?2005PallEuropeLimited頗爾液-液聚結器介紹Liquid/LiquidCoalescersPresentation2006-07-01TypesofEmulsions乳化液類型水分散在油中油分散在水中EmulsionStability穩定乳化水在油中形成反膠囊結構EmulsionStability穩定乳化空間排斥EmulsionStability穩定乳化靜電排斥WhatDoesaLiquid/LiquidCoalescerDo?聚結器如何工作1）Captureofsmalldroplets(1-10microns)

捕捉1~10微米的小液滴2）Growthorcoalescenceofsmalldropletsintolargedrops(millimeter)

由小液滴通過碰撞（聚結）成毫米級大液滴3）Releaseoflargedropsfromcoalescermedium

大液滴從聚結濾芯介質脫落4）Separationofdropsfromcontinuousphasebygravity/buoyancy(horizontal)orbygravity/separatorcartridge(vertical)

通過重力或分離濾芯將大液滴分離e.g.Removingfreewaterfromfuel例如：油中脫水CoalescingMechanism聚結機理CoalescingMechanism聚結機理Smalldroplets小液滴LargeDroplets大液滴Gravity重力分離?2005PallEuropeLimitedLiquid/LiquidCoalescers

液-液聚結器原理ThreeStages:三個階段Filtration 過濾Coalescence聚結Separation 分離Separationoftwoimmiscibleliquids 用來分離兩種不相溶的液體?2005PallEuropeLimitedFactorsAffectingCoalescence

影響聚結的因素InterfacialTension:IFT,indyne/cm

界面張力：IFT，單位dyne/cmViscosity,Density

流體黏度、密度Temperature

溫度Presenceofadditives

表面活性劑?2000PallEuropeLimitedInnovationfromPall 頗爾的創新SeparationofEmulsions,evenwhenverystable頗爾可以分離穩定的乳化液ConventionalCoalescersbecomeinefficientatIFTlevelsbelow20dyne/cm.傳統的產品在液體界面張力低于20dyne/cm就會失效IFTcanbeaslowas0.5dyne/cm

頗爾可以分離液體界面張力低于0.5

dyne/cmEffectivedowntosolubilitylimitsofthephases頗爾可以把欲分離的液相除到溶解度的水平Evenifproductcontainsadditives 不受表面活性劑的影響?2005PallEuropeLimited

CausticremovalfromLPG,KERO,Gasoline,Diesel液化氣、煤油、汽油和柴油脫鹼 IFT=0.5~12dynes/cm

WaterremovalfromLPG,KERO,Gasoline,Diesel液化氣、煤油、汽油和柴油脫水 IFT=15~24dynes/cm

ExtractiveMerox&AmineremovalfromLPGMerox工藝和液化氣脫胺 IFT=1~8dynes/cmH/Cremovalfromsourwater(SWSprotection)酸性水脫油IFT=0.5~10dynes/cmIFTsoffluidsofRefinery–PallSLS煉油廠油品的IFT值范圍Liquid/LiquidCoalescers

液-液聚結器的種類Twotypesofcoalescers:兩種液-液聚結器AquaSep

PlusandPhaseSep一種叫AquaSep

Plus另一種叫PhaseSep?2005PallEuropeLimitedVERTICALHOUSING 立式結構SeparationoffreewaterfromFuelorChemicalsIFTat>3dynes/cm

從油中分水，界面張力大于3dynes/cmCoalescercartridgesitsontopofSeparator聚結和分離濾芯重疊設計?2005PallEuropeLimited乳化液油出口預過濾聚結器水出口VERTICALHOUSING 立式結構HORIZONTALHOUSING臥式結構IFT<3dyne/cm

界面張力小于3dynes/cmRemovaloforganicsfromwater 水中除油Removalofwaterfromorganics 油中脫水Compatibilityisanissue?2005PallEuropeLimitedHORIZONTALHOUSING臥式結構AquaSep?Plus 液-液聚結器IntegralPrefilterUltipleat?Ultipor?III內置預過濾Coalescercoupledwithseparator聚結和分離濾芯重疊設計Coalescer:lengthis20insor40insthisisafunctionoftheviscosityofthefluid聚結濾芯有20英寸和40英寸長度Separator:lengthis20insandishydrophobicallytreated

分離濾芯20英寸長度?2005PallEuropeLimitedAquaSep?Plus Applications

AquaSep?Plus聚結器應用RefineryfinalproductGasoline 汽油Diesel 柴油JetFuel 煤油LiquidPetroleumGas(LPG)PetrochemicalsandChemicals石油化工、化工Intermediateproducts 中間產品Finalproducts最終產品AquaSep?Plus液-液聚結器Reduceconcentrationoffreewater

脫除游離水Morethan3%vol.downto15ppmv

入口3%脫除到15ppmwSeparationofverystableemulsions,characterizedbyIFT’saslowas3dynes/cm

可以分離界面張力低于3dyne/cm穩定的乳化液HigherefficiencyandmorestableseparationthantheSaltdryers

與鹽干燥相比塔具有高效率、高可靠性AquaSep?Plus液-液聚結器WaterfromDieselSeparation

柴油脫水PhaseSep?液-液聚結器UsedforseparationofliquidswherematerialsofconstructionofAquaSep?Plus

arenotcompatible.用來分離不適合AquaSep?兩種不相溶的液體Attemperature>65°Cupto150°C使用溫度大于65°C到150°CpHvalues1to13PH1~13PhaseSep? Performance性能SeparationofEmulsions From10%downtothelimitsofsolubilityofwater/organics(hydrocarbon,solvent…)可以將含水（油）10%乳化液分離到溶解度的水平DesignedforseparationofverystableemulsionsIFTaslowas0.5dyne/cm可以分離界面張力小于0.5dynes/cm的穩定乳化液LargeRangeChemicalCompatibiltypH1to13Maximumoperatingtemperature=150°C化學相容性很寬。PH1~13,最大使用溫度150°CPhaseSep?

Performance 性能RemovalofCausticWaterinSulfrex*andMerox**units

可以用于Sulfrex*和Merox**工藝中從油中 脫除堿液脫除IFT<1.0dyne/cm界面張力<1.0dynes/cmEfficiency:Solubilitylimits分離到溶解度的水平*SULFREXisatrademarkofIFP**MEROXisatrademarkofUOPSeparationofCausticWaterfromCumene Productionofphenol 可以用于苯酚工藝中從異丙苯中脫除堿液脫除upstreamwaterupto10%vol.入口含水10%downstreamsodium<0.5ppm 出口鈉離子含量小于0.5ppmSeparationwith'PhaseSep'coalescersreducesneedforwashwater-costashighas500,000EURO

采用PhaseSep聚結器取代三級水洗工藝可以節省投資50萬歐元PhaseSep?Performance性能PhaseSep?

Applications應用RemovalCausticfromPetroleumProducts(Merox*andSulfrex**process)用于Sulfrex*和Merox**工藝中從油中脫除堿液脫除Separationoforganicpollutionfromwater

水中脫除油Separationoforganic(anthroquinonesolution)fromhydrogenperoxide

雙氧水中脫除油RemovalofAmines/WaterfromHydrocarbonfluids油中脫除胺/水SeparationofOilfromliquidNH3液氨中脫油*MEROXisatrademarkofUOP**SULFREXisatrademarkofIFPAquaSep?Plus/PhaseSep?Benefits

頗爾聚結器優勢NoProblemwithDisarming永不失效Surfactantmoleculescausedisarmingwithfibreglass表面活性劑會導致玻璃纖維失效Surfactants:表面活性Detergents去垢劑inhibitoradditives緩蝕劑Sulphur硫化物PallCoalescersdonot containglassfibre 頗爾的濾芯不含有玻璃纖維Lowmaintenancecost維護費用低Canbefittedwithautomaticdrainvalves可以設計成自動排液Coalescerlife2yearormorewhenprotectedbyanAbsoluteprefilter濾芯在預過濾保護下使用壽命達2年以上Capableofcopingwithvariationsinprocessconditions適應工藝的變化e.g.canbeusedwithincreaseindiscontinuousphaseupto15%例如水在油中的含量大于15%可以正常使用Housingdesignforflexibilityforincreasecapacityandfutureexpansion

靈活設計的濾殼可以滿足生產擴能AquaSep?Plus/PhaseSep?Benefits

頗爾聚結器優勢

1)PreFilterVentValve 8)PreFilterHousing 2)HydrocarbonReservoirIsolationValve 9)PreFilterDrainValve 3)HydrocarbonReservoirDrainValve 10)SamplePorts 4)InletIsolationValve 11)L/LCoalescerHousing 5)OutletIsolationValve 12)TestCoalescer 6)RegulatingValve 13)PressureGauges 7)HydrocarbonReservoirs 14)FlowMeterPilotScaleTestCoalescer聚結器實驗裝置PilotScaleTestCoalescer聚結器實驗裝置Applications 應用SteamcrackersProcesswaterProtectionofstripper乙烯裂解工藝水除油保護氣提塔RefineriesSourWater煉油廠酸性水脫油GasPlantsCondensate/Water氣體處理廠油水分離SeparationofHydrocarbonsfromWater水中脫油DehydrationPetroleumProducts油中脫水FinishedProduct

最終產品Kerosene煤油Gasoline汽油Dieseloil柴油MeroxUnitsSeparationCausticWaterMerox工藝中脫鹼液Water/LightProducts Naphtha->Propylene

石腦油丙烯脫水Applications 應用DehydrationPetroleumProducts油中脫水L/LCoalescers:over300installationsWorldwide油中脫水的業績超過300個,其中國內占40個DehydrationPetroleumProducts油中脫水DehydrationPetroleumProducts 油中脫水ApplicationsAnalyserProtection保護分析儀器?2000PallEuropeLimitedApplications

Merox*UnitSodium<0,5ppmWater<15ppmSysteminplacesince1995Finishedproductnowconformstospecification*MEROXisatrademarkofUOP?2000PallEuropeLimitedApplications

Merox*Unit*MEROXisatrademarkofUOP?2000PallEuropeLimitedApplications Watertreatment水處理應用HydrocarbonOutletBootontop 頂部集油包Efficiency:Limitof solubilityofo