/13轉(zhuǎn)船附加費港口擁擠附加費轉(zhuǎn)船附加費港口擁擠附加費運輸代理包裹拼箱貨結(jié)匯整箱貨空運單集裝箱貨運站裝運通知處置權(quán)Partialshipment/transshipmentBillofladingCleanB/LOrderB/LCombinedtransportB/LBlankB/LStraightB/LThroughB/LLinerB/LAnte-datedB/LAdvancedB/LConsignmentnoteBlankendorsementIATACombinedtransportdocumentsFCL/LCLtransshipmentsurchargePortCongestionSurchargetransportationagentpackageLCL(Lessthancontainerload)settlementFCL(Fullcontainerload)Airwaybillcontaineryardshippingnoticerightofdisposal分批裝船/轉(zhuǎn)運提單清潔提單指示提單聯(lián)合運輸提單空白提單記名提單聯(lián)運提單班輪提單倒簽提單預(yù)借提單陸運或鐵路運輸通知空白背書國際航空運輸協(xié)會多式聯(lián)運單據(jù)整箱貨/拼箱貨IIVa/xdelayfadvancexaccepted—unacceptedVX把“orwithout”去掉III.海運提單上列出了承運人和托運人之間的權(quán)利和義務(wù)。.班輪公司通常把航海時間表登載在報紙上或者分發(fā)給托運人。.在多式聯(lián)運提單上，卸貨港應(yīng)該是提單許可的中轉(zhuǎn)碼頭。.集裝箱收費是多種多樣的。例如附加費，總費率的確定是基本費率加上附加費率。.集裝箱的好處在于：方便處理貨物，減少盜竊，減少暴露，節(jié)約裝船成本。Transportdocumentswhichappearontheirfacetoindicatethatshipmenthasbeenmadeonthesamemeansofconveyanceandforthesamejourney,providedtheyindicatethesamedestination,willnotberegardedascoveringpartialshipment,evenifthetransportdocumentsindicatedifferentdatesofshipmentand/ordifferentportsofloading,placesoftakingincharge,ordispatch.Cleantransportdocumentisonewhichhearsnoclauseornotationwhichexpresslydeclaresadefectiveconditionofthegoodsand/orthepackaging.Neitherthecardernortheshippershallberesponsibleinanyeventforlossordamageto,orinconnectionwith,goodsifthenatureorvaluethereofhasbeenknowinglymisstatedbytheshipperintheBilloflading.Wheretheperformanceofthecarriageorpartthereofhasbeenentrustedtoanactualcarrier,whetherornotinpursuanceofalibertyunderthecontractofcarriagebyseatodoso,thecarrierneverthelessremainsresponsiblefortheentirecarriage.Thecarrierisresponsible,inrelationtothecarriageperformedbytheactualcarrier,fortheactsandomissionsoftheactualcarrierandofhisservantsandagentsactingwithinthescopeoftheiremployment.Chapter8I投保人insured共同海損generalaverage投保金額insuredamount外來風(fēng)險extraneousrisks保險單insurancepolicy推定全損constructiveaverage海上風(fēng)險marinerisks施救費用salvagecharges救助費用sueandlaborexpenses意外事故misfortune承保人insurer單獨海損particularaverage保險費insurancepremium航空運輸貨物戰(zhàn)爭險airtransportationwarrisk陸運險landtransportationrisks陸運一切險landtransportationallrisks估損費用riskestimationcharges航空運輸一切險airtransportationallriskschargesOceanmarineinsurance海運保險Warrisks戰(zhàn)爭險Basicriskscoverage基本險種Insuredamount投保金額T.P.N.D偷盜、失竊、提貨不著險Taintofodor串味險Overlandtransportationinsurance陸上運輸保險Parcelpostinsurance郵寄包裹保險Freefromparticularaverage平安險Additionalriskscoverage附加險別Freshwaterand/orraindamage淡水雨淋險Withparticularaverage水漬險II.VVVXSpecialadditionalcoveragesuchaswarrisks,strikesandsoonmustbetakenouttogetherwithFPA,WPA.(andallrisks)XInessence,openpolicyis(not)thesameastheinsurancecertificate.VVXThree(two)typesofrisksarecoveredbyoceanmarineinsurance,namelytheperilsofsea,theextraneousrisks(刪除andtheforcemajeure).XOceanmarineinsurancecoverstwotypesoflosses,partiallassandtotallossfperilsofseaandextraneousrisksExposedtomanyrisksintheprocessoftransportingandloadingandunloading,exportgoodsfacethepossibilityofloss.Supposedthatthegoodsisputondeckinsteadofinthecabinwhereitshouldbeaccordingtotheclausestipulatedintheinsurancecontract,insurerhastherighttoagainstanypossibleclaimslodgedbytheinsured.Cabincoverageincludestheriskoffallingintooceanonly,andexcludestherisksoffreshwater,rainandsoak.Expertcreditinsuranceisakindofcreditinsurances.Theinsuredshoulddeliverthegoodstothecarrierbytheagreedwaybeforethematurityofinsurance.Initialvalueassuranceissealedbythesellernormally,whereasincreasedvalueassuranceisboughtbythebuyer.Iftheinsuredcannotgetthewholeorpartialpaymentduetothecommercialcreditorpoliticalrisks,theinsurershouldpaytheindemnity.MarineinsurancepolicyisthepartoftheBillofLading.Insureristhemarineinsurancecompany..從廣義上來講，海運保險的可保風(fēng)險應(yīng)包括貨物在海上運輸中可能的損失和損壞。.戰(zhàn)爭條款是保單中的一項條款，用以保因戰(zhàn)爭引起損失的風(fēng)險。.保險應(yīng)包括水漬險、 偷盜失竊及提貨不著險和戰(zhàn)爭險。 保險金額為CIF價的110%。如果發(fā)生賠付，賠付地為紐約，賠付款以美元計價。.倉至倉保險所承保的風(fēng)險包括從貨物因運輸目的而離開倉庫起經(jīng)運輸期間以及到達目的地倉庫(或者到期日前15天)為止，這段時間內(nèi)產(chǎn)生的風(fēng)險。.如果保險人所投保的風(fēng)險發(fā)生以至產(chǎn)生實際損失，托運人應(yīng)該向保險人出示單證以取得賠償。ICoststructure成本構(gòu)成Costofproduction生產(chǎn)成本Profitmargin邊際利潤Sellingcost銷售成本Targetcosting目標(biāo)成本法Everydaylowpricing(EDLP)每日低價Totalfixedcost總固定成本Variablecost變動成本Skimmingpricestrategy撇月旨定價戰(zhàn)略Penetrationstrategy滲透定價戰(zhàn)略Floatingexchangerisk浮動匯率風(fēng)險成本導(dǎo)向定價法 pricingbasedoncost盈虧平衡定價法 break-evenpricing邊際成本定價法 marginalcostpricingCountryBritainJapanFranceAustraliaChinaBurmaSingaporeNewZealandThailandMalaysiaNepalIndiaIndonesia損益兩平點break-evenpoint計價貨幣moneyofaccount支付貨幣moneyofpayment硬貨幣hardcurrency軟貨幣softcurrency匯率exchangerate價款調(diào)整priceadjustment傭金/折扣commission/discount期貨/現(xiàn)貨市場futureCountryBritainJapanFranceAustraliaChinaBurmaSingaporeNewZealandThailandMalaysiaNepalIndiaIndonesiaCurrencyGBPpoundJPY JapaneseYanFRF FrenchFrancAUPAustraliandollarCNYRMBYuanBUKBurmeseKyatSGDSingaporedollarNZDNewZealanddollarTHPThaiBahtMYR MalaysiandollarNPR NepaleseRupeeINRIndiaRupeeIDRIndonesianRupiahSwiss CHFSwissFrancPhilippines PHPPhilippinePesoItaly ITLItalianLiraI信用狀況 creditstandard遠期信用證 timeL/C,usanceL/C通知銀行 advisingbank信用證有效期 thematurityofL/C交付運單deliveryofB/L支付保障條款 confirmationofcredit支付結(jié)算 paymentandsettlement申請人與受益人 applicantandbeneficiarynirrevocableletterofcredit不可撤銷信用證confirmedL/C保兌信用證revocableletterofcredit可撤銷信用證sightdraft即期匯票commercialbillofexchange 商業(yè)匯票timedraft遠期匯票governmentalguarantee政府保函drawee付款人IrrevocableL/Cisaletterofcreditthatcannotbecanceledorchangedwiththeconsentofallpartiesinvolved.Timedraftisacommercialbillofexchangecallingforpaymenttobemadeatsometimeafterdelivery.Draweeisapersonorpartywhoistoreceiveadraft.Revocableletterofcreditisaletterofcreditthatcanbechangedbyanyofthepartiesinvolved.Sightdraftisacommercialbillofexchangethatrequirespaymenttobemadeassoonasitispresentedtothepartyobligatedtopay.ConfirmedL/Cisaletterifcredittowhichabankintheexporter 'scountryaddsitsguaranofpayment.Commercialbillofexchangeisaninstrumentofpaymentininternationalbusinessthatinstructstheimportertoforwardpaymenttotheexporter.Governmentalguaranteeisanagreementofthegovernmenttoberesponsibleforthefulfillmentofsomeoneelse'spromise.mL/C的全稱是跟單信用證或單證信用證。信用證是銀行開出的支付承諾。一旦供應(yīng)商 /出口商/銷售者達到信用證條款要求，銀行將替買方/進口者支付預(yù)定金額。信用證更正式的名稱是單證信用證，因為銀行處理的是單證而非實物。既然其正式名稱為單證信用證，信用證上所列的條款都涉及在指定時間內(nèi)出示指定單證。不同的信用證中買方所要求的單證是不同的， 但至少會包括一張發(fā)票和一張?zhí)釂巍?其他的單證包括：原產(chǎn)地證明、領(lǐng)事發(fā)票、保險單證、檢驗單以及其他單證。IVIndocumentarycollection,theremittingbanksactingastheintermedium,deliversdocumentsoftheremittertothecollectingbankandacceptpaymentfromthecolletingbank.ItisalwaysunacceptableifthedeliverytimeofB/Listooshort.Exportershouldpresentthedocuments