每日一句

高考英語閱讀翻譯練習(xí)（8）RainieMONDAYAnewstudyprovidestheearliestknownevidenceofamputation–themedicaltermforcuttingoffapartofaperson’sbody.Around31,000yearsago,ayoungadulthadtheirleftfootandpartoftheirleftlegremovedinwhatismodern-dayIndonesia,thestudysuggests.（2023屆衡水高三11月大聯(lián)考）Anewstudyprovidestheearliestknownevidenceofamputation–themedicaltermforcuttingoffapartofaperson’sbody.Around31,000yearsago,ayoungadulthad

hisleftfootandpartofhisleftlegremovedinwhatismodern-dayIndonesia,thestudysuggests.解析：該段共分為兩句。第一句主語Anewstudy，謂語provides，賓語theearliestknownevidenceofamputation，連字符后面的成分做同位語，解釋說明什么是amputation。第二句主語是ayoungadult，謂語hadhisleftfootandpartofhisleftlegremoved,使用了搭配havesth.done表示sth.被做即他的左腳和部分左腿被移除。句意：一項(xiàng)新的研究提供了已知最早的有關(guān)截肢的證據(jù)——截肢這個醫(yī)學(xué)術(shù)語的意思是切除人體的一部分。研究表明，大約在3.1萬年前，在如今的印度尼西亞，一名年輕人的左腳和左腿的一部分被切除。TuesdayScientists

say

the

ancient

surgery

was

performed

when

the

person

was

a

child

—

and

that

the

individual

went

on

to

live

for

years.

It

suggests

that

humans

were

carrying

out

medical

operations

much

earlier

than

scientists

had

thought.（2023屆衡水高三11月大聯(lián)考）TuesdayScientists

say

the

ancient

surgery

was

performed

when

the

person

was

a

child

—

and

that

the

individual

went

on

to

live

for

years.

It

suggests

that

humans

were

carrying

out

medical

operations

much

earlier

than

scientists

had

thought.分析：本段共兩句。第一句中包含了三個從句，第一個和第三個從句是賓語從句Scientists

say(that)......--andthatthe....，這是兩個that都做say的賓語，the

individual代指theperson，第二個從句是狀語從句when

the

person

was

a

child。第二句It

suggests

that.....固定句式：暗示，表明......，carryout表示實(shí)施。句意：科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為這個人是在小時候被截肢的——這個人后來又活了好幾年。。這也就表明人類進(jìn)行醫(yī)療手術(shù)的時間比科學(xué)家認(rèn)為的要早得多。WEDNESDAYTim

Maloney,

the

study’s

lead

researcher,

said

that

researchers

were

exploring

a

cave

in

Borneo,

a

rainforest

area

known

for

ancient

rock

art,

when

they

came

across

the

person’s

burial.Tim

Maloney,

the

study’s

lead

researcher,

said

that

researchers

were

exploring

a

cave

in

Borneo,

a

rainforest

area

known

for

ancient

rock

art,

when

they

came

across

the

person’s

burial.分析：該句主語為Tim

Maloney,

the

study’s

lead

researcher是同位語解釋說明Tim

Maloney，

said是謂語

，that引導(dǎo)了賓語從句，其中

researchers是主語

were

exploring是謂語

a

cavein

Borneo是賓語

,

a

rainforest

area

known

for

ancient

rock

art為同位語解釋說明Borneo，known為非謂語動詞，when引導(dǎo)狀語從句，cameacross偶遇句意：該研究的主研究員馬洛尼說，研究人員在婆羅洲（一個以古代巖石藝術(shù)聞名的熱帶雨林地區(qū)）的一個洞穴中探索時偶然發(fā)現(xiàn)了這個人的墓地。WEDNESDAYThursday

Although

much

of

the

skeleton

（骨骼）

remained,

it

was

missing

its

left

foot

and

the

lower

part

of

its

left

leg,

Maloney

explained.

After

examining

the

remains,

the

researchers

concluded

the

foot

bones

were

not

missing

from

the

burial

or

lost

in

an

accident.

Instead,

the

bones

had

been

carefully

removed.ThursdayAlthough

much

of

the

skeleton

（骨骼）

remained,

it

was

missing

its

left

foot

and

the

lower

part

of

its

left

leg,

Maloney

explained.

After

examining

the

remains,

the

researchers

concluded

the

foot

bones

were

not

missing

from

the

burial

or

lost

in

an

accident.

Instead,

the

bones

had

been

carefully

removed.

分析：Although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，remained動詞“保留”，remains名詞保留物，instead表示“相反”，句意：馬洛尼解釋說，雖然大部分骨架還在，但其左腳和左腿的下半部分卻不見了。在檢查了遺骸后，研究人員得出結(jié)論，他的腳骨不是在埋葬時丟失的，也不是在事故中丟失的。這些骨骼反而是被小心地切除了。Friday

The

remaining

leg

bone

showed

a

clean

cut

that

healed

over,

Maloney

said.

There

were

no

signs

of

infection,

which

would

be

expected

if

the

child

had

gotten

its

leg

bitten

off

by

a

creature

like

a

crocodile.

And

there

were

also

no

signs

of

a

crushing

fracture

（粉碎性骨折）,

which

would

have

been

expected

if

the

leg

had

been

cut

off

in

an

accident.FridayThe

remaining

leg

bone

showed

a

clean

cut

that

healed

over,

Maloney

said.

There

were

no

signs

of

infection,

which

would

be

expected

if

the

child

had

gotten

its

leg

bitten

off

by

a

creature

like

a

crocodile.

And

there

were

also

no

signs

of

a

crushing

fracture

（粉碎性骨折）,

which

would

have

been

expected

if

the

leg

had

been

cut

off

in

an

accident.句意：馬洛尼說，剩余的腿骨上有一道已經(jīng)愈合的整齊的切口。沒有感染的跡象，這個孩子的腿如果是被諸如鱷魚之類的生物咬斷就會出現(xiàn)感染的跡象。也沒有粉碎性骨折的跡象，這條腿如果是在事故中被壓斷的就會出現(xiàn)粉碎性骨折的跡象。

The

child

appears

to

have

lived

for

around

six

to

nine

more

years

after

losing

the

limb,

eventually

dying

from

unknown

causes

as

a

young

adult,

researchers

said.研究人員表示，這個孩子在截肢后似乎又活了大約六到九年，最終在青壯年時因不明原因死亡。

The

evidence

suggests

that

the

ancient

people

knew

enough

about

medicine

to

perform

the

surgery

without

fatal

blood

loss

or

infection.

Researchers

do

not

know

what

kind

of

tool

was

used

to

perform

the

surgery,

or

how

infection