SectionBGrammarandusageVocabulary1.wonderwonderaboutsth.想知道……，想弄明白……wonderat...對……感到驚訝wonder+從句想知道……Iwonderif/whether我不知道是否……（表示一種禮貌的請求或提問）inwonder吃驚地It'sawonder(that)...莫名其妙的是……；令人驚奇的是……(It's)nowonder(that)...……不足為奇，并不奇怪練習：Forthousandsofyearspeoplehavebeenwondering__________ourfuture.about2.observeobservesb.dosth.看到某人做了某事observesb.doingsth.看到某人正在做某事observesth.done看到某事被做observationn.觀測，觀察；遵守beunderobservation在觀察中；被監視中練習：Artclasseshelpdevelopchildren'spowerof____________(observe).observation3.reducebereducedto降低到；淪落為bereducedby降低了reduce...from...to...把……從……減少到……練習：Itwasfoggysothedriverhadtoreducespeed_________fortykilometresanhour.toLeadinginAsIwanderedintheNationalGallery,Iwasamazedtoseeallthepaintings.Iwonderedattheskilloftheartists,theiruseofcolourandhowtheyplayedwithlightandshade.Iobservedthebrushworktheyusedtoenhancetheirworks.Ienjoyedthewholeexperience-tobeabletobathemysensesinthispalaceofhumancreativity.Itwassurprisingthentoseesomanypeopleviewingimportantandpreciousartworksthroughtheirsmartphones.Itmightsoundshocking,buttheyseemedmoreinterestedintakingphotosandrecordingvideosofartworksthanappreciatingthemwiththeirowneyes.Howwasitpossible,Iwondered,totrulyappreciatethehumantouchofagreatpaintingwhenitwasreducedtoafewmillionpixels?Lookingatartworksthroughsmartphones,Ithought,wasliketryingtoappreciatethecountrysidewithoutbeingabletohearthebirdssing,feelthebreezeagainstmyfaceorsmelltheflowers.MovingslowlythroughtheNationalGallery,Iwasdeterminedtokeepmysmartphoneinmybagandappreciateeachindividualpaintingwiththebestcameraintheworld:myowneyes.Workingouttherules·Whenusedasthepredicative,theverb-ingorverb-edformisconnectedtothesubjectbya(1)_____________.·The(2)_____________

formisoftenusedtodescribeathingorasituation;the(3)____________

formisoftenusedtodescribehowapersonfeels.linkingverbverb-ingverb-edVerb-ingandverb-edformsaspredicatives動詞-ing形式作表語動詞-ing形式做表語可以用來表示主語的特性、狀態、情感等，具有形容詞的特征。Yourachievementsareveryinspiring.你的成就很鼓舞人心。Hisworkisveryinteresting.他的工作很有趣。注意：動詞-ing形式做表語，常見的有：exciting，interesting，disappointing，discouraging，encouraging，puzzling，missing，surprising，confusing，amusing，charming，astonishing，shocking，inviting等。這些動詞-ing形式幾乎已經變成了形容詞，可以用very修飾。易混用法區別例句動名詞作表語解釋說明主語的內容，主語和表語可以互換Myhobbyisplayingchess.我的業余愛好是下棋。動詞-ing作表語說明主語的性質、特征、狀態等，主語和表語不可以互換Theargumentisveryconvincing.這一論據很有說服力。動詞-ed形式作表語（1）動詞-ed形式做表語，多表示主語所處的狀態或所具備的特征，多位于系動詞之后。這些系動詞有be，remain，feel，seem，look，become等。（2）有些動詞-ed形式做表語時，已經具有了形容詞的性質，最常見的有：amazed，delighted，disappointed，discouraged，amused，astonished，lost，crowded，tired，satisfied，pleased，surprised，worried，excited，married，puzzled，upset等。Latertheyfoundthattheywerelost.后來他們發現他們迷路了。Wewereamazedatthebeautyofthelake.這個湖泊的美使我們感到驚奇。Shewasdisappointedatthenews.她對這個消息感到失望。（3）動詞-ed形式做表語與被動語態相似，區別在于動詞-ed形式做表語表示的是一種狀態或特征，而被動語態表示的是一個動作，被動意味很強，后面常跟by短語。比較下面兩個句子：Thisshopisnowclosed.這家商店現在已經關門了。（狀態）Thisshopisclosedat6pmeveryday.這家商店每天下午6點關門。（動作）動詞-ed形式與動詞-ing形式做表語英語中有很多與感覺有關的及物動詞，其動詞－ing形式表示主動意義，即“令人……的”，多用來修飾物；其動詞-ed形式含有被動意義，即“人感到……的”，多用來指人、人的聲音或表情等。常見的這類詞有：exciting令人激動的excited激動的，興奮的

surprising令人驚訝的surprised感到驚訝的encouraging令人鼓舞的encouraged受到鼓舞的frightening使驚恐的frightened受驚的interesting令人感興趣的interested感興趣的pleasing令人高興的pleased滿意的moving令人感動的moved受感動的shocking令人震驚的shocked感到震驚的worrying令人擔心的worried感到擔心的tiring令人勞累的tired感到勞累的satisfying令人滿意的satisfied滿意的puzzling令人迷惑的puzzled感到迷惑的練習1.Thestorywasso__________thathewas________totears.(move)2.Whathehasdoneisreally______________.Nowhisparentsare___________inhim.(disappoint)3.Everyonewas__________byhis__________progresswhichhemadeduringthetwomonths.(surprise)4.Theteachermustbe___________withourperformanceintheexperiment,whichcanbeseenfromthe__________expressiononhisface.(satisfy)movingmoveddisappointingdisappointedsurprisedsurprising

satisfiedsatisfied5.Havingnevermetwithsucha__________problem,hefelt__________anddidn'tknowhowtosolveit.(puzzle)6.Asisknowntousall,travelingis____________(interest),butweoftenfeel_________(tire)whenwearebackfromtravels.7.NancywasawayinParisforoveramonth.Whenshegothome,shewas__________(shock)toseeapileofmailwaitingforher.8.Parentswere__________(please)withtheperf