Unit3CelebrationModule1Part2Of22013屆學海導航高三英語一輪復習北師大版廣東專用8.individual,personal與private這三個詞都有“個人的”的意思,但側重點不一樣。①individual強調集體中的個體,意為“個別的、獨特的、個體的”,與“普遍的、集體的”相對;Shehasherownindividualwayofwalking.她有自己獨特的走路姿勢。②personal意為“人身的、個人的、親自的、直接的、本人的”,強調“與他人無關的”;personalopinion個人意見personalaffairs私事personalletter私人信件personalattack人身攻擊personalbelief個人信仰personalinterview直接的談話③private強調“私人的、私有的、私用的、不便公開的”,與“公共的、公有的、公開的”相對。privatecar私人汽車privatetalk私底下的談話在強調“個人的”的時候,personal和private通常可以互換。private/personalbusiness個人事務personal/privateletter個人信件9.trickv.&n.欺騙Shewastrickedatthemarketandlost300yuanonthedeal.她在市場上被騙,交易中虧了300元。odoingsth.誘使/騙某人做某事Thepolicetrickedhimintomakingaconfession.警察哄騙他做了招認。Herpartnertriedtotrickheroutofhershare.她的合伙人企圖騙走她的股份。playatrick/jokeonsb.與某人開玩笑Thesechildrenlovedplayingtricksontheirteacher.孩子們喜歡捉弄老師。10.aswell,too,also與eitheraswell,too,also,either這四個詞都有“也”的意思。但用法不同,試看下面的句子作比較：IwritemyownsongsandIplaytheguitaraswell.Theygottheworkdonequickly,andwelltoo.TomhasbeentoJapan,Ihavealsobeenthere.Ifyoudonotgo,Ishallnotgoeither.從以上幾個例句當中我們可以發現：從意義上講,它們沒有太大的差別,關鍵是它們在句中的位置不相同。①aswell一般用于句尾,常與and搭配使用。Nursingisavocationandaprofessionaswell.②too一般放在句尾,而且常用逗號與前面的句子分開,一般用于肯定句中。Inthisshop,youwillfindmanyinterestingitems,too.③also與too詞義相同,但通常用于動詞之前或者系動詞之后,且通常不置于句末。SheisfluentinFrenchandGerman.ShealsospeaksalittleItalian.④either與too的意義和用法基本相同,但是通常只能用于否定句中。Youdon’tliketea.Idon’tlikeit,either.

【溫馨提示】aswellas也可以表示“也,還,又”,但是它只用來連接兩個并列的成分。如果aswellas連接的兩個并列成分在句中作主語,謂語動詞要與前面的主語保持一致。Itisvaluableforyouaswellasforme.aswellas在此連接foryou和forme兩個并列成分。Hegrowsrosesaswellastomatoes.如果果aswellas連連接接的的兩兩個個并并列列成成分分在在句句中中作作主主語,謂謂語語動動詞詞要要與與前前面面的的主主語語保保持持一一致致。。PeteraswellashisparentsisgoingtovisitBeijing.Peter,withhisparents,isgoingtovisitBeijing.PeterandhisparentsaregoingtovisitBeijing.注意以上三句句話的單復數數形式。用aswell,either,too,also填空IsTomcoming__________?I’dlikeapieceofcake,andaglassofwater__________.Helikestolistentojazz,_________.Hewas_________askedtoattendthemeeting.Ifyoudon’’tcometomorrow,Iwon’tdoit,________.Iknewthatyoutookapart-timejob________.aswelltooalsoaswelleitheraswell1.Itissaidthat…句型小結有一類漢語句句子不出現主主語,在英語語中一般使用被動語態,這類句型一一般用在新聞聞報紙等公文中,類似的的結構還有：：Itisreportedthat…據據報道……Itisbelievedthat…有有人相信………Itisexpectedthat…人人們期望………Itishopedthat…人們希望望……Itissupposedthat…據據推測說………Itisthoughtthat…人們們認為……Itmustbeadmittedthat…必必須承認………Itmustbepointedoutthat…必須指指出……Itiswellknownthat…眾所周知知……Itisgenerallyconsideredthat…大家認為為……這些句型也有有其變體：Itissaidthat+從句=Peoplesaythat+從句=Sth./Sb.(從句中的主主語)issaidtobe/do…PeoplebelievethatanEnglishduchess,Anna,the7thDuchessofBedfordfirstintroducedtheideaofafternoontea.(M1U1)＝ItisbelievedthatanEnglishduchess,Anna,the7thDuchessofBedfordfirstintroducetheideaofafternoontea.如果報道的內內容中的動作作在報道之前前就已經存在,那么在在句型轉換的的時候時態應應該變成完成成時態。ItissaidthatRoberthascometoday,butIdon’tknowwhereheis.PeoplesayRoberthascome,butIdon’tknowwhereheis.Robertissaidtohavecome,butIdon’’tknowwhereheis.Itisbelievedthat…=Peoplebelievethat……=Sth./Sb.isbelievedtobe/do…Itisreportedthat…=Someonereportsthat…=Sth./Sb.isreportedtobe/do…Itisexpectedthat…=Peopleexpectthat…=Sth./Sb.isexpectedtobe/do…Itishopedthat…=Peoplehopethat…=Sth./Sb.ishopedtobe/do…Itissupposedthat…=Peoplesupposethat……=Sth./Sb.issupposedtobe/do…Itisthoughtthat…=Peoplethinkthat…=Sth./Sb.isthoughttobe/do…據報道,大約約100多人人在這次事故故中喪生。____________________________________________________________________________眾所周知,他他是我們學校校一個非常負負責任的老師師。____________________________________________________________________________Itisreportedthatmorethan100peoplelosttheirlivesinthisaccident.Itiswellknownthatheisaveryresponsibleteacherinourschool.大家認為除非非是走投無路路,一般情況況下動物是不不會襲擊人的。。____________________________________________________________________________Itisgenerallyconsideredthatananimalwillnotattackhumanbeingunlessitiscornered.2.Ifafriendgetsaninvitationtoawedding,youcangowithhim/her,evenifyoudon’treceiveaninvitationyourself.如果你的朋友友收到一份參參加婚禮的邀邀請，就算你自己沒沒有收到邀請請，你也可以以跟他/她一起去。evenif在句中引導讓讓步狀語從句句,意為“即使……”,相當于eventhough。Evenif/thoughIhavetosellmyhouse,I’llkeepmybusinessgoing.即使要賣掉我我的房子,我我還是要繼續續我的事業。。3.while用法小小結①while可可作從屬連詞詞,表示“當……的時候候”。它只能表示一一個時間段,不能表示時時間點,這時時,在while引導的狀語語從句中,謂謂語多用進行行時。WhileMarywaswritingaletter,thechildrenwereplayingoutside.當Mary在在寫信時，孩孩子們在外面面玩。狀語從句也可可以以省略句句的形式出現現,狀語一般般是動詞-ing形式或者者介詞短語。。Whilecrossingthestreet,youmustbecareful.穿過街道時你你必須小心。。WhileinRome,doastheRomansdo.入鄉隨俗。WhilehewasinCanada,hetookalotofpictures.當他在加拿大大時他拍了很很多照片。②while用作從屬連詞詞,還可以表表示“盡管,雖然”,通常位于句首首,引導一個個讓步狀語從從句,相當于于although/though。WhileIadmitthatthereareproblems,Idon’tagreethattheycannotbesolved.盡管我承認有有問題存在,但我不同意意說這些問題不能解決。。③while用作并列連詞詞,連接兩個個并列句,表表示比較或者對比,意意為“然而,但是”。Idrinkblackcoffeewhileheprefersitwithcream.我喜歡喝清咖咖啡而他喜歡歡加奶油的。。④最后要注意的的是：while還可以以作為名詞使使用,其意思相當于于moment,相關關的短語有：：forawhile,inawhile,afterawhile。Pleasewaitmeforawhile.請等我一會。。Anoldman_____(fall)whilehe___________(ride)hisbicycle.他出去散步了了，而我卻待待在家里。______________________________________3．我在看書書時我的老師師進來了。_________________________________________________________________fellwasridingHewentoutforawalk,whileIstayedathome.WhileIwasreading,myteachercamein.簡單句的擴展展句子的擴展，，就是在名詞詞前后加上前前置或后置定定語，在動詞詞、形容詞或或副詞前后加加上適當的狀狀語，或增加加修飾整個句句子的狀語，，等等。其目目的是使結構構形式更飽滿滿、內容表達達更加清楚、、語言表達更更生動。練習習句子的擴展展，有助于循循序漸進地實實現由句到段段的過渡。【例1】對Theboycried.(主語＋謂語語)一句進行行擴展，可得得到：a.Thesmallboyin_red_sweatercried.(畫線部部分為定語)b.Losing_sight_of_his_mother,_thesmallboyinredsweatercriedin_the_crowded_street.(畫線部部分為狀語)【例2】對Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteachers.(主語＋謂語語＋賓語＋補補語)一句進進行擴展，可可得到：a.Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslistening_to_an_important_report.(畫線部部分為定語)b.Wefoundthegreathallfullofstudentsandteacherslisteningtoanimportantreportmade_by_a_comrade_from_the_People's_Daily_on_current_affairs_in_East_Europe.(畫線部部分為定語)【例3】對Peopleareinfavorofthisphenomenon.(主語＋系動動詞＋表語)一句進行擴擴展，可得到到：a.Amajorityofthepeople(whoare)Involvedinthediscussionareinfavorofthisphenomenon.(畫線線部分為定語語)b.Amajorityofthepeople(whoare)involvedinthediscussionareinfavorofthisphenomenonsayingthatitcancreateamorecomfortablestudyenvironmentforstudents.(畫線部部分為狀語)簡單句擴展后后，增加了可可讀性，使讀讀者知道了更更多的信息，，增強了感染染力。按要求對下列列句子進行拓拓展1.Thewomanha