2022年上海寶山區(qū)楊行中學(xué)高三英語下學(xué)期期末試題含解析一、選擇題1.He_____hislastchanceofwinningtheelectionwhenhesaidthewrongthingonTV.A.gavein

B.gaveup

C.gaveaway

D.gaveout參考答案：C2.____________sufficientrestfromwork,thecivilauthoritiesareattemptingtomakeabreakthroughinlimitingworkinghours.

A.Havingensured

B.Toensure

C.Ensured

D.Ensuring參考答案：B略3.

---Whichshareisintended_____me?

---Youcantake_______half.Theyareexactlythesame.

A.for;any

B.to;any

C.to;either

D.for;either參考答案：D4.Thisisthefirsttimewe_______afilminthecinematogetherasafamily.A.see B.hadseenC.sawD.haveseen參考答案：D5.Thediseaseisahugeblowforthefarmers.Hundredsofthem______theiranimals,livelihoodandhopesdestroyedandmanyothersfearthey_____thesamefate.A.haveseen;willsuffer

B.saw;sufferedC.hadseen;wastosuffer

D.see;suffer參考答案：A【詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這種疾病對(duì)農(nóng)民來說是一個(gè)巨大的打擊。數(shù)以百計(jì)的人目睹了他們的動(dòng)物、生計(jì)和希望被摧毀，還有許多人擔(dān)心他們會(huì)遭受同樣的命運(yùn)。結(jié)合句意可知第一空用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)；第二空用一般將來時(shí)態(tài)。故選A。6._________theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily.A.Wereitnotfor

B.Ifithadnotbeenfor

C.Ifitwerenotfor

D.Haditnotbeenfor參考答案：A略7._____,therewassomethingmissing.A.Happyasshewas

B.AsshewashappyC.Happyaswasshe

D.Ashappyshewas參考答案：A8.

Thebikeunderthetree________belongtoPeter.Look!Hisbagisonit.A.must

B.shall

C.will

D.can參考答案：A9.

—ThankyouverymuchforhelpingmewhenIwasintrouble.

—_____.

A.Don'tmentionit

B.Withpleasure

C.That'sright

D.Yousaidit參考答案：a略10.Heissuretopassthetest,forhe_____hislessonsforthetesteverydayoverthepastmonth.A.willreview B.wasreviewing C.hasbeenreviewing D.hadbeenreviewing參考答案：C【詳解】考查現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。句意：他一定可以通過測(cè)試，因?yàn)樵谶^去的一個(gè)月里他每天都在為測(cè)試而復(fù)習(xí)功課。overthepastmonth.（在過去的一個(gè)月里）是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的標(biāo)志詞，再結(jié)合句意，他復(fù)習(xí)的動(dòng)作從過去持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，故用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，主語he是第三人稱單數(shù)，故用hasbeenreviewing。故選C項(xiàng)。11.Butifatreatment________delayedthediseasebysevenyearsweretobeavailable,thenumberofsuffererswoulddropby40%bythemiddleofthecentury.A.where

B.whenC.why

D.that參考答案：D試題分析：考查定語從句。A.在哪；B…時(shí)候；C.為什么；D.無實(shí)際意義。句意：要不是把這個(gè)疾病推遲了七年的治療方法是可用的，那么在中世紀(jì)時(shí)受害者會(huì)減少40%。that在從句中充當(dāng)主語，無實(shí)際意義，僅指代treatment。故選D12.________twiceayear,whetheritisacarorabusoratruck,istherulethateverydrivermustobeyinthiscity．

A．Examined

B．Examining

C．Beingexamined

D．Havingbeenexamined參考答案：C13.Passedfromfathertoson,themusichasnotchangedforeightcenturies，andamongthericherNaxipeople,________knowledgeofthismusicshowedthatyouwere________realgentleman.A.a;a

B.the,不填

C.不填;a

D.the;the參考答案：C略14.Tom,you_______leaveallyourclothesonthefloorlikethis!

A.wouldn’t

B.mustn’t

C.needn’t

D.maynot

參考答案：B15.Johnseemedpuzzledabout______thequestionmeant.A.how B.why C.what D.which參考答案：C16.—ShallIclosethewindowsnowbeforeIleave?

—

．I'llcheckitmyselflater．

A．Nevermind

B．Nohurry

C．Goahead

D．Don'tbother參考答案：D略17.Noprogresswasmadeinthetradetalkasneithersidewouldaccepttheconditionsof

.

A．others

B．theother C．either

D．a(chǎn)nother參考答案：B解析：本題考查不定代詞。首先排除A項(xiàng)，因?yàn)锳項(xiàng)是復(fù)數(shù)概念，指代2一下的人或物；然后排除D項(xiàng)，another多至4三者或者2的某一個(gè)人；最好排除C項(xiàng)，單純一個(gè)either不難做介詞賓語，但是它可以2主語或者定語。18.

Expertssaythattherateatwhichoneages______frompersontopersonandisusuallyinfluencedbyanumberoffactors.

A.isvarying

B.varied

C.hasvaried

D.varies參考答案：D.解析：考查謂語動(dòng)詞的形式。句意為：專家稱，人衰老的速度因人而異。衰老通常受多因素的影響。空白處的動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與主句的動(dòng)詞和從句的第二個(gè)謂語的動(dòng)詞形式一致，即用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。因從句的主語是therate，故謂語用varies。二、翻譯52.光刷題不反思是沒有用處的。(nouse)53.即使你在面試中脫穎而出，你也不能驕傲自滿(stand)54.在孩子選專業(yè)的時(shí)候,父母總是越俎代庖,殊不知,這樣并不是對(duì)孩子好。(benefitn.)55.在畢業(yè)典禮上,她回憶起第一次進(jìn)入高中校園時(shí)青澀而懵懂的樣子,如今她成熟而自信，并做好準(zhǔn)備，迎接未來的挑戰(zhàn)。(recall)參考答案：52.It’snousedoingmanyexerciseswithoutreflectingonthem.

53.Evenifyoustandoutintheinterview,youcannotfeeltooproud.

54.Whenchildrenarechoosingtheirmajors,theirparentsalwaystaketheirchildren’sjobsintohand/gobeyondtheirduties/makedecisionsfortheirchildren,whattheydon’trealizeisthatitisn’tfortheirchildren’sbenefits/isn’tofbenefittotheirchildren.

55.Atthegraduationceremony,sherecalledhernaiveandignorantappearancewhenshefirstenteredthehighschoolcampusandnowsheismatureandconfidentandreadytofacethechallengesinthefuture.本題考查翻譯，注意按括號(hào)內(nèi)的要求進(jìn)行翻譯。【52題詳解】考查固定句式。Itisnousedoing表示“做……是沒用的”，reflecton表示“思考、反思”，故翻譯為：It’snousedoingmanyexerciseswithoutreflectingonthem.【53題詳解】考查讓步狀語從句和動(dòng)詞短語。standout表示“突出”，根據(jù)句意可知此處用evenif(即使)引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，故翻譯為：Evenifyoustandoutintheinterview,youcannotfeeltooproud.【54題詳解】考查固定短語和主語（表語）從句。takesthintohand/gobeyondone’sduties/makedecisionsforsb“越俎代庖”,beforsb’sbenefit/beofbenefittosb表示“對(duì)某人有益”，根據(jù)句意可知用what引導(dǎo)主語從句，在句中作don’trealize的賓語，并用that引導(dǎo)表語從句，故翻譯為：Whenchildrenarechoosingtheirmajors,theirparentsalwaystaketheirchildren’sjobsintohand/gobeyondtheirduties/makedecisionsfortheirchildren,whattheydon’trealizeisthatitisn’tfortheirchildren’sbenefits/isn’tofbenefittotheirchildren.【55題詳解】考查recall的用法和時(shí)態(tài)。recall是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接賓語，講述的是過去的事情，應(yīng)該用一般過去時(shí)，故翻譯為：Atthegraduationceremony,sherecalledhernaiveandignorantappearancewhenshefirstenteredthehighschoolcampusandnowsheismatureandconfidentandreadytofacethechallengesinthefuture.三、閱讀理解20.Youmaythink,saltisjustasimplecookingelementweshakeonourfoodforalittleextrataste.Butsaltismuchmorethanthat.Withoutsaltourmuscleswouldnotmove.Ournervoussystemswouldnotoperate.Ourheartswouldnotbeat.Butdonotthinkrubbingsaltintoawoundwillhelp.Doingthatwouldbepainfulandnothealthewound.“Torubsaltintoawound”isanidiomthatmeanstopurposefullymakeabadsituationworse.Earlyhumansgotthesalttheyneededtostayalivefromtheanimalstheykilled.Butadvancesinagricultureledtoadietlowinsalt.So,humansneededtofindothersources.Thosewholivedneartheoceanorothernaturalsourcesforsaltwerelucky.Thosewhodidnothadtotradeforsalt.Infact,peopleusedsaltasamethodofpaymentinmanypartsoftheancientworld.Theword“salary”comesfromtheword“salt”.Saltalsoplayedanimportantpartinpopulationmovementandworldexploration.Explorersunderstoodthatiftheycouldkeepfoodfresh,theycouldtravellongerdistances.Sotheyusedsalttopreservefoodandexploretheworld.Saltwassoimportantthat,accordingtofoodhistorians,itwastradedpound-for-poundforgold.Today,peoplestillusetheexpressions“worthone'ssalt”or“worthone'sweightinsalt”.Theexpressionsdescribeapersonofvalue.Apersonmightalsobecalled“saltoftheearth”.Thatdescriptionmeansheorsheisdependableandtrustworthy.However,whenyousay“Ithinkweshouldtakewhathesaidwithagrainofsalt”youmeanyouacceptitbutmaintainadegreeofdoubtaboutitstruth.8.Whatcanwelearnfromthefirstparagraph?A.Saltplaysanimportantpartinourlife.B.Saltmakesfoodtasty.C.Saltisconsideredtobepartofourmuscles.D.Saltissuretodamagenervoussystems.9.Abeggar’sbreadwasstolenlastnight,whichmeans_________.A.saltoftheearthB.rubbingsaltinawoundC.adietlowinsaltD.worthhissalt10.Ifyoudescribeapersonasagreathelp,youmean_________.A.herubssaltinawoundB.heisoftentakenasagrainofsaltC.heoftenusessalttopreservemeatD.heisworthhisweightinsalt11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthepassage?A.SaltIsMoreThanaFour-letterWord.B.SaltIsaBasicElementinCooking.C.SaltIsaWordwithaLongHistory.D.SaltIsPopularwithDifferentPeople.參考答案：8.A

9.B

10.D

11.A試題分析：你可能會(huì)認(rèn)為，鹽不過是我們?cè)谑澄锷咸砑佑靡栽黾语L(fēng)味的簡(jiǎn)單東西，但鹽的作用不僅于此。文章講述了許多與鹽有關(guān)的詞匯表達(dá)。8.推理判斷題。通讀第一段可知，本段講述鹽不僅是一種調(diào)味品，而且鹽對(duì)于我們的肌肉、神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)和心臟起著決定性作用，鹽意味著生命。故選A。9.推理判斷題。“乞丐的面包昨天晚上被偷了”意味著原本一貧如洗的人連最基本的賴以生存的食物都沒有了，這猶如傷口上撒鹽，讓情況變得更加糟糕。故選B。10.推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的句子“Today,peoplestillusetheexpressions“worthone'ssalt”or“worthone'sweightinsalt”.Theexpressionsdescribeapersonofvalue.”可知，鹽是如此重要，今天人們?nèi)耘f使用“worthone'ssalt”或者“worthone'sweightinsalt”來描述那些重要人物。故選D。11.標(biāo)題判斷題。縱觀全文可知，文章主要講述了與“salt”有關(guān)的習(xí)語表達(dá)，鹽在人們的生活中是至關(guān)重要的，因此也衍生處許多與鹽有關(guān)的日常表達(dá)。因此推斷A“鹽不僅僅是一個(gè)四個(gè)字母的單詞”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。21.Ihadthemeanestmotherintheworld．Whileotherkidsatecandyforbreakfast,Ihadtohavecereal,eggsandtoast．Othershadcokesandcandyforlunch,whilewehadtoeatasandwich．Asyoucanguess,mysupperwasdifferentthantheotherkids'．ButatleastIwasnotaloneinmysuffering．MysisterandtwobrothershadthesamemeanmotherasIdid．Mymotherinsistedonknowingwherewewereatalltimes．Shehadtoknowwhoourfriendswereandwhatweweredoing．Wehadtowearcleanclotheseveryday．Otherkidsalwaysworetheirclothesfordays．Wereachedtheheightofdisgracebecauseshemadeourclothesherself,justtosavemoney．Theworstisyettocome．Wehadtobeinbedby9:00eachnightandupat7:45thenextmorning．Sowhilemyfriendsslept,mymotheractuallyhadthecouragetobreakChildLaborLaw,Shemadeuswork．Ibelievedshelayawakeallnightthinkingupmeanthingstodotous．Throughtheyears,ourfriends'reportcardshadbeautifulcolor1sonthem,blackforpassing,redforfailing．Mymother,however,wouldmerelybecontentwithblackmarks．Noneofuswasallowedthepleasureofbeingadropout．Sheforcedustogrowupintoeducatedandhonestadults．Usingthisasabackground,I'mnow