初三英語被動語態知識精講北師大版【同步教育信息】.本周教學內容：被動語態.本周教學重點：.總結常用8個時態的被動語態.主動語態與被動語態的轉換.特殊情況.具體內容（一）被動語態的構成：被動語態的句子一般是以“be+過去分詞”的形式來表達。如果要特別強調動作的執行者，在句子后加“by…”.Sheisoftenseengoingshopping.ThepowderwasinventedbytheChinese.Thisworkwillbedonetomorrow.Thisfactoryisbeingconstructed.TheteachingbuildingwasbeingbuiltwhenIbegantoworkasateacherhere.Thisworkhasbeenfinished.Theairlinehadbeencalledoffwhenhearrivedattheairport.Thebookwillhavebeenpublishedbynextmonth.（二）主動語態與被動語態的轉換1）主動句的賓語變成被動句的主語。（如為代詞要改為主格）2）將主動句的謂語動詞改為be+過去分詞。被動句的be動詞的時態同于及物動詞的時態，be動詞的人稱、數同于被動句的人稱和數。3）主動句的主語，置于by之后。（如為代詞改為賓格）Isawthemyesterday.Theywereseenbymeyesterday.（三）被動語態的類型1）由及物動詞構成的被動語態一個賓語主動句主語+謂語+賓語被動句原賓語+be+過去分詞+by+原主語的賓格兩個賓語主動句主語+謂語+間接賓語+直接賓語被動句原間接賓語+be+過去分詞+原直接賓語+by+原主語的賓格原直接賓語+be+過去分詞+原間接賓語+by+原主語的賓格含有補語主動句主語+謂語+賓語+賓補被動句原主語+be+過去分詞+賓補+by+原主語的賓格Thiscompanysellscomputer.Thecomputerissoldbythiscompany.Heshowedmehisnewwalkman.

Iwasshownhisnewwalkmanbyhim.Hisnewwalkmanwasshowntomebyhim.Theywillmakethecitymorebeautiful.Thecitywillbemademorebeautifulbythem.注意：make,let,hear,watch等詞在接雙賓語時，是用不帶to的不定式結構的，而在被動語態中，應該將to補回。Mymothermademewashthesocks.Iwasmadetowashthesocksbymymother.Theteacherlettheclassrecitethistext.Theclassislettorecitethetextbytheteacher.2）由及物短語動詞構成的被動語態Suchathinghasdependonpayattentiontobetiredofneverbeenheardofbefore.dreamofSuchathinghasdependonpayattentiontobetiredofneverbeenheardofbefore.dreamofagreetobesurprisedatcallon turnonbeinterestedinbemadeof/from主動句主語+動詞+介詞+賓語被動句原賓語+be+過去分詞+介詞+by+原主語的賓格Ihaveneverheardofsuchathingbefore.3）祈使句的被動語態主動句動詞+賓語被動句Let+原賓語+be+過去分詞否定被動句Don,t+let+原賓語+be+過去分詞Movethecarover!Letthecarbemovedover.Don,tletthecarbemovedover.4）表示“據說”，“相信”等Itissaidthat…Itisreportedthat..Itissuggestedthat…5）難點提示：A.不及物動詞或不及物動詞短語作謂語，沒有被動語態。如：appear,disappear,end,fail,happen,fall,last,remain,spread,breakout,fallasleep,keepsilent,loseheart,takeplace….Intheend,hisdreamcametrue.B.當謂語動詞是表狀態的及物動詞或及物動詞短語時，也沒有被動語態。如have,wish,watch,arriveat/in,succeedin,takepartin,belongto..wehavetakenpartintheirclub.C.系動詞作謂語無被動語態。appear,become,feel,get,keep,look,remain,seem,smell,sound,taste..Itsoundsgood.D.當賓語是反身代詞時無被動語態Ifoundmyselfinthepark.E.當賓語是不定式時，很少用于被動語態。Shelikestoswim.

［課堂練習］I.單選。1.Thekey onthetablewhenIleave.A.willbeleft B.wasleftC.isleftD.hasbeenleft2.Yourcarneeds .A.repaired B.repairingC.torepairD.beingrepaired3.ThePeople,sRepublicofChina onOct.1,1949.A.found B.wasfoundC.isfoundedD.wasfounded4.Thebuilding well.A.wassold B.issoldC.sellsD.sell5.Theold well.A.mustlookafterB.mustlookedafterC.mustbelookafterD.mustbelookedafter6.Thisbookisworth A.toberead B.readC.toreadD.reading7.Mary showmehernewdictionary.A.hasaskedto B.wasaskedtoC.isaskedD.asksto8.Thebooksmay fortwoweeks.A.bekept B.beborrowedC.keepD.borrow9.MissWangteachesusphysics.改為被動語態）A.PhysicsistaughtbyMissWang.B.PhysicsistaughtbyMissWangtous.C.PhysicsistaughttousbyMissWang.D.Physicsistaughtbyus.10.Whowasthebook ?A.write B.wroteC.writtenD.writtenby.完形。Inarailwaycarriage,anoldlady1annoyedbyalittleboywhokeptsniffing.Finally,shecouldn,t2herselfanymoreandasked,“Haven,tyougotahandkerchief?”“Yes,”saidtheboy,“buttheboy,“butI,mnot 3A.isA.controlA.allowingtolendittoastranger.B.hasbeenbecontrolledB.allowedC.wasC.controlledC.goingtoallow.改被動語態。Shegavemeanewpenyesterday.Weputthefoodintheoven.Herepairedhiscarlastweek.Sheaskedthestudentstodosomeexercises.

Theytakegoodcareofthebabiesathome.以上答案請見名師面授！【模擬試題】(答題時間：20分鐘)I.單項選擇。Ifthework,youcangoandplaygames.A.finished B.hasfinished C.willbefinishedD.isfinished2.Itwasrainingheavilyoutside.Thechildrenweremade intheclassroom.A.stay B.tostayC.stayingD.stayed3.Kate theletterbeforehermothercameintoherbedroom.A.haswritten B.waswrittenC.hadwrittenD.iswriting4.Tomakeourcitymorebeautiful,rubbish_ intotheriver.A.needn,tbethrownB.mustn,tbethrownC.can,tthrowD.maynotthrow5.Ilikemybike.It verywell.A.rides B.isridingC.isriddenD.hasridden6.一Iwon'tcometothepartyunlessTom ___,too.一YoumeanifTomcomes,you,llcome.A.willinvite B.invitesC.invitedD.isinvited7.EveryonewhoheardMr.Green,sstory itA.laughedat B.waslaughedC.laughedD.waslaughedat8.Thechildrenmust .A.lookafterB.betakengoodcareC.lookthesameD.betakengoodcareof9.Thewomanstilldoesn,tknowwhatinherhometownA.happens B.happened10.—Isawyouwereonfootthismorning.C.willhappenD.washappened—Yes.Mybike .A.ismendingB.isbeingmendedC.ismendedD.isbeingmendingII.用括號內所給動詞的適當形式填空。Allthestudents(ask)tobringakitewiththemlastSunday.Aremanyways(try)tostoppeoplefromcuttingdownsomanytrees?—Whatareonshowinthemuseum?—Somephotos(take)byAmericanchildren.Thiscoat(wash)well.Musttheoldpeople(speak)topolitely?I,moften(warn)nottocopyothers,homework.Hecouldn,texplainwhydinosaurs(disappear).ThePRCwas(found)onOctober1,1949.【試題答案】1?5DBCBC 6-10DADBB1.wereasked2.tried3.weretaken4.iswashed5.bespoken6.warned7.disappeared8.founded【勵志故事】神奇的皮鞋多明尼奎?博登納夫，是法國一位年輕的企業家、藝術家。他所經營的公司歷來就是發展美術業，但始終都是沒有看到興旺的一天。一天，他在徒步回家的路上，突然，感到腳下有什么絆了一下，低頭一看，原來是一只破舊皮鞋，