山西省呂梁市北張中學2021年高一英語期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.TheNBAis_____organizationofprofessional（職業的）basketballplayersintheUSA.

A.a

B.an

C.the

D./參考答案：B2.ThenumberofforeignstudentsattendingChineseuniversities_____risingsteadilysince1990.A.is

B.are

C.hasbeen

D.havebeen

參考答案：C3.JackandIarecloseclassmates,butIdidn’t_____himwithamaskonyesterday.A.find

B.recognize

C.know

D.realize參考答案：B4.21stCenturyis______anewspaper．IthelpsustoimproveourEnglishalot．

A．nolessthan

B．nomorethan

C．lessthan

D．morethan參考答案：d略5.Healwayspreferstorideabicycleratherthan______acrowdedbus.A.taking

B.take

C.took

D.taken參考答案：B6.China'sfirstself-designedmodembridgereopenedtoroadtraffic,

weChineseweresoproudwhenitwasbuilt50yearsago.A.towhich

B.forwhichC.inwhich

D.ofwhich參考答案：D【詳解】考查定語從句。句意：中國第一座自行設計的現代化大橋對道路運輸重新開放，50年前它被建造，我們中國人為之自豪。

weChineseweresoproudwhenitwasbuilt50yearsago.是一個定語從句，先行詞是China'sfirstself-designedmodembridge，關系詞在從句中作賓語，指物，beproudof以……而驕傲，介詞提到關系代詞的前面，故選D。7.WhenIwasataloss,thethoughtoftravelingabroaddid____tome.A.occur

B.happen

C.strike

D.belong參考答案：A8.Thegeneralatlastgotachancetovisitthevillage_______heusedtofight,_____hehadbeendreamingofforyears.A.that/which B.where/that C.where/which

D.inwhich/what參考答案：C9.Marydiddosomebadthingsaboutme,butIhave______herforthat.A.regretted

B.freed

C.relaxed

D.forgiven參考答案：D10.

LittleTomadmitted______intheexamination,______thathewouldn’tdothatinthefuture.A.tocheat;topromise

B.cheating;promised

C.havingcheated;promising

D.tohavecheated;promised參考答案：C11.Alienhadtocallataxibecausetheboxwas_____tocarryallthewayhome．

A.muchtooheavy

B.toomuchheavy

C.heavytoomuch

D.tooheavymuch參考答案：A略12.Inthislecture,Icanonlygiveyouapurely______viewofhowwecanlivelifetothefullandmakesomesuggestionsaboutthefuture.A.precious

B.unique

C.different

D.personal

參考答案：D13.Weshouldnot_______smallmistakes,ortheymightleadtobigaccidents.A.hurt

B.ignore

C.recover

D.dislike參考答案：B14.___sheisyoung,sheknowsquitealot.

A.When

B.However

C.Although

D.Unless參考答案：C15.Ourneighbor,_____nameisCharlesAlison,willsailtomorrow.A.whose

Bwhosehis

C.his

D.ofwhom參考答案：A16.Weareoftenwarnedthatsmoking______greatharmtoourhealth.

A.does

B.leaves

C.makes

D.gives參考答案：A略17.—Didthenaughtyboybreaktheglassbychance?

—No,______.

A.ofcourse

B.onpurpose

C.byhand

D.forpleasure參考答案：B略18.Ifyoucheatintheexam,youwillnever__________it.A.getawayfrom

B.runawayfromC.putupwith

D.getawaywith參考答案：D二、書面表達19.每年的10月31日是聯合國確定的“世界勤儉日”。假設你是李華，你最近給你在美國的朋友Mike的一封e-mail中專門討論了“勤儉”的問題。你的e-mail內容應包括：1)指出校園內中學生花錢如水，沒有節約的概念；2)分析產生這一現象原因(獨生子女；生活水平的提高；追求時髦等)；3)你對“節儉”的看法。注意：1．字數：110左右。2．開頭和結尾已寫好，不計入總字數。3．參考詞匯：世界勤儉日：WorldThriftDay;花銷：expenditure;現象：phenomenonDearMike，How'severythinggoing?Asyouknow,WorldThriftDayfallsonOctober31.SothistimeI'dliketodiscussthriftwithyou.Inrecentyears,themonthlyexpenditureofmiddleschoolstudentshasbeenonthesharprise.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Howaboutyourpointaboutthrift?Bestwishes!YoursfaithfullyLiHua參考答案：DearMike，How'severythinggoing?Asyouknow,WorldThriftDayfallsonOctober31.SothistimeI'dliketodiscussthriftwithyou.Inrecentyears,themonthlyexpenditureofmiddleschoolstudentshasbeenonthesharprise.Manyofthemspendmoneylikewaterandhavenoconceptofthriftintheirminds.Thisphenomenoniscausedbythefollowingfactors.Firstofall,nowadaysmostofstudentsaretheonlychildrenoftheirfamilies.Naturally,theygetmorecareandpocketmoney.Secondly,withtheimprovementoflivingstandard,parentscanaffordhigherexpenditureoftheirchildren.Thirdly,somestudentsliketopursuefashionandtrends,whichtendstoneedmoremoney.Frommypointofview,middlestudentsshouldlearntobethrifty.Weshouldlimitourexpenditureinourdailylife.Thehabitofthriftcanhelpusformrightvaluesandisfavorabletoourfuturedevelopment.Howaboutyourpointaboutthrift?Bestwishes!YoursfaithfullyLiHua【分析】本篇書面表達屬于應用文，要求寫一封電子郵件。【詳解】第1步：根據提示可知，本篇為一封電子郵件：每年的10月31日是聯合國確定的“世界勤儉日”。假設你是李華，你最近給你在美國的朋友Mike的一封e-mail中專門討論了“勤儉”的問題。你的e-mail內容應包括：1)指出校園內中學生花錢如水，沒有節約的概念；2)分析產生這一現象的原因(獨生子女；生活水平的提高；追求時髦等)；3)你對“節儉”的看法。第2步：根據寫作要求，確定關鍵詞（組），如：WorldThriftDay（世界勤儉日）；onthesharprise（急劇上升）；causedbythefollowingfactors（被下面的因素引起）；withtheimprovementoflivingstandard（隨著生活水平的提高）；等。第3步：根據提示及關鍵詞（組）進行遣詞造句，注意主謂一致和時態問題。第4步：連句成文，注意使用恰當的連詞進行句子之間的銜接與過渡，書寫一定要規范清晰，保持整潔美觀的卷面是非常重要的。【點睛】本文內容完整，語言規范，語篇連貫，詞數適當。另外全文中沒有中國式英語的句式，顯示了很高的駕馭英語的能力。同時文中使用高級句子。Asyouknow,WorldThriftDayfallsonOctober31.句中as引導非限制性定語從句；Thisphenomenoniscausedbythefollowingfactors.句中使用被動語態；somestudentsliketopursuefashionandtrends,whichtendstoneedmoremoney.句中使用定語從句；另外，Asyouknow,Inrecentyears,Firstofall,Secondly,Thirdly,Frommypointofview,等的運用為文章增色添彩。20.書面表達（滿分25分）假設你是高一學生李華，你的美國朋友Alice想要了解你升入高中后的大致情況。你給她寫一封郵件，要點包括：學校概況新校園干凈美麗；有大型操場和閱覽室。教師最喜歡英語老師，他是你的第一位男英語老師，他的教學方法與眾不同，使我們很感興趣。同學友好、勤奮感受高中新生活開始了，要努力取得更大的進步。DearAlice,Howareyoudoing?I’lltellyousomethingabout

first.Mynewschoolisvery

.Thereisalarge

anda

.Ilikemy

best,whoismyfirst

ofEnglish.Histeachingmethodisnothinglikethatoftheothers.What’smore,hemakesus

inclass.Allmyclassmatesare

.We’relivinganewlifeandtryingto

inourlessons.

.

Yours,

LiHua參考答案：三、閱讀理解21.“Myworkisdone.”ThosewordsweresomeofthelastpennedbyGeorgeEastman.Heincludedtheminhissuicidenote.Theymarkanignobleendtoanoblelife,theleavetakingofatrulygreatman.Thesamewordscouldnowbesaidforthecompanyheleftbehind.Actually,theEastmanKodakCompanyisthrough.Ithasbeenmismanagedfinancially,technologicallyandcompetitively.For20years,itsleadershavefoolishlyspentdownthepatrimonyofacentury’sprosperity.OneofAmerica’sbedrockbrandsisabouttodisappear,theKodakmomenthaspassed.ButGeorgeEastmanisnothowhedied,andtheEastmanKodakCompanyisnothowitisbeingkilled.Thoughtheendsbeneedlessandpremature,theymustnotbeallowedtoovershadowthegreatnessthatcamebefore.Fewcompanieshavedonesomuchgoodforsomanypeople,ordefinedandliftedsoprofoundlythespiritofanationandperhapstheworld.Itisimpossibletounderstandthe20thCenturywithoutrecognizingtheroleoftheEastmanKodakCompany.Kodakservedmankindthroughentertainment,science,nationaldefenseandthestockpilingoffamilymemories.KodaktookustothetopofMountSuribachiandtotheSeaofTranquility.ItintroducedustothemerryoldLandofOzandtostarsfromCharlieChaplintoJohnWayne,andElizabethTaylortoTomHanks.ItshowedustheshotthatkilledPresidentKennedy,andhisbrotherbleedingoutonakitchenfloor,andafallenMartinLutherKingJr.onthehardbalconyofaMemphismotel.Whenthatsailorkissedthenurse,andwhenthespyplanessawmissilesinCuba,Kodakwastheeyesofanation.FromthedeckoftheMissouritothegrandeurofMonumentValley,Kodaktookusthere.Virtuallyeverysignificantimageofthe20thCenturyisagifttoposterity（繁榮）fromtheEastmanKodakCompany.Inaneraofeasydigitalphotography,whenwecantakeapictureofanythingatanytime,wecannotimaginewhatlifewaslikebeforeGeorgeEastmanbroughtphotographytopeople.Yes,therewerephotographers,andforlylargesumsofmoneytheywouldtakestilted（不自然的）picturesinstudiosandformalsettings.Butmostpeoplecouldn’taffordphotographs,andsoalltheyhadtorememberdistantlovedones,orearliertimesoftheirlives,wasmemory.Childrencouldnotknowwhattheirparentshadlookedlikeasyoungpeople,grandparentsfarawaymightneverlearnwhattheirgrandchildrenlookedlike.EastmanKodakallowedmemorytomovefromtheuncertaintyofrecollection,tothepermanenceofaphotograph.Butitwasn’tjustpeoplewhosefeaturesweresavable;itwasevents,thesacredandprecioustimesthatfamiliescherish.TheKodakmoment,washumanity’smoment.Anditwasn’tjustpeoplewhosefeaturesweresavable;itwasevents,theprecioustimesthatfamiliescherish.Kodakletthefleetingmomentsofbirthdaysandweddings,picnicsandparties,bepreservedandsaved.Itallowedforthecreationofthemostegalitarianartform.Loverscouldtakeoneanother’spictures,childrenwerephotographedwalkingoutthedooronthefirstdayofschool,thepersonreleasingtheshutterdecidedwhatwasworthrecording,andhundredsofmillionsofsuchdecisionsweremade.Andforcenturiestocome,thoselongdeadwillsmileanddanceandcommunicatetotheirunbornprogeny（子孫）.Familyhistorywillbenotonlynamesonpaper,butsmilesonfaces.Thecashflownotjustprovidedthousandsofpeoplewithjob,butalsoallowedthecompany’sfoundertoengageinsomeofthemostgenerouscharityinAmerica’shistory.NotjustinKodak’shomecityofRochester,NewYork,butinTuskegeeandLondon,andattheMassachusettsInstituteofTechnology.Hebankrolled（資助）twohistoricallyblackcolleges,fixedtheteethofEurope’spoor,andquietlydidgoodwhereverhecould.Whiledoinggood,Kodakdidverywell.Overalltheyears,alltheKodakersoveralltheyearsareessentialpartsofthatmonumentallegacy.Theyprosperedagreatcompany,butthey–withthatcompany–blessedtheworld.ThatiswhatweshouldrememberabouttheEastmanKodakCompany.Likeitsfounder,weshouldrememberhowitlived,nothowitdied.Historywillforgetthesmallmenwhohavescuttledthiscompany.ButhistorywillneverforgetKodak.29.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingistoblameforthefallofKodak?A.TheinventionofeasydigitalphotographyB.ThepoormanagementofthecompanyC.TheearlydeathofGeorgeEastmanD.Thequickriseofitsbusinesscompetitors30.ItcanbelearntfromthepassagethatGeorgeEastman

.A.diedanaturaldeathofoldage.B.happenedtobeonthespotwhenPresidentKennedywasshotdead.C.setuphiscompanyinthecapitaloftheUSbeforesettingupitsbranchesallovertheworld.D.wasnotonlyinterestedincommercialprofits,butalsointheimprovementofotherpeople’slives.31．BeforeGeorgeEastmanbroughtphotographytopeople,

.A.nophotoshaseverbeentakenofpeopleoreventsB.photoswereveryexpensiveandmostlytakenindoorsC.paintingwastheonlywayforpeopletokeeparecordoftheirancestors.D.grandparentsneverknewwhattheirgrandchildrenlookedlike.參考答案：29．B30．D31．B22.ThePacificislandnationofNauruusedtobeabeautifulplace．Nowitisanecologicaldisasterarea．Nauru’sheartbreakingstorycouldhaveonegoodconsequence—othercountriesmightlearnfromitsmistakes．Forthousandsofyears,PolynesianpeoplelivedintheremoteislandofNauru,farfromwesterncivilization．ThefirstEuropeantoarrivewasJohnFearnin1798．HewastheBritishcaptainoftheHunter,awhalingship．HecalledtheislandPleasantIsland．However,becauseitwasveryremote,NauruhadlittlecommunicationwithEuropeansatfirst．Thewhalingshipsandothertradersbegantovisit,bringinggunsandalcohol．Theseelementsdestroyedthesocialbalanceofthetwelvefamilygroupsontheisland．Aten-yearcivilwarstarted,whichreducedthepopulationfrom1,400to900．Nauru’srealtroublesbeganin1899whenaBritishminingcompanydiscoveredphosphate(磷酸鹽)ontheisland．Infact,itfoundthattheislandofNauruwasnearlyallphosphate,whichwasaveryimportantfertilizerforfarming．Thecompanybeganminingthephosphate．Aphosphatemineisnotaholeintheground;itisastripmine．Whenacompanystrip-mines,itremovesthetoplayerofsoil．Thenittakesawaythematerialitwants．Stripminingtotallydestroystheland．Gradually,thelovelyislandofNaurustartedtolooklikethemoon．In1968,Naurubecameoneoftherichestcountriesintheworld．Everyyearthegovernmentreceivedmillionsandmillionsofdollarsforitsphosphate．Unfortunately,theleadersinvestedthemoneyunwiselyandlostmillionsofdollars．I