Book1Unit1Friendship詞匯與句型【互動導學】【導學】一：重點詞匯與短語1.Addupyourscoreandseehowmanypointsyouget.把得分加起來，看你能得多少。AddupallthemoneyIborrowedfromyou.把我從你那兒借的錢都加在一起。Ifweaddthesemarksup，we’llgetatotalof90.如果我們把這些分數加起來，總數就有九十分了。Hesetdowntheweightsofallthestonesandthenaddedthemup.他記下了所有石頭的重量，然后合計起來。addup意為加起來；合計，是動副搭配；“把A加起來”表示為addup＋A或add＋A＋up，但若A為代詞，表述為add＋A＋up。addto增加add...to...往……里添加……addupto總計；加起來等于addthat...補充說……Thebadweatheraddedtoourdifficulty.壞天氣增加了我們的困難。Pleaseaddsomesugartothemilk.請往牛奶里加些糖。Heexpressedhisthankstomeandaddedthathewouldcomeback.他表達了對我的感謝之情并補充說他還會來的。(1)Theengineoftheshipwasoutoforderandthebadweatherthehelplessnessofthecrewatsea.tofromoutup(2)Shegavemanyexcuses，butwhattheywasthatshedidn’twanttocome.toupupto(3)Allhisschoolingnomorethanoneyear.uptotoaddedup2.Whenhe/sheborroweditlasttime，he/shebrokeitandyouhadtopaytogetitrepaired.他/她上次借時，把它弄壞了，你得花錢維修。Imustgettheradiomended.我必須把這臺收音機修好。Hehasgothishaircut.他已理發了。getAdone意為叫人做A，其中get意為使，過去分詞done與A之間是動賓關系，即被動關系。getAdone＝haveAdone讓A被……getAtodo＝haveAdo讓A去做……getAdoing＝haveAdoing使A一直做；容忍A做……Getyourfathertocometomorrow.＝Haveyourfathercometomorrow.明天叫你父親來。Hegot/hadthelightburningallthenight.他讓燈通宵亮著。Wewon’thave(get)anyoneseparatingTaiwanfromChina.我們不容忍任何人把臺灣從中國分離出去。I’llgetmybadteethpulledouttomorrow.明天我讓人把壞牙拔掉。(1)Igothim____________________________(給我找房子).(2)Shegotthehorse_____________________________________(拴在了樹上).(3)Ishouldn’thavegotyou_________________________老站著).3.Yourfriendcomestoschoolveryupset.你的朋友憂心忡忡地來到了學校。Hewashorriblyupsetoverherillness.他為她的病而憂心忡忡。I’msufferingfromanupsetstomach.我的腸胃正不舒服呢。upset系形容詞，在句中可作表語、定語和狀語，beupsetover/about/at...意為因……感到心煩意亂。upsetvt.(upset；upset；upsetting)使……心煩意亂；使……不適；打翻；打亂Losingthenecklaceborrowedfromherfriendupsethercompletely.她把從朋友那兒借來的項鏈弄丟了，這使她心煩意亂。Thelousyfoodupsetsmystomach.這糟糕的飯菜使我腸胃不適。Becarefulnottoupsetthebottleofink.小心不要打翻了這瓶墨水。Rainupsetourplanforapicnic.下雨打亂了我們的野餐計劃。(1)Yourchoice____________________(使他不安).(2)Don’t___________________________(別為這事心煩了).Justforgetit.4.ignorethebell...不顧及鈴聲……Heignoresmyadviceandgoesonplaying.他不顧我的勸告而繼續玩。Hisproblemscan’tbeignored.他的問題不容忽視。ignore是動詞，意為忽視；不理睬。ignorantadj.無知的；很無禮的ignorancen.無知Hewasdrivingveryfastbecausehewasignorantofthespeedlimit.他車開得很快，因為他不知道要限速。Hisfailureresultedfromignorance.他的失敗起因于他的無知。用ignore及其派生詞的適當形式填空(1)Isaidhellotoher，butshe___________________mecompletely.(2)Iwas________________ofthefactthatthebosscouldbesostrict.(3)Weareincomplete____________ofhisplans.(4)He_________________thedoctor’sadviceandgoesonsmoking.5...andgosomewherequiettocalmyourfrienddown...去某個安靜的地方讓你的朋友平靜下來。Calmdown；what’sthematter?鎮定點，怎么了？Theteachercalmedherstudentsdown.老師讓學生們鎮定了下來。calm是動詞，意為鎮定，使……平靜下來；calmdown意為平靜下來；系動副搭配。calm也可用作形容詞或名詞。keepcalm保持鎮定Whenintrouble，sheiscalm.面對困境，她很沉著。Thecitywascalmafterthewar.戰后該城寧靜了。Theysatintheyardtoenjoythecalmoftheevening.他們坐在院子里享受這夜晚的寧靜。Keepcalmwhenindanger.身處危險時要保持鎮定。單詞意義區別calm用于人時，指內心平靜；用于自然界時，形容風和日麗的天氣或風平浪靜的海洋。quiet用于人時，指生性安靜的；用于自然界時，指沒有干擾、喧鬧或騷動。still表示暫時不動、靜止，強調不作出動作。silent沉默的，主要指不說話或不喧鬧。Whenfacingdanger，oneshouldkeepcalm；whentakenphotos，oneshouldkeepstill；whensomeoneelseisasleep，oneshouldkeepquiet；inclass，oneshouldn’tkeepsilentabouttheteacher’squestions.一個人面對危險時，應該保持鎮靜；照相時，要保持不動；當其他人睡覺時，應保持安靜；在課堂上，對老師的提問不應保持沉默。用calm，quiet，still和silent填空(1)Pleasebe’tmakesomuchnoise.(2)Stand_______________whileItakeaphotoofyou.(3)WhateverIaskedhim，Kerrystillkept________________.(4)Wemustbe_________________inanemergency.(5)Afterthestorm，theseawas_______________..6....youareconcernedabouthim/her...你擔心他/她……We’reratherconcernedaboutfather’shealth.我們相當擔心父親的健康。Iamconcernedaboutmylittlebrother.我關心我的小弟弟。concerned既是concern的過去分詞，也可用作形容詞，作表語或定語；beconcernedabout意為關心……，為……而擔心。concernv.影響；涉及；n.擔心，憂慮；關心asfaras...beconcerned關于；至于；就……而言beconcernedoversth.＝beconcernedaboutsth.為某事擔憂；關心……beconcernedwith/in牽涉到，與……有關Everyonewhowasconcernedintheaffairregretsitverymuch.參與此事的人對此都深感遺憾。AsfarasIamconcerned，Iamagainsttheplan.就我個人而言，我反對這計劃。Thismatterconcernsthehealthygrowthofthechildrendeeply.這件事對孩子們的健康成長影響極大。It’snoconcernofmine.這事與我無關。Sheshowedgreatconcernaboutyou.她很為你擔心。用適當的介詞填空(1)Heissaidtohavebeenconcerned__________thecrime.(2)Rescuerswereconcerned_____________thesafetyofthementrappedinthefloods.(3)Thegovernmentexpressedtheirconcern_______thelifeofthelaid-offworkers.(4)Thefellowwasconcerned____________thematter.7....，orwouldnotunderstandwhatyouaregoingthrough.……或者并不理解你所經歷的事情。Mostfamilieswentthroughalotinthewar.戰爭中多數家庭經歷過很多困難。Ican’tgothroughthelettersinanhour.一個小時的時間我可審閱不完這些信。Theplandidn’tgothroughtheCEO.這計劃未被CEO接受。Hehasgonethroughallhismoneyforhisillness.他因病而花光了所有的錢。gothrough意為經歷，經受；仔細查看；通過；用光，無被動語態。用適當的介、副詞填空(1)Thecountryhasgone___________________toomanywarssincetheancienttimes.(2)Timegoes______________slowly.(3)Thestudentsaregoing________________theirlessonsforthecomingexam.(4)Youshouldn’tbuyhousesbecausetheirpriceisgoing____________..(5)Humanbeingsshouldn’tgo_____________naturetolive.don’twanttosetdownaseriesoffacts...我不想只是記下一系列的事實……Youdon’thavetosetdownallthatourteachersaid.你不必把老師講的都記下來。HowshallIsetmyselfdowninthehotelregister?在旅館的登記簿上，我應如何登記自己的身份呢？setdown意為記下，寫下，系動副搭配。(1)他不愿把老師說的記下來。Hewouldn’t______________-whattheteachersaid.(2)她早飯后著手寫報告并且中午就交上了。She_____________________thereportafterbreakfastandhandeditinatnoon.(3)你要是想趕上那班火車，咱們最好馬上動身去火車站。Ifyouwanttocatchthattrain，we’dbetter_________________forthestationimmediately.asthemoongavefartoomuchlight，Ididn’tdareopenawindow.但是因為月光太亮了，我不敢打開窗戶。Thequestionismuchtoodifficultforme.這個問題對我來說太難了。Hedrinkstoomuchwine.他酒喝得太多。Hetalkstoomuch.他話說得太多。Toomuchhasbeensaidonthissubject.對于這個話題說得夠多了。Youhaveofferedmetoomuch.你給我的太多了。Theworkistoomuchfortheboy.對于這個男孩來說，這活兒太多了。toomuch意為過多，太多，其中much是中心詞，too對其進行修飾。much可作形容詞，修飾不可數名詞；可作副詞，修飾動詞；可作代詞，在句中作主語、賓語和表語。muchtoo意為太，非常，其中too是中心詞，是副詞，常修飾形容詞和副詞。用toomuch，muchtoo填空(1)He’sdrunk____________wine，andhewas____________puzzledwhattodo.(2)Thepriceofthecomputersis_______________high.(3)Theladyspent_____________moneyonthenewclothes.(4)Thetripis______________fortheoldman.【導學】二：重點句型1.Iwonderifit’sbecauseIhaven’tbeenabletobeoutdoorsforsolongthatI’vegrownsocrazyabouteverythingtodowithnature.我不知道這是不是因為我長久無法出門的緣故，我變得對一切與大自然有關的事物都無比狂熱。ItwasyesterdaythatImetAnninthestreet.我是昨天在街上遇見安的。Itishewhoisgoingtospeakattheschoolmeeting.是他要在校會上發言。ItwasinthestreetthatImetmyoldfriendyesterday.昨天我是在街上碰到了我的老朋友。Wasityouthat/wholetoutthesecrettoher?是你把這個秘密泄露給她的嗎？本句是一個復雜的主從復合句，主句是Iwonder，if引導的是賓語從句，其含有一個強調句型結構，其結構是Itis/was＋被強調部分＋that從句。強調句型可對句中的主語、賓語、表語、狀語等進行強調，若強調的主語是人，后面的that也可用who代替，可譯為“正是……”。(1)強調結構的一般疑問句是“Is/Wasit...that...？”形式。WasitfromQingHuaUniversitythathegraduated?到底清華大學是不是他畢業的學校？(2)強調結構的特殊疑問句用“特殊疑問詞＋is/wasitthat...？”形式。Whenwasitthatyoumethim?你到底是什么時候見到他的？(3)被強調部分是時間狀語(從句)或地點狀語(從句)時，不用when和where，而只能用that。ItwaslastnightthatIsawyourbrotherinthestreet.我是昨天晚上在街上見到你哥哥的。ItwasinthestreetthatIsawyourbrotherlastnight.昨天晚上我是在街上見到你哥哥的。(4)在強調句型中，要注意人稱代詞的使用。強調主語時，人稱代詞用主格；強調賓語時，人稱代詞用賓格。(×)Itwasherandmewhowenttoseehimyesterday.(√)ItwassheandIwhowenttoseehimyesterday.(強調主語)昨天是我和她去看的他。(×)ItwashethatsheandIwenttoseeyesterday.(√)ItwashimthatsheandIwenttoseeyesterday.(強調賓語)昨天我和她去看的是他。canwellrememberthattherewasatimewhenadeepbluesky，thesongofthebirds，moonlightandflowerscouldneverhavekeptmespellbound.我非常清楚地記得，以前，湛藍的天空、鳥兒的歌唱、月光和鮮花，從未令我心馳神往過。Therewasatimewhenmenwerevaluedmorethanwomen.曾經一度人們重男輕女。Thereweretimeswhenpeoplehuntanimalsblindly.曾經一度人們盲目地捕獵動物。Thereis/wasatimewhen...意為有一時期或有些時候，其中when引導的是定語從句。thetimewhen...……的那段時光Weallrememberthetimewhenwewerelivinginthefarm.我們都記得生活在農場上的那段時光。(1)Doyouknow______________________________________________(他們曾經一度是好朋友)?(2)Heforgotthetime_______________________________(和她一塊工作的時光).12....Istayedawakeonpurposeuntilhalfpasteleveninordertohaveagoodlookatthemoonbymyself.直到11點半，我故意不睡覺，為的是獨自好好看看月亮。Hecamehereonpurposetotellyouthetruth.他來這兒專門告訴你真相。Inordertocatchupwithothers，youshouldtryharder.為了趕上別人，你應更加努力。Hehidhimselfamongthetreesinordernottobecaught.為了不被逮住，他藏在樹林中。onpurpose意為故意地，與purposely同義，故意做某事為dopurpose；inorderto意為為了，其后接動詞原形，其否定形式為inordernotto，在句中作的句子成分是目的狀語。(1)for/withthepurposeof為了/帶著……的目的Ameetingwascalledforthepurposeofmakingadecision.為做出一項決定而召開了會議。(2)動詞不定式todo和soastodo在句中也作目的狀語，其中soastodo一般不用在句首。(3)sothat和inorderthat引導的是目的狀語從句，從句中的謂語動詞一般用“could/may/might＋動詞原形”。Theystartedearlysothat/inorderthattheymightarriveontime.他們為了按時到達很早就出發了。(1)他們去北京參加一個重要會議。__________________________________________________________(2)為了能趕上火車，他起得很早。______________________________________________(3)為了不誤早班車，他及早動身。____________________________________________________________2....，itwasthefirsttimeinayearandahalfthatI’dseenthenightfacetoface...這是我一年半以來第一次目睹夜晚……Itisthefirsttimethattheboyhasgonehomealone.這是那個男孩第一次單獨回家。Thiswasthefourthtimeshehadrungyouinaweek.這是她一周內第四次給你打電話。ThiswillbethetenthtimethatIhavevisitedJinan.這將是我第十次參觀濟南。Theywilldebatefacetoface.他們將當面進行辯論。Hisdreamwastomeethisfavouritepopstarfacetoface.他心之向往的是要面對面地見見他心目中的歌星。It’sthe...timethat...意為某人第……次做……。在該句式中，it也可換為this和that；若主句用一般過去時，that從句用過去完成時，若主句用一般現在時和將來時，從句用現在完成時。facetoface意為面對面地，在句中作狀語。face-to-face面對面的(相當于形容詞，常作定語)handinhand手拉手shouldertoshoulder肩并肩sidebyside肩并肩；一起arminarm手挽手用所給的詞或提示完成句子(1)It’sthefirsttimethathe___________________(write)aletterinEnglish.(2)ThatwasthethirdtimethatI____________________be)toBeijing.(3)You’dbetter_____________________________面對面地交談)withTom.【我愛展示】請根據所給的英語單詞寫出相應的漢語釋義series_______gothrough____________facetoface____________upset___________setdown___________dusty___________calm_________aseriesof_____________settle______________onpurpose_________outdoors_____________vet_________entire____________disagree____________recover___________highway_____________thunder_____________pack________________sufferfrom__________suitcase__________atdusk___________concern____________teenager_____________entirely__________loose_________power______________partner_______________addup___________fallinlove____________curtain_____________ignore____________inorderto______________【能力展示】【強化拓展訓練】完成句子Thecountryhas___________________toomanywars.這個國家飽經戰火。have_____________everythingthathappened,asIrememberit.我已經把所發生的一切根據我的記憶記錄下來了.Theteamwillbeplaying__________________matchesinthiscountry.這個隊要在這個國家參加一系列比賽._________________ifsheknowswe’rehere.我很想知道她是否曉得我們在這里.was_____young________youmustexcusehim.他是那樣年輕,你必須原諒他.is_____abeautifulstory_______Ineverforgetit.這個故事那么動人以致于我永遠不會忘記它.7_________________________________wecouldgetagoodmealforlessthan1yuan.曾經有個時候我們不用花1元錢就能飽餐一頓.seemstodothese