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SectionⅣGrammar&Writing現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)閱讀下列句子,體會(huì)黑體部分的用法1.In1996,ImovedtoCanadawithmyhusbandandIhavebeenlivingtheresincethen.2.LiuFanghasbeenplayingpipaforthelastthreehours.3.She'sbeenperformingconcertseverydaysincelastmonth.4.Ihavebeenreadingthebook.5.IhavetraveledtomostofthecitiesinChinasincefiveyearsago.一、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的用法1.持續(xù)性用法即表示一個(gè)從過(guò)去某時(shí)開(kāi)始一直持續(xù)的動(dòng)作,這動(dòng)作可能剛剛停止,也可能還在進(jìn)行。這種時(shí)態(tài)常和allthetime,thisweek,thismonth,allday,allmorning,thesedays,recently等時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用,還常與since或for構(gòu)成的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。What'sthematterwithyou?Ihavebeenwaitingforyoufor3hours.你怎么回事?我已經(jīng)等了你3個(gè)小時(shí)了。Sheisveryhasbeenworkingallmorning.她很累。她工作了一早晨了。ThetowerhasbeenstandingtheresincetheTangDynasty.這座塔自從唐代以來(lái)就一直聳立在那里。2.重復(fù)性用法即表示在一段持續(xù)的時(shí)間內(nèi)動(dòng)作的多次重復(fù),而這個(gè)重復(fù)的動(dòng)作在說(shuō)話時(shí)并不一定在進(jìn)行。Hehasbeenwritingarticlestothenewspapersandmagazinessincehebecameateacher.自從成為老師以來(lái),他一直寫(xiě)文章向報(bào)紙和雜志投稿。Theteacherhasbeentellingustobecarefulalltheterm.這個(gè)學(xué)期,老師一直在告訴我們要細(xì)心。[名師點(diǎn)津]現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)有時(shí)帶有強(qiáng)烈的感情色彩。Toomuchhasbeenhappeningtoday.今天真是一個(gè)多事的日子。二、現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的區(qū)別區(qū)別現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)例句動(dòng)作的完成性表示持續(xù)的,不間斷的動(dòng)作,側(cè)重延續(xù)性,一般不用于否定句強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的結(jié)果Theyhavebeenwideningtheroad.他們?cè)诩訉採(cǎi)R路。(尚未完工)Theyhavewidenedtheroad.他們加寬了馬路。(已完工)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的種類(lèi)只能用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞可用狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞也可用動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞Theyhavebeenpreparingthefinalexam.他們一直在準(zhǔn)備期末考試。Theyhaveknowneachothersincechildhood.他們從孩童時(shí)期就認(rèn)識(shí)。所用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示時(shí)間段或與現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻相連的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)表示不確定的時(shí)間、頻度或包括現(xiàn)在時(shí)刻在內(nèi)的狀語(yǔ)I'vebeenwritingtheletterforhalfanhour.這封信我已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了半個(gè)小時(shí)了。I'vewrittentohimthreetimesthismonth.這個(gè)月我已經(jīng)給他寫(xiě)了三封信了。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào):38300032】1.I(wait)foranhourbutthemanager(notturn)up.2.He(listen)toEnglishprogramssincehecametotheUS,sohe(make)greatprogress.3.Youalways(play)footballafternotgohomeanddoyourhomeworkfirst?4.Wherehaveyoubeen,Dad?We(look)foryoueverywhere.5.Greatchanges(take)placeinourcityinthelast10years.【答案】beenwaiting;hasn'tturnedbeenlistening;hasmade;beenplaying4.havebeenlookingtakenⅡ.單句改錯(cuò)1.Ihavebeenlookedformylostbookforthreedays,butIstillhaven'tfoundit.2.Tomworkedinthecompanyfortenyearsandhedoesn'thavetheintentiontoleave.3.Youhavebeensaidforayearthatyou'llworkhard.4.Itisthethirdtimethatyouvisitedourschool.5.Shehasbeenreadallthemorning;sheoughttohavearest.【答案】→looking前加has→saying后加have→reading如何寫(xiě)電子郵件1.格式:電子郵件的格式與書(shū)信的格式大致相同,基本要素有稱(chēng)謂、正文、結(jié)束語(yǔ)及署名。2.特點(diǎn):電子郵件內(nèi)容要簡(jiǎn)明扼要,緊扣郵件中心,寫(xiě)電子郵件時(shí)應(yīng)按事情的重要性安排敘述的先后順序。3.語(yǔ)言特征:(1)內(nèi)容要寫(xiě)得簡(jiǎn)明扼要、目的明確;(2)態(tài)度要誠(chéng)懇,語(yǔ)氣要委婉禮貌。4.注意事項(xiàng):句式上要避免單一化,要長(zhǎng)短結(jié)合,簡(jiǎn)單句、復(fù)合句交替使用。[亮點(diǎn)句式]1.郵件開(kāi)頭常用句式:Iamverygladtoreceiveyouremail.HowhappyIamwhenIknow...Thanksforyouremail,it'smypleasuretodo...2.結(jié)尾常用句式:Ilookforwardtohearingfromyou.Iwouldbegratefulifyoucould/would...Iwillappreciateitifyoucan...【寫(xiě)作任務(wù)】假設(shè)你是李津,你的美國(guó)朋友Chris就讀于天津某國(guó)際學(xué)校。他熱愛(ài)中國(guó)文化,特別是戲曲文化。8月5日下午2:00在新落成的天津大劇院將上演越劇《梁山伯與祝英臺(tái)》。請(qǐng)你根據(jù)以下提示,用英語(yǔ)給Chris寫(xiě)一封電子郵件,邀請(qǐng)他一起觀看演出。提出邀請(qǐng)并簡(jiǎn)述原因;提出觀劇后活動(dòng)建議(如參觀附近的博物館或美術(shù)館等);請(qǐng)求對(duì)方回復(fù)。注意:1.請(qǐng)使用規(guī)范英語(yǔ),詞數(shù)100左右;2.可適當(dāng)加入細(xì)節(jié),以使內(nèi)容充實(shí)、行文連貫;3.開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已給出,不計(jì)入總詞數(shù)。參考詞匯:越劇ShaoxingOpera《梁山伯與祝英臺(tái)》ButterflyLovers天津大劇院TianjinGrandTheater[審題謀篇]體裁電子郵件話題提出邀請(qǐng)及建議時(shí)態(tài)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)及一般過(guò)去時(shí)人稱(chēng)第一人稱(chēng)[遣詞造句]Ⅰ.詞匯1.befamiliarwith 熟悉2.puton 上演3.a(chǎn)touching/movinglovestory 一個(gè)動(dòng)人的愛(ài)情故事4.beinterestedin 感興趣5.invitegotoseetheopera 邀請(qǐng)某人去看戲6.lookforwardto/longfor 盼望7.inaddition/besides 此外,并且Ⅱ.句式【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào):38300033】1.越劇《梁祝》將于8月5日下午2:00在新落成的天津大劇院上演。ShaoxingOpera,ButterflyLovers,willbeputoninthenewlybuiltTianjingGrandTheaterat2:00p.5th,August.2.讓我們?nèi)タ幢硌莅桑铱隙銜?huì)感興趣的。Let'sgotoseetheperformancebecauseI'msureyou'llbeinterestedinit.3.這是一個(gè)感人的愛(ài)情故事,男主人公是梁山伯,女主人公是祝英臺(tái)。Theplaytellsusatouchinglovestory,whoseheroisLiangShanboandtheheroineofwhichisZhuYingtai.[妙筆成篇]【參考范文】DearChris,IhavegoodnewstotellworldfamousShaoxingOpera,ButterflyLovers,willbeputoninthenewlybuiltTianjinGrandTheaterat2:00p.5th,August.AsfarasIknow,youarefamiliarwithChineseculture,especiallyoperayouaresuretoknowwellabouttheplay,whichisaboutatouchinglovestorybetweenayoungmancalledLiangShanboandayounggirlcalledZhu'ssaidthatitisperformedbysomefamousShaoxingOperayouinterestedinit?Ifso,Icanbookticketforyouinadvanceandlet'sgoandappreciateittogether,willyou?Inaddition,thereisamuseumnearthe,aftertheplay,wecangothereforavisitaswell.Lookingforwardtoyourearlyreply.Yours,LiJin學(xué)業(yè)分層測(cè)評(píng)(十二)Ⅰ.完成句子1.你去什么地方了?我們到處在找你。Wherehaveyoubeen?Weeverywhere.2.他一直在努力工作去實(shí)現(xiàn)夢(mèng)想,現(xiàn)在他夢(mèng)想成真了。Hetorealizehisdream,andnowhisdreamhascometrue.3.電話鈴響了差不多一分鐘。Thetelephoneforalmostaminute.4.最近我們經(jīng)常見(jiàn)面。eachotherquitealotrecently.5.我一直在敲門(mén),我想沒(méi)人在里面。I.Idon'tthinkanybodyisin.【答案】beenlookingforyoubeenworkinghardbeenringing'vebeenseeingbeenknockingⅡ.閱讀理解AAbanonsmokinginpublicplaceshascomeintoforceinChina—hometoathirdoftheworld'ssmokers.Themoveisaimedatcontrollingthenumberofdeathsfromsmoking-relateddiseases,runningatamillionayear.Buttheruleshavebeencriticized,becausetheydonotincludepunishmentsforthosewhochoosetoignorethem.Manybusinessownershatetherulesthatforcethemtobansmokingontheirpremises(經(jīng)營(yíng)場(chǎng)所)becausemanycustomersdonotliketherulesandcomplain.Therulesdonotallowsmokinginplaceslikerestaurants,hotels,railwaystationsortheatres,butnotattheoffice.Employershaveadutytowarnstaffofthedangersofsmokingbutdonothavetoforbidthemfromlightingupattheirdesks.Shanghaiintroducedsimilarrulesayearago,butpeopledonotseemtotakemuchnoticeofyoufindpeoplesmokingatthenexttablewhileyouareeatingyourmealorhavingadrinkinaproblemisthattherulesdonotincludepunishmentsforbusinessesorindividualswhoignorethem.ItappearsthatmanyChinesepeopleareunawareofthedangersofsuggeststhatonlyoneinfourknowstheharmofsecond-handsmokingcancause.Officialssaytheyhavetotrytopersuadepeoplenottosmoketoreducethenumberofpeopledyingfromsmoking-relateddiseases.Atthesametimethegovernmentmakesalotofmoneyfromthesalesofcigarettesbythestate-ownedfirmthatmakesandsellsalltobaccoproductsthroughoutthecountry.【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文主要內(nèi)容是關(guān)于中國(guó)在公共場(chǎng)所禁止吸煙的禁令實(shí)施情況。1.ThenumberofsmokersinChinamakesupaboutoftheworld'ssmokers.A.66% B.44%C.33% D.55%【解析】從文章第一段“...hometoathirdoftheworld'ssmokers.”可知答案。【答案】C2.Wecanreplacetheunderlinedpartinthepassagewith.A.a(chǎn)reconcernedabout B.a(chǎn)recuriousaboutC.don'tknow D.don'tcare【解析】從下一句話可知本句句意:好像很多中國(guó)人并不知道吸煙的危害。故C項(xiàng)正確。【答案】C3.Whyhavetherulesbeencriticizedbysomepeople?A.Becausethosepeopledon'twanttobepunished.B.Becausetheydonotincludepunishmentsforthosewhochoosetoignoretherules.C.Becausetherulesareignoredbyallthepeoplewhosmoke.D.Becausenobodytakesnoticeoftherules.【解析】從第三段可知B項(xiàng)正確。【答案】B4.Ifthegovernmentwantstobansmokinginpublicplaces,.A.onlyrelyoneducatingpeopleB.takemoreeffectivemeasuresC.dopunishthosewhoignoretherulesD.letpeopleknowmoreaboutthedangersofsmoking【解析】從文章第三段到文章最后都說(shuō)明一個(gè)事情,政府如果想在公共場(chǎng)所徹底禁煙,就必須懲罰不理睬這些規(guī)定的人。【答案】CBThesoundofmusicslowlyfillstheconcerthallasanorchestrabeginstohigh,brightnotesofaviolinarefollowedbythelow,richsoundofaadrumstartsthisisnoordinaryviolinismadefromasaladbowlandpiecesofstringsareheldinplacewithasaxophoneismadefromametalpipeandcoins.ThegroupiscalledtheRecycled'smadeupof20teensfromtheSouthAmericancountryofliveinCateura,asmall,poorvillagejustoutsideParaguay'scapital,Asunción.TheteensplayfamouspiecesofclassicalmusicbyMozartandtheyalsoplayrockmusicbytheBeatlesandotherbythesound,you'dneverknowtheirinstrumentsaremadefromitemstossedintothetrash.“Theworldsendsussendbackmusic,”saysFavioChisthemusicteacherwhofoundedtheRecycledOrchestra.Formostofthe2,500familiesinCateura,thelandfillistheirresidentsworkastrashsearchforscrapstheycansellasrecyclablehalfthechildrenintheareadon'tfinishschoolbecausetheirparentsneedthemtowork.Tokeepthekidsoutoftrouble,Chvezstartedamusicschoolsixyearsthereweremorekidsthaninstruments,andtherewasnomoneytobuynewinstruments.AresourcefultrashpickernamedNicolsGómezcametotheformercarpenter,Gómezmadeaviolinfromscrapsofdebris.“Ineverimaginedmyselfbuildinganinstrumentlikethis,”he,awholeorchestrawasformedfromrecycledmaterials.Theyoungmusicianshavebeengainingattentionoutside'vegivenconcertsinBrazil,Colombia,andplantoperformintheU.thisyear,attheMusicalInstrumentMuseuminPhoenix,Thirteen-year-oldAdaRíosplaystheviolinintheRecycledOrchestra.“WhenIlistentothesoundoftheviolin,Ifeelbutterfliesinmystomach,”shesays.“It'safeelingthatIdon'tknowhowtoexplain.”【語(yǔ)篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了南非中部國(guó)家巴拉圭的一個(gè)青少年樂(lè)隊(duì)。他們的樂(lè)器都是用垃圾廢品制成的,但這并不影響他們的精彩演出。5.Itisimpliedinthefirstparagraphthat.A.theorchestraiswell-knownintheworldB.theconcertisunusualforthestrangeinstrumentsC.a(chǎn)lltheinstrumentsaremadefromtrashD.themusicoftheconcertisinamess【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中對(duì)幾種樂(lè)器的描述(小提琴用色拉碗、木頭、叉子制成,薩克斯管用金屬管子和硬幣制成)可知,這里提到的樂(lè)器都是由垃圾制造的,故選C。【答案】C6.WhatChvezsaysinsuggeststhathe.A.lovesmusicverymuchB.isangryattoomuchgarbageC.considerstheworldtobeunfairD.isproudofhisstudents【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的信息“Theworldsendsussendbackmusic(世界給了我們垃圾,我們還給它音樂(lè))”可知,他對(duì)于學(xué)生們能夠利用這些垃圾做成的樂(lè)器演奏表示贊賞,故選D。【答案】D7.FromwhatAdasaysinthelastparagraph,weknow.A.sheisnervousaboutplayingtheviolinB.musichasinfluencedherlifepositivelyC.shecan'texplainherfeelingsinmusicD.musicmakesherhaveastomachachesometimes【解析】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的信息“WhenIlistentothesoundoftheviolin,Ifeelbutterfliesinmystomach”和“It'safeelingthatIdon'tknowhowtoexplain”可知,她演奏音樂(lè)時(shí)的心情難以言表,因此選C項(xiàng)。【答案】C8.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A.Anorchestraperformsbeautifulmusicforteens.B.Teenmusiciansmakemusicinstrumentsoutoftrash.C.Ateenageorchestramakesmusicfromrecycledgarbage.D.Teenshopeforabrighterfuturethroughmusic.【解析】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了南非的一個(gè)青少年樂(lè)隊(duì)利用由垃圾制成的樂(lè)器演奏世界名曲的情況,同時(shí)還介紹了樂(lè)隊(duì)成立的原因等,因此C項(xiàng)符合主旨。【答案】CⅢ.語(yǔ)法填空【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào):38300050】Peoplearoundtheworldmayfeelthattheclimate1.(get)steadilywarmerandwarmerinrecent2.usedtobeabundantinsnowfallhavefrequentlyexperiencedsnowfree(無(wú)雪的)last3.(long)insomedryfindthat4.airconditionerstheycouldhardlyworkorfallasleepinhotsummerdays.Thesideeffectsofglobalwarmingare.warmingglobalclimatemeltstheicecaps,raisingsea6.(level).Whatismore,7.disturbsweatherpatterns,causingdroughts,severestormsandsufferalotfromdisastersrelevanttoglobal.(stop)globalwarming,weshouldmakeimmediateand9.(continue)hopethesituationwillsoonwarmingcatchesandholdsourconcern,10.itaffectsusandwillaffectourlatercannotwaitanyititrightnow.1.【解析】現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去的某一動(dòng)作一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,而且還可能持續(xù)下去。【答案】hasbeengetting2.【解析】引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,并在從句中作主語(yǔ),故填which/that。【答案】which/that3.【解析】由語(yǔ)境可知此處應(yīng)該用副詞的比較級(jí)。【答案】longer4.【解析】在炎熱的夏天人們?cè)跊](méi)有空調(diào)的情況下幾乎不能工作或睡覺(jué)。【答案】without5.【解析】前面多次提到氣候變暖,是特指,故用定冠詞。【答案】The6.【解析】根據(jù)句意,可知冰蓋融化,導(dǎo)致海平面升高。【答案】levels7.【解析】用it指代上文的thewarmingglobalclimate。【答案】it8.【解析】不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。【答案】Tostop9.【解析】和前面的形容詞immediate并列作定語(yǔ),修飾名詞efforts。【答案】continuous10.【解析】連詞,表原因。【答案】for/becauseⅣ.短文改錯(cuò)Li
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