SectionIIIUsinglanguage同步練習一、課前預習（一）重點短語1.逐漸增強；建立；開發_______________________2.導致；造成；通向_______________________3.集中（注意力、經歷）于_______________________4.減少了_______________________5.使……免受（影響等）_______________________6.帶給……損害_______________________7.求助于_______________________8.發現_______________________9.避免做某事_______________________10.對……做評論_______________________(二)重點句型1.Allroads__________Rome.條條大路通羅馬。2.Thebadweather_________________________thecrops.惡劣天氣已給農作物帶來重大損害。3.Byworkinghard,hehas__________agoodreputationforhisgoods.通過努力工作，他已經給自己的商品建立了良好的信譽。4._____thetable__________dirtbyputtingacoveroverit.鋪上桌布，別讓桌子布滿灰塵。

5.Schools__________scholasticandprofessionalskills,butnot_____financialskills.學校教育只專注于學術知識和專業技能的教育和培養，卻忽視了理財技能的培訓。6.DowningStreethassofarrefusedto__________thesereports.英國政府對這些報道迄今不予置評。7.Heisafugitive，trying____________________bythepolice.他是逃犯，正試圖逃避警方的追捕。8.Itriedtostandonmyowntwofeetratherthan____________________.我設法自立而不求助于我的父母。9.Sofar,scientistshave_______________inbiologyandmedicine.迄今，科學家們已在生物學和醫學上獲得重大發現。10.Theprice____________________20percentsinceMay.自五月以來價格降低了百分之二十。二、易混易錯知識點 reduceto,reducebyreduce(…)to…降低到……（某個位置、程度）

Thetemperaturehasbeenreduced(from40degrees)to28degrees.

溫度從40度降低到了28度。reduce(…)by…降低了……（by后面跟降低的具體幅度）

Thecurrentdeathrateisreducedby10%comparedwiththatoftheyearof1980.今天的死亡率同1980年相比下降了10%。類似短語還有：increaseto增加到……；increaseby增加了……decreaseto減少到……；decreaseby減少了……expandto擴張到……；expandby擴長了……即境活用：1.Thepriceofwheathasdecreased_____15%.2.Thenumberofnewstudentsincreased_____160_____220.3.Howterrible!Myweighthasincreased______60kilograms,whichdisturbsmealot.三、課后自測（一）基礎知識自測I.單詞拼寫1.Costshavebeen______(減少)by20%overthepastyear.2.Therewasalotof______(評論)abouthisbehavior.3.A______(化學)changetakesplaceinpaperwhenitburns.4.Itwon'tbelongbeforewecanberidofthe______(害蟲)altogether.5.Neverinthehistoryofsciencehadsomanyimportant______(發現)comesoquickly.II.完成句子1.她試圖避而不答我的問題。(avoiddoing)Shetried________________________________.2.大家的眼光都注意著他。（focuson）Alleyes________________________________him.3.參加體育活動增強體力。(buildup)Takepartinthephysicalexercisesand________________________________.4.幾天前，老板發脾氣，杰克被解雇了。(leadto)Theboss'slosinghistemper________________________________theotherday.5.精密儀器必須保持無塵。（keep…freefrom）Theprecisioninstrumentmust________________________________dust.6.教師不肯評論考試結果。(commenton)Theteacherrefused________________________________.（二）能力提升自測I.單項填空publicfundingofbasicsciencewould_____agoodmanybenefitsforthecountry'shealth,wealthandsecurity.A.resultfrom B.leadto C.liein D.settledown2.Nowadayseveryoneisresponsiblefor_____aharmonioussocietyinChina.A.makingup B.takingup C.openingup D.buildingup3.Lotsofwastehasbeendumpedintotheriver，whichhasledto______.A.lotsoffishhavingbeenkilled B.killlotsoffishC.lotsoffishbeingkilled D.lotsoffishtokill4.Theoperationroomineveryhospitalhasto_____bacteriaofanykindsothatthepatientbeingoperatedondoesn’tgetinfected.A.keepfreefrom B.makeitfreefromC.bemadefreewith D.bekeptfreefrom5.—Wouldyouliketo______theperformanceofnewlydevelopedenergy-savingdevice?—Sorry,butIamnotinthepositionto______.A.makeacommenton;commentB.haveacommentwith;commentonC.buildupcommentson;commentonD.comeupwithacommenton;comment6.Allherenergiesare______uponchildrenandsheseemstohavelittletimeforanythingelse.A．guided B．aimed C．directed D．focused7.—WhatmadeyousodelightedatChristmas?—______.A．IreceivedmuchmorepresentsthanothersB．BecausemyparentspromisedmeanewcarC．Myuncle'scomingbackfromabroadD．Astherewasanunusualcelebration8.Tom’sweightwasreduced______10kilogramslastyearA.by B.to C.from D.in9.—Idon’tknowhowtowritethearticleassignedbyourprofessoroninternationaltrade.—Youshouldhave______yourattentiononthelecturethat______howinternationalsituationaffectsexportsandimportsacrosstheglobe.A.put;concentrateon B.paid;talkedaboutC.fixed;dealton D.focused;focusedon10.Doyouknowthatwithwisemenimprovesyourmind?A.chat B.chats C.chatted D.chatting11.Iwouldrather______thefootballmatchlastnightwithmyfriends.Otherwise,Iwouldhavefinishedmypaperworkbynow.A.nothavewatched B.notwatchC.hadn’twatched D.haven’twatched12.Look!Whathashappened.I’dratheryou______himaboutthebadnews.A.wouldnottell B.hadn’ttold C.didn’ttell D.hasn’ttold13.Whenyouareintheroom,keepyoureyes_____andyourmouth_____.A.open;close B.opened;closed C.open;closed D.opened;close14.Muchtomy_____,Iamunabletoacceptyourinvitation.A.regret B.disappointment C.satisfaction D.astonishment15.Shewas______withtheresult.Weknewitfromher_____look.A.satisfying;satisfied B.satisfied;satisfiedC.satisfied;satisfying D.satisfying;satisfying(三)智能拓展訓練I.閱讀理解AAnimalscanmovefromplacetoplace,butplantscannot.Whenananimalisunderattack,itcanrunawayorfightback.Plantscertainlycannotrunaway,andtheylackteethandclaws.Butplantscandefendthemselvesbyusingbothphysicalandchemicalmeans. Someplantshavetheirownwaystokeepanimalsaway.Forexample,theleavesofthehollyplanthavesharpspines(刺)thatdiscouragegrass-eatinganimals.Hollyleavesonlowerbrancheshavemorespinesthanleavesonupperbranches.Thisisbecausethelowerleavesareeasierformostanimalstoreach. Someplants,suchastheoaktree,havethickandhardleavesthataredifficultforanimalstoeat.Somegrassesmaycontainasandymaterial;eatingsuchgrasseswearsdowntheanimal'steeth. Manyplantsalsohavechemicaldefenses.Someplantsproducechemicalsthattastebitterorcauseanunpleasantreaction.Someplantsmayfightagainstanattackbyincreasingtheproductionofthesechemicals.Whenacaterpillar(毛蟲)bitesatobaccoleaf,theleafproducesachemicalmessenger.Thismessengersendstotherootstheinformationtoproducemorenicotine.Thehigherlevelsofnicotinediscouragethecaterpillar. Manyplantsdependonbothphysicalandchemicaldefenses.AcertainplantinChina,forinstance,hasprickly(多刺的)leaves,andeachpricklecontainspoisonousvenom(毒液).Asingleexperiencewiththiskindofplantwillteachananimaltostayawayfromitinthefuture.1.Thehollyplanthasmorespinesonthelowerleavesbecausemostanimals________.A.arenottallenough B.likethelowerleavesonlyC.arenotcleverenough D.cangetthelowerleaveseasily2.Todefendthemselves,oaktreesuse________.A.chemicalmeans B.physicalmeansC.bitterchemicals D.sandymaterials3.Howdoestobaccoprotectitselfagainstanattackfromacaterpillar?A.Itsleavesfightagainsttheattackbyphysicalmeans.B.Itsrootssendamessengertodiscouragethecaterpillar.C.Itsrootsincreasetheproductionofnicotinewhenitisattacked.D.Itsleavesproducepoisonoussandtodrivethecaterpillaraway.4.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthispassage?A.PlantsandAnimals B.HowPlantsDefendThemselvesC.AttacksandDefenses D.HowAnimalsEatPlantLeavesB

Wehavetwodaughters:KristenissevenyearsoldandKellyisfour.LastSundayevening,weinvitedsomepeoplehomefordinner.Idressedthemnicelyfortheparty,andtoldthemthattheirjobwastojoinMommyinansweringthedoorwhenthebellrang.Mommywouldintroducethemtotheguests,andthentheywouldtaketheguests'coatsupstairsandputthemonthebedinthesecondbedroom.

Theguestsarrived.Iintroducedmytwodaughterstoeachofthem.Theadultswereniceandkindandsaidhowluckyweweretohavesuchgoodkids.

EachoftheguestsmadeaparticularfussoverKelly,theyoungerone,admiringherdress,herhairandhersmile.Theysaidshewasaremarkablegirltobecarryingcoatsupstairsatherage.

Ithoughttomyselfthatweadultsusuallymakeabig"todo"overtheyoungeronebecauseshe'stheonewhoseemsmoreeasilyhurt.Wedoitwiththebestofintentions.

Butweseldomthinkofhowitmightaffecttheotherchild.IwasalittleworriedthatKristenwouldfeelshewasbeingoutshined.IwasabouttoservedinnerwhenIrealizedthatshehadbeenmissingfortwentyminutes.Iranupstairsandfoundherinthebedroom,crying.

Isaid,"Whatareyoudoing,mydear?"

Sheturnedtomewithasadexpressionandsaid,"Mommy,whydon'tpeoplelikemethewaytheylikemysister?IsitbecauseI'mnotpretty?Isthatwhytheydon'tsaynicethingsaboutmeasmuch?"

Itriedtoexplaintoher,kissingandhugginghertomakeherfeelbetter.

Now,wheneverIvisitafriend'shome,Imakeitapointtospeaktotheelderchildfirst.5.Theunderlinedexpression'makeabig"todo"over'(paragraph4)means_______.

A.showmuchconcernabout

B.haveaspecialeffecton

C.listjobstobedonefor

D.dogoodthingsfor

guestspraisedKellyforcarryingcoatsupstairsbecauseofher

________.

A.beautifulhair

B.prettyclothes

C.lovelysmile

D.youngage

7.Kristenfeltsadandcriedbecause

________.

A.theguestgavehermorecoatstocarry

B.shedidn'tlookasprettyasKelly

C.theguestspraisedhersistermorethanher

D.hermotherdidn'tintroducehertotheguests

8.Wecanconcludefromthepassagethat_______.

A.parentsshouldpaymoreattentiontotheelderchildren

B.theyoungerchildrenareusuallymoreeasilyhurt

C.peopleusuallyliketheyoungerchildrenmore

D.adultsshouldtreatchildrenequally

SectionIIIUsinglanguage一、課前預習（一）重點短語buildup2.leadto3.focuson4.reduceby5.keep…freefrom6.cause/dodamageto7.turnto8.makeadiscovery/menton/makeacommenton/makecommentson(二)重點句型1.leadto2.hasdone/causedgreatdamageto3.builtup4.Keep;freefrom5.focuson;menton7.toavoidbeingcaught8.turnedtomyparents9.madeimportantdiscoveries10.hasbeenreducedby二、易混易錯知識點 即境活用：1.by2.from;to3.to三、課后自測（一）基礎知識自測I.單詞拼寫1.ment3.chemical4.pests5.discoveriesII.完成句子1.toavoidansweringmyquestions2.are/werefocusedon3.buildupyourstrength4.ledtoJack/Jack’sbeingfired5.bekeptfreefrom6.tocommenton/makeacommentontheexaminationresults（二）能力提升自測I.單項填空(15)1.B.考查短語辨析。resultfrom“由于”；leadto“導致”；liein“在于”；settledown“安頓，定居”。句意：基礎科學充足的公共基金會對一個國家的健康、財富和安全有很多益處。根據題意可知選B項。2.D.考查短語辨析。句意：如今每個人都應擔負起構建和諧中國的責任。makeup表示“彌補”；takeup表示“占據，從事”；openup表示“開放，開辟”；buildup表示“使強壯，建造”。3.C.考查動詞用法和非謂語動詞。leadto導致，后接名詞或動名詞，可排除B項；又因此處表示“魚被殺”，可排除D項。A項現在分詞的完成時，表示已發生的動作，顯然不合題意。正確的說法是：lotsoffishbeingkilled，故選C項。4.D.考查固定短語。keeptheoperationroomfreefrombacteriaofanykind使手術室中沒有任何細菌,因此這里需要被動形式。5.A.考查固定短語。第一個空makeacommenton/commenton對……進行評論；第二個空不定式作定語tocomment(onit)對此發表評論。6.D.考查動詞搭配。guide“指導，指引”；aim“針對，目標”；direct“指引，給某人指路”；focusone'sattention/eyes/energyon/upon...“集中注意力/視線/精力于……”。句意：她把所有的精力都集中在孩子身上，她似乎很少有時間關注其他任何事情。由句意可知答案為D項。7.C.考查動名詞的復合結構作主語。由題干中的what在句子中作主語可知，答語只能用名詞、代詞、不定式或者動名詞。故只有C項符合題意。8.A.考查reduce的基本用法。句意:去年湯姆的體重減少了10公斤。reduceby減少了……；reduceto減少到……。9.D.考查動詞固定搭配。第一個空fix/focusone’sattentiononsth集中精力于；payattentionto注意。第二個空可用dealwith涉及，關于/talkabout探討/focuson