子，以及該空后提及的Itsmeaningisnottheimperious‘youunderstand’oreventheoldinterrogatory‘doyougetit’?Itisgivenas,andtakentobe,merelyafillerphrase可推知，此處的Youknow也是“最常見的猶豫（hesitation）形式之一”，故選C。perseverancen.毅力；韌性；complexityn.復雜性；hesitationn.猶豫；躊躇；obligationn.義務；責任。46.A【解析】結合該空之后提及的like的例子可推知，該空處想要表述的是關于填充詞使用的目的和意圖，即此處句意為“它只是一個填充詞，意在（intended）填充聲音流中的一個節拍”，故選A。intendedv.

打算；意指；attendedv.

出席；參加；pretendedv.

假裝；extendedv.

延伸；延長。47.D【解析】結合上文內容的講述以及該空后提及的tomakethepoint,tofocusthelistener’sattentiononwhatwastofollow可推知，此處在講述有關填充詞交流的作用，結合選項分析，可推知此處句意為“這些短語的作用（function）是”，故選D。interestn.

興趣；吸引力；利益；experiencen.

經驗；經歷；advantagen.

有利條件；優勢；functionn.

功能；函數。48.B【解析】結合下文提及的Ifthepurposeistograbamomenttothink,weshouldallowourselvestowonder可知，此處句子結構與上文相同，結合選項推知此處想表達的是根據不同的目的來選擇填充詞的使用，即該空處句意為“如果目的（purpose）是為了表達一個觀點”，故選B。architecturen.

建筑學；結構；架構；purposen.

意圖；目的；completionn.

完成；結束；random

n.

隨機。49.A【解析】根據該空前提及的mildly（和善地；輕微地）可排除B項，兩者想表述的意思相反；而結合該空前提及的weshouldaccepty’knowanditsfriends…和該空后提及的thearticulatedcolon(冒號)thatsignals‘focusonthis’可知，youknow這一填充詞表述并不會使人尷尬或者使人愉快，相比之下A項符合文意，即此處句意為“我們應該接受“你知道”和它的朋友們作為一個稍微煩人的（annoying）口語標點符號，即清晰的冒號(冒號)

這意味著“專注于這個”……”，故選A。annoyingadj.

煩人的；strikingadj.

顯著的；引人注目的；entertainingadj.有趣的；使人愉快的；embarrassingadj.

令人尷尬的。50.D【解析】結合該空后提及的thespeakertofillthemomentofsilencewithanysoundatall可知此處與“演講者借助填充詞來填補沉默時刻”的情境相關，結合選項以及上文內容可推知，此處需要思考的內容是“是什么促使（motivates）演講者用任何聲音來填補沉默的時刻”，其余選項與文意不符，故選D。oppressesv.壓迫；壓制；recyclesv.

回收利用；highlightsv.

突出；強調；motivatesv.

激發；誘發。51.B【解析】結合上文提及的Forsome,itisasignofnervousness可推知此處想要表達的是“他們害怕沉默，并經歷演講者的焦慮（anxiety）”，故選B。dangern.危險；anxietyn.

焦慮；擔心；figuren.

數字；人影；形象；sculpturen.

雕刻作品。52.C【解析】根據該空后提及的forthenextword，可以排除A項和D項，這兩項填入文章語意不通順，再結合下文的相關研究分析可推知，此處更符合文意的是inspecting，因為inspect側重于為了查看東西的質量或情況而仔細地查看，而search更側重于有目的的搜查、搜索，相較之下，C項符合文意，即此處句意為“哥倫比亞大學的心理學家推測，說話者在搜索（searching）下一個單詞時會出現停頓”，故選C。botheringv.

打擾；煩擾；迷惑；inspectingv.

檢查；檢驗；searchingv.

搜查；探查；accomplishingv.

完成；達到。53.A【解析】結合上文提及的相關內容，可知上文提及的是觀點，下文對觀點進行研究分析，結合選項即可分析此處句意為“為了調查這一觀點（idea），他們統計了生物、化學和數學講師使用的填充詞的使用情況”，故選A。idean.

想法；chancen.

可能性；機會；basisn.

基礎；基準；feedbackn.

反饋。54.D【解析】結合上文內容可知，此處是在對各科教師使用填充詞情況的研究，結合相關選項可排除B和C項，再根據該空后提及的wherethesubjectmatterusesscientificdefinitionsthatlimitthevarietyofwordchoices可知，此處更側重于他們使用填充詞的“多樣性”，由此推知D項更符合文意，即此處句意為“其中主題使用的科學定義限制了演講者可用的（available）單詞選擇的多樣性”，故選D。feasibleadj.

可行的；credibleadj.

可信的；可靠的；considerableadj.

想當多/大的；availableadj.

可用的；可獲得的。55.B【解析】結合上文提及的wherethesubjectmatterusesscientificdefinitionsthatlimitthevarietyofwordchoices可知，此處的情況與上文所述內容情況相反，即可推知此處句意為“然后，他們比較了英語、藝術史和哲學中教師使用的填充詞的數量，這些領域的主題定義不太明確（well-defined），更容易選擇單詞”，故選B。well-matchedadj.

搭配得當的；well-definedadj.

定義明確的；界限清楚的；well-bredadj.

有教養的；良種的；well-perceivedadj.

有知覺的。原文翻譯填充詞是一個明顯無意義的詞、短語或聲音，標志著說話的停頓或猶豫。也被稱為停頓填充詞或猶豫形式。英語中一些常見的填充詞有嗯，呃，呃，啊，像，好的，對和你知道。盡管填充詞

“可能具有相當少的詞匯內容”，語言學家芭芭拉·A·福克斯指出，“它們可以在展開的對話中發揮戰略性的句法作用”。看起來是一個填充詞的東西也可能是一個整體句子，這取決于上下文。“嘿，嘿，噓，噓，噓。來吧。對其他人不愿意談論情感障礙的事實要敏感。嗯，你知道，我是，我沒問題，但是其他人”。1933年倫納德·布盧姆菲爾德（LeonardBloomfield）領導的現代語言學家稱這些為“猶豫形式”——口吃（嗯）、結巴（嗯，嗯）、清喉嚨（啊哼！）、停頓（嗯，呃，也就是說）的聲音，當說話者在摸索單詞或不知所措地想下一個想法時，會插話。“你知道，你知道的是這些猶豫形式中最常見的一種。它的意思不是專橫的“你明白”，甚至不是古老的“你懂嗎”？它被認為是一個填詞短語，意在填補音流中的一個節拍，與喜歡沒有什么不同，在其新的意義上，像是一個填充詞。現代填詞交流的這些主打詞——我的意思是，你知道，喜歡也可以用作“發球詞”。在古代，指示性短語或發球詞就是這樣，你相信嗎？你準備好了嗎？這些雞肋短語的作用是你準備好了嗎——讓聽眾的注意力集中在接下來要做的事情上。如果目的是為了表達一個觀點，我們應該接受“你知道”和它的朋友們是一個有點煩人的口語標點符號，一個表示“專注于此”的發音冒號……如果目的是想抓住時間思考，我們應該讓自己想一想：為什么需要填充短語？是什么促使演講者用任何聲音來填補沉默的時刻？"為什么有些人在空氣中充滿了非文字和聲音？對一些人來說，這是緊張的表現；他們害怕沉默，并經歷演講者焦慮。哥倫比亞大學最近的研究表明了另一個原因。哥倫比亞大學的心理學家猜測，說話者在搜索下一個單詞時會填補停頓。為了研究這一觀點，他們統計了生物、化學和數學講師使用的填充詞，其中主題使用的科學定義限制了說話者可用的單詞選擇的多樣性。然后，他們比較了英語、藝術史和哲學中教師使用的填充詞的數量，這些學科的定義不那么明確，對詞語的選擇更為開放。SectionB Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)ContemporaryartistNickSmithcreatespixelated(像素化的)workswithhandplacedcolour-chips,synonymouswithcolourswatches(色塊),cleverlycombiningtextandimagetocreateinterestingandfascinatingcollaged(拼貼的)works.WithapreviouscareerinInteriorDesignspanning11years,Nickreferenceshisconceptdesignbackgroundthroughouthiswork,reworkingthedesignusinguniquecolourswatchesinhand-madecollages,placinghisworkfirmlyinthefineartcategory.Fromhisfirstcollageexperimentbackin2011ofWarhol's"Marilyn’,whenheassembledatessellation(鑲嵌技術)ofswatchesasachallenge,thiseventuallyinspiredhiscareerasanartistanddeterminedhisuniquestyleheisnowknownforThemulti-layeredelementofhiswork,whichmarriesimageandword,allowsNicktoexplorecomplexart-historicalconcepts.Thetextemployedisoftennarrative,whichcanbereadinsequenceaddinganotherelementofintrigueandinteresttothework.Thisadditionalelementoftext,placedundertheemptyspaceofeachswatch,createseithercomplimentaryorsubversivemeanings.Nickdeliberatelyleavestheseword/imageconstructionsopentoviewerinterpretation,sparkingnewdebatesandmeanings.EachP-series,suchasPsychology2015,Purgatory2019,explorescomplicatedlyresearchedconcepts,whicharealwaysthecrucialstartingpointforeachnewseriesofworkProducinglarge-scaleworkstomicro-chipcollages,andmultipleselloutprinteditions,Nickcontinuestodevelophispopularandrecognizableart.PSYCOLOURGYJanuary2015LawrenceAlkinGallery,LondonSmith'sdebutsoloexhibitionwithLawrenceAlkinGalleryinSoho,London,launchedhisuniquevisualreworkingofclassicpaintingsfromthe20thCenturycanon.Universallyknownworks,includingDavidHockney’s.‘TheBiggerSplash’,AndyWarhol's'SoupCans’andLeonardodaVinci’s‘MonnLisa’wereallrecast,creatingoriginalcollagesthatenquireideasofdepiction,digitizationandrecognitionAselloutshow,withnumeroussuccessfulsubsequentprintreleases,PsychologyforgedSmith’spathtoaplaceamongBritain'snotablecontemporaryartists.PURGATORY-December2019Context,ArtMiamlPurgatoryisashiny,sticky,glossyexplorationofoursocietiesattitudeandapproachtoourexcess,addictionsanddesires.ExcerptsfromDante'sPurgatoryarewoventhroughcolourfulworksdepictingpopularcovetableconsumables,creatingsymbolicrepresentationsofthesevensins,Danteexplorepossiblepenance(懺悔)forourearthlysufferinglendingtospiritualgrowth.Theresultsofthesepairingsofferahumorous,nostalgicandsubversiveopportunitytoquestionourchoices,ourhistoryandourfuture.56.WhatmadeNicklaunchhisartcareer?A.HisdeeploveoffascinatingcollagedworksB.HisfirstcollageworkWarhol's'MarilynC.ThechallengeofpiecingatessellationofswatchesD.Thecollageexperimentdatingbackto2012.57.WhichofthefollowingstatementsaboutthetextNickusesistrueA.Histextcontainsconceptsofart.Histextisusuallyillustrative.HistextcanbereadsequentiallyHistextelementsareverysimple58.WhatdoweknowaboutPSYCOLOURGY?A.ItopenedSmith'suniquevisualreinventionofclassic21th-centurypaintingsB.DavidHockney's'MonaLisa’hasbeenrecreatedbyLawrenceAlkinGalleryC.Theoriginalcollagesaffirmtheideasofdepiction,digitisationandrecognition.D.ItopenedSmith'spathtobecomingoneofBritain'sleadingcontemporaryartists59.Whatisthetopicofthispassage?A.SomeusefulwaystocreatecollagedworksB，ThelifeofcontemporaryartistNickSmith.C.InformationaboutPsychologyandPurgatory.D.TheintroductiontoNickSmith'sworks【答案】56-59CCDD56.C【解析】根據文章第二段的Fromhisfirstcollageexperimentbackin2011ofWarhol's'Marilyn'.whenheassembledatessellationofswatchesasachallenge,thiseventuallyinspiredhiscareerasanartistanddeterminedhisuniquestyleheisnowknownfor可知2011年,他在沃霍爾的作品《瑪麗蓮》中進行了第一次拼貼實驗,當時他將色板鑲嵌在一起作為挑戰，這最終激發了他作為藝術家的職業生涯，并決定了他現在以獨特的風格著稱。A(他對挑啟發性拼貼作品的熱愛)、B(他的第一個拼貼作品沃霍爾的“瑪麗蓮”)、D(2012年的拼貼實驗)都說法錯誤。C(拼貼一塊鑲嵌的色板的挑戰)正確，故選C。57C【解析】根據文章第三段的Thetextemployedisoftennarrative,whichcanbereadinseque