添加關鍵例句（EG）方便理解，其中對比的部分和manhattan原 樣例句加注下劃線或大寫我認為比較生僻和重要的語法點用黑體把原版曼哈頓總計14章內容壓縮到了12章每章內容所對應的OG12,VerbaReview,VerbaOG2題號以橙色斜體標出一、SC2、方法：排除法，首先在稿紙上寫下所有選項，然后根據一些相似性將答案大致分組，根據各組的不同特點劃去錯誤的，比較剩余選項，針對區別進行判斷，剩下最好的。3、做改錯題時，首先應通讀句子，找出句子中能幫助做題的。在很多情況下，句子中幫助做題的離劃線部分會很遠。4、GMC：grammar,meaningandconcision,including：主謂一致，平行，代詞，STEP1、首先看有無語法錯誤STEP2、看意思表達是否準確STEP3、是否簡潔（一） ③Knownas–被認為是，很著名；knowntobe-被承認…knownforknownfor詳細?因而聞④Lossof；lossin⑤Mandate-命令；haveamandate-擁有⑥Nativeof；nativeto⑦RangeofrangingRateofratesfor–價格⑨Rise–上升,形容無方向，單純上升；raise-（或資）上漲，有方⑩Suchaslike-好像（舉例只能用suchas不能用⑾Trytodo–努力去完成；tryng–嘗試去⑿impale-刺穿；impel-unqualifyingunqualified(fromunqualifying釋義:notmeetingsomesortofstandardforqualificationunqualified釋義:withoutanysortofrestrictionor Actual:IfChrisandJedmet,theyDISCUSSEDmathematics.Hypothetical:IfChrisandJedmet,theyWOULDDISCUSSmathematics. EG:ONLYthecouncilvotesonThursdays.ThecouncilvotesONLYon 4（二）§簡潔是GMAT最后考到的點，只有在語法和意思都無誤的情況，才選擇最簡潔的；換言§GMAT語法題中，如果一個詞可以搞定的意思，不要用一個短語，EG:differ好于havedifferenceinWordy:TheyHAVEDIFFERENCESoverTHEWAYINWHICHthecompanyshouldMAKEINVESTMENTSinnewtechnologies.Better:TheyDIFFERoverHOWthecompanyshouldINVESTinnewRise-increase;sum-total;regain-again;enable-beableto;attempt-try;otherthan-opposite;drop-decrease;sufficient-enough;including-among；haveto–require及近義詞then-later;so-inorder2、注意being、having，雖然二者大多數情況是錯的，但MAT也通常會制造一些其他的語法錯誤，使得此類選項稍好一點。過去：previously;formerly;inthepast;現在：now;currently;presently;at每年的：annual;eachyear;aEG:OG12 panied清晰；另外關于什么的增長，一般的用法是increaseinsth，而不是increasedsthEG:Becausethedogwasnevermine.錯誤，缺乏一個主EG:×Thedevelopmentofahydrogencarbasedonexpectedperformanceparameterswillbeabletotravelhundredsof withoutrefueling.(development能夠不加油就跑幾百 （三）容易引起EG:(whentheauditorsleft),theexecutive(whohadbeeninterviewed)was（四）and（alongwith（alongwith,inadditionto,aswellas,togetherwith,including,）連接 ,（五）eitheror,neitherEG:Neitherthecoachnortheplayersaregoingtothe若僅僅只有eitherorneither,沒有or、nor，則謂語動詞一定要用EG:NeitherthechildrenisgoingtoschoolPeople:agency,army,audence,cass,commttee,crowd,orchestra,Items:baggage,ctrus,equpment,feet,frut,furnAnyone,anybody,anything,noone,nobody,nothing,each,every,someone,somebody,something,everyone,whatever,whoever但是如下幾個特殊情況，需要根據內容確定單復數：some,any,none,all,more/most,partEG:Someofthemoneywasstolenfrommywallet.Someof swerestolenfromtheNoneof可以使復數也可以是單數，但是notoneof（八）each& everydcathasTheyeacharegreattennisAnumberof+復數主語+Thenumberof復數/單數主語+Majority,minority,andplurality,fractions&percentages要考慮of結構后面是單數還是復數，從從句：以whowhyhowwhether或that引導主語從句，謂語動詞用單數例：Whyshedidthisisnotknown.而what引導的從句，要看what后面名詞的狀況來確定。且整個句子的主語，也需what從句中所涉及對象的數量，來幫助確認。(WhatisdifficulttounderstandisA. WhataredifficulttounderstandareA,B,andC.)HavnggoodfrendsISawonderfuthWhatevertheywanttodosfnewth注意：當判斷倒裝句的單復數，要看謂語動詞后名詞（主語）的單復數定語從句內結構最好不用倒裝OG68sththatbe…,當前面的sth做主語的時候thatbe一般要省略，否則不符合；另外，諸如evidence之類的詞，后面要跟that從句Wrong:NearthosebuildingsSITalonelyhouse,inhabitedbysquatters.Right:NearthosebuildingsSITSalonelyhouse,inhabitedbysquatters.Wrong:ThereISayoungmanandanolderwomanatthebusstop.Flipit!: AyoungmanandanolderwomanAREthereatthebusstop.Right:ThereAREayoungmanandanolderwomanatthebusstop.Uncertain:Pongisaclassicgamefromwhichhave/hasdescendedmanycurrentFlipit!Pongisaclassicgamefromwhi anycurrentcomputerpastimesHAVEdescended.Right:PongisaclassicgamefromwhichHAVEdescendedmanycurrentcomputer 選單數，幾率11.JustaroundthecornerwereafantastcbakeryANDasma12thEdition:2,5,13,27,45,60,66,68,78,84,VerbalReview:8,16,24,34,35,59,77OR2ndEdition:10,11,And,but,bothand,or,eitheror;neithernor,notbut,notonlybutalso,ratherthan,from有時候be,can,to…（三）AND：最重要，GMAT中喜歡在長句和意思相對獨立句中的and前加逗號。如果Aa B,distinguishXfromY,XisthesameasY, asA,soB, estimateXtobeY,Xisgood,andsotooisY,XinsteadofY,X,suchasY, comparedtoX, XisknowntobeY, thinkofXasY, considerXY, XislessthanY,makeXY, declareXY, MistakeXForY, WhetherXOrY, XdevelopsIntoY,NotOnlyX(,)ButAlsoY, XDiffersFromY, regardXAsYBe,appear, e,feel,grow,look,remain,represent,resemble,seem,smell,sound,stay,taste,turnWrong:ThebouquetoffowersWASagvngofove.邏輯不合理Rght:ThebouquetoffowersWASagiftof12thEdition:6,11,14,15,22,24,26,28,29,36,42,46,52,53,55,56,62,65,72,81,83,88,D36,D39,注意有些名詞是作為形容詞、所有格在用，這樣的名詞不能作為先行詞；名詞作為先行詞的條件是該名詞一定要具備名詞功能。Nofn結構，有時可以EG:Theparkrangersdiscussedmeasurestopreventseverewildfires,whichwouldbeto Wrong:Thsnvestgatngseveraexecutves'compensatonpackagesnordertodetermnehowmuayhavebeenmproperyawardedtoThem不能指代所有格的executBetter:Th snvestgatngthecompensatonpackagesofseveraexecutves-nordertodetermnehowmuchTHEYmayhavebeenmproperyawarded.Best:ThsnvestgatngthecompensatonpackagesofseveraexecutvesnordertodetermnehowmuchTHESEEXECUTIVESmayhavebeenmpropery 重復先行詞是最好的選擇EG:Althoughtheterm“super”maysoundwonderful,itissimplyanmachinethatcanproducemanyproductsatone.此處,it指代就有問題，因為super怎么能是機器呢？Wrong:Researcherscamtohavedeveopednew"nano-papers"ncorporatngtceuosefbers,whchTHEYaegegveTHEMthestrengthofcast定語從句中不能再出現被指Rght:Researcherscamtohavedeveopednew"nano-papers"ncorporatngtnyceuosefbers,whchaegedygveTHESEMATERIALSthestrengthofcastron.（四）代詞和先行詞的GMAT（五）代詞主格可用做主語：I,you,she,he,it,we,they,代詞賓格用作賓語：me,you,him,her,it,us,them,所有格：my,mine,your,yours,his,her,hers,its,our,ours,their,theirs,代詞在句子主語的位置上，通常會被認為指代與其平行句子的主語。特別是在平行結構中Supernovasdestroytheirimmediateenvironmentsinvastexplosions,BUTbysynthesizingheavychemicalelements,THEYprovidetheuniversewiththepossibilityofbiochemistry-basedlifeasweknowit. Wrong:Th isinvestigatingseveralexecutives'compensationpackagesinordertodeterminehowmu ayhavebeenimproperlyawardedtoTHEM.which，that只能指代物，只有who,whom才能指代人.Whose既可以指認，也可以指this,that,these,those在句子中不能奔，必須用作this/that/those/these+n的結構才能做代詞使用，而這個名詞則是能體現先行詞性質的詞。(this,those,thatandtheseareneverusedasastand-alonepronounwithoutanounfollowing)EG：New”nano-papers”incorporatefibersthatgiveTHESEMATERIALSEG:ThemoneyspentbyherparentsismorethanthatspentbyherIttheyThemoneyspentbyherparentssmorethanITwasexpectedtothat或those表明新copy的時候一定前后完全一致（包括單復數），否則需要重復先行詞。EG：Hercompanyisoutperformingthoseofhercompetitors.錯， outperform[,autp?'f?:m] 過；做得 類比OG的civilization那道EG:Thepayers'hemetsneedtoberepantedbefore(they)areusednSunday'sgame.helmet['helmit]n鋼盔，頭Helmetsstheantecedentofthey.Youneednotworrythattheycoudrefertobecause(1)helmetsscosertothey,and(2)player!sapossessvenoun,andsthereforenotagoodantecedentforapronounnthesubjectvecase.Wefnaychosethecoffeetabetowardsthebackofthestore,becausewethoughtthatthstabewoudcompementourvngroomfurnture.這里如果用t指代tabe是有歧義的，因為store的存在；所以盡量重復被指代名詞錯誤：AfewShakespeareanschoarsmantanthattheyborrowedsomeofhsmostmemorabnesfromChrstopherMar正確：AfewShakespeareanschoarsmantanthattheyborrowedsomeofShakespearemostmemorabenesfromChrstopherMarowe.memorable['mem?r?bl]adj顯著的，難忘的；值得紀念Shetookheraptopandherbookswthheronthearpanebecauseshethoughtshecoudusethesetogetsomeworkdone.用she當主語，是對的，不是必須出現他的先行詞；these必須改成them，these不能奔；them指代heraptopandherbooks12thEdition:1,7,23,47,91,VerbalReview:12,15,19,29,41,44,49,53,65,OR2ndEdition:16,（一）形容詞修飾名詞或者代詞，副詞修飾除了名詞和代詞外，其余詞均可修飾。系動詞后面跟形容詞，不是修飾動詞的，而是識別主語的一個狀態 EG:JamesisMax’ssupposedIrishancestor.supposed修飾ancestor，表明James可能是，也可能Max’sgrandmotherishissupposedlyIrishancestor.此處supposedly一定要用副詞形式，因為M的肯定是M的祖先，只是不知道是不是他的Irish祖先而已，因此副詞再次修飾形容詞常見的形容詞+ly變副詞的詞語corresponding,frequentindependent,rare,recent,seeming,separate,significant,supposed,usual.（二）名詞修飾語：形容詞、介詞短語，過去分詞，不加逗號的現在分詞，從句，同位語前置修飾是GMAT中最常見的名詞性修飾EG:Tiredfromchasingmice,thecattookaEG:Jimbikedalonganolddirtroadtogettohishouse,whichcutthroughthewoods.錯Togettohishouse,Jimbikedalonganolddirtroad,whichcutthroughthewoods.對wood[wud]n.木材；木制品；樹林Wrong:Resignedtothebadnews,therewasnocommotionintheRight:Resignedtothebadnews,theofficeworkersmadenocommotion. 最常見的模式就是：修飾語，修飾語 主謂賓必而一種常見容易弄錯的情形是：修飾語，主語+定語從句，謂賓，這種是對的另外一種：修飾語，定語從句，主語，修飾語，謂語賓語，這種也對，但少見EG:Bothshockingandentertainingaudiencesacrossthenation,GeorgeCarlininfluencedandinspiredagenerationofcomedians,Wrong:Onlyinthepastcenturyhasorigami’sdevelopment,aceremonialactivityinventedmillenniaago,intoatrueartformtakenplace.此句中，后句不是句子而是一個修飾結構，由于Right:Origami-aceremonialactivityinventedmillenniaagohasdevelopedintoatrueartformonlyinthepastcentury. 一般修飾賓語That/whom：Where:只能修飾具體的地點，對于一些虛擬的，如condition,situation,case,circumstance,arrangement，用inwhich修飾更好。When:可以修飾一個名詞時間或時間，如time,period,age,1987,decade,也可以用in代替；inwhich更限制性名詞修飾；無逗號隔開的，用that：有必要的名詞修飾語：需要這個修飾才能識別限制性名詞修飾：有逗號隔開的，用which在有the 用that而不用whichwhich（在沒有介詞的情況下）必須引導限定性定從，這樣就改變了作者的邏輯，使得含義不完整；Non-essenta非限定性:Thismansion，WHICHHASBEENRECENTLYPAINTEDRED，isownedbythetees;Essenta限定性:ThemansionTHATHASBEENPAINTEDREDisownedbytheNon-essenta:Thismansion，FORWHICHIYEARN，isownedbytheLees.YEARN渴望，向往Essenta:ThemansionFORWHICHIYEARNisownedbytheThetaestmountanonEarthsthatsontheborderbetweenNepaJ.andTThat應該改為whch引導非限定定從；因為有已經明確了是哪座從屬結構，通過because,although,if,while,sothat（五）whichWhich只能修飾在他之前的名詞，whichNwhichinging可以修飾一個句子（此時主句若轉化為同意名詞，這個名詞可作為ing的主語，這種形式就是常見的ing表示結果的結構。EG:Crimehasrecentlydecreasedinourneighborhood,leadingtoariseinproperty經典錯誤：Thepatent'sraredseasewastreatedusngnovetechnquesdeveopedatthemedcaschoo.沒有合適的Correcton:Thepatent'sraredseasewastreatedthroughtheuseofnovetechnquesdeveopedatthemedcaschoo.轉變為through避免了邏輯主語問題ORThedoctortreatedthepatent'sraredseasebyusngnovetechnquesdeveopedatthemedcaschoo.添加合適的VerbalReview:7,表示一般狀態的動詞不用進行時，比如knowsignify。Wrong:ThisinscriptionISSIGNIFYINGtheemperor'sbirth.Right:ThisinscriptionSIGNIFIEStheemperor'sbirth.現在完成時表示的是一個行為發生在過去，但狀態繼續到現在，或者是仍然對現在有所影響。現在完成時的標志詞：since+過去一個時間點since1986；for/within/over/during/in+時間段(thepastfive ,thelasttendays,)Rght:ThscountryHASENFORCEDstrctmmgratonawsforthrtyyears.Rght:TheyHAVEKNOWNeachothersnce1987.Rght:WeHAVELIVEDnahutforthreedays.Rght:WeLIVEDnahutforthreedays.表示詞：likelihood/possibility+that,over+Tosummarze,thePresentPerfectndcatesether'contnuedactonorcontnuedeffectofacompletedacton.如果想表達個特殊的，被完成的時間段，用般過去時，不用現在完成時；Wrong:VeroncaHASTRAVELEDaoverthewordn2007.Rght:VeroncaTRAVELEDaoverthewordn2007現在完成時比（一般過去或過去完成時）更好的與一般現在兩個行為都發生在過去，而較早的那一個要用過去完成時用一個過去式說明一個動詞，要將現在時轉化為過去時，過去時轉化為過去完成時，將來時轉化為條件狀態（ill---would）E:Themanbelievesthatthemachineillbeonderful.Thescientistbelievedthatthemachinewouldbe錯誤：Themanbelievesthatthemachinewouldbewonderful.Themanbelievedthatthemachinewillbewonderful.如果主句和分句主語相同，且以and,before,but，after等連接，如果句子邏輯上存在先后順EGAntonioDROVEtothestoreandCristinaBOUGHTsomeicecream.LauraLOCKEDthedeadbolt(n螺栓)beforesheLEFTforwork.EG:ThebandU2wasoneofmanynewgroupsontherockmusicsceneintheearly1980's,butlessthantenyearslater,U2hadfullyeclipseditsearlyrivalsinthepantheonofpopularmusic.Wrong:JoeLEARNEDaboutanepochnwhchdnosaursHADWALKEDtheearth.不要使用完成時，當一個簡單的時態可 用的時候，因為GMAT喜歡簡單Right:JoeLEARNEDaboutan不要使用完成時，當一個簡單的時態可 用的時候，因為GMAT喜歡簡單盡管我們都知道learned清清時時看起來不可能或者不真實的條件，用if,asif,asthoughproposal,desire,request等表“建議”、“命令”的詞用thatEG:ifIwereari If…then….常見的五種句型(then經常會被省略掉 107表示確定:Ifpresent,thenEG:ifsheeatspizza,(then) es表示某種程度的不確定:ifpresent,thencanormayIfsheeatspizza,(then)shemay/can eill.確定-用于將來時態：'ifXhappens/hashappened,YwillIfsheeatspizzatomorrow,(then)she ePresentJfSophieHASEATENpizza,thenshe E'用于將來時態：ifXweretohappen,YwouldIfsheatepizzatomorrow, eill.(使用虛擬語氣從未發生-過去式：If+pastperfect,would/could+have+Ifshehadeatenpizzayesterday,( d/could eill.(使用虛擬語氣Should和would不能進入ifshould一般形式：主語+命令性詞匯+that+從句主語+動詞+…要格外，GMAT會面放單數名詞讓你選單數的動詞，這里要用原型！Be,do常見令性詞匯,只能接that的：demand,dictate,insist,mandate,propose, stipulate,另外有些詞匯，只能用todo的：advise,allow,forbid,persuade,有些詞匯表示命令即可以接that，又可以todo：ask,beg,intend,order,prefer,urge,requireEG:Inanattempttoguaranteethesecurityofitsinnovativewaterpurificationmethod,thecompanyrequiredeachemployeetosigna ityagreementprohibitingdisclosureofitswaterpurificationmethodstoanycompanyusingan ogouspurificationprocess.Rght:HisdemandTHATheBEpaidfullseverancewasnot形容詞性令詞匯既可用虛擬語氣，也可用不定式：如essential,advisable,crucial,desirable,fitting,imperative,important,mandatory,necessary,preferable,urgent,vital常見用法：prohibitsth；prohibit ng；prohibitsb whether后面避免使用虛擬語氣be，因為太陳舊Wrong:Ilikeicecream,WHETHERitbechocolate,vanilla,oranyotherflavor.Rght:Ilikeicecream,WHETHERitischocolate,vanilla,oranyotherflavor.vanilla[v?'nil?]n.香子蘭，香草adj.香草味的不要使用除了be動詞意外的動詞來構成語態；suchWrong:ThepizzaGOTEATENbythehungryWrong:ThepizzamustGETEATENby后面一般跟動作的執行者；through和becauseofaqurkoffate命運的捉弄THROUGHaqurkoffate,thepzzaWASaccdentayGMAT規則，主動優于；因為啰嗦；選項中的很羅嗦，或者有歧義；或者發出者很難確定；避免這這些特征的選項Passve:ItHASBEENDECIDEDbyJasonthathewnotattendcoActve:JasonHASDECIDEDnottoattendco 動Wrong:TheaensWEREARRIVEDonNeptunenthe20thcentury.Rght:TheaensARRIVEDonNeptunenthe20thcentury.aenn外國人，外僑；外星4在保證平行的情況下，有時會用到語態Shehadareadywokenupwhenthephone因為我們想表達個人的睡眠去持續到某個過去的時間點（thephonerang）須使用過去完成LastMondayMaryreazedthatshewoudhavetospendaofthatnghtrewrtngherappcatonbecauseshehadnotbackedupherfes.ByoftheApooprogram,tweveAmercanshadwakedonthemoon.EndoftheApolloprogram就相當于一個特殊的日期，在過去。12thEdition:3,19,41,54,67,69,70,74,85,86,87八、GMATLike,unlike,morethan,lessthan,fasterthan,differentfrom,incontrastwith/to,as,as(adj.)as,asmuchas,asfastas,thesameaslikevsLike是一個介詞，因此like后面只能跟名詞，代詞或者名詞短語LIKEherbrother.AY.Racedthe 這里likeLIKEswimming,skiingisgreat 特殊like+ing分詞正確Rght:Frank'sbuild,LIKEhisbrother's,isndRght:Frank'sbuild,LIKEthatofhisbrother，isndRght:Frank,LIKEhisbrother,hasandmuscularIliketorunthroughforestsmorethanIenjoywalkingthrough錯誤，結構不平 表示列舉的時候，只能用as,不能用like主語比較AdosththanBdo.（AB為對等名詞，加do是為了顯示這是一個可以發出動介賓比較AdosthofC1byD1thanofC2byD2.（C1C2，D1D2對等名詞注意一定要是介賓才能直接跟在than錯:Theclothesinsidethestorelookedmoreappealingthanoutsidethe不是介對Theclothesinsidethestorelookedmoreappealingthandidthoseoutsidetheracks.rack[r?k]n.齒條；行李架；拷問臺賓語比較AdoC1thanC2.(C1C2為對等名詞從邏輯上考慮，如果C2不能發出do這個動作，此時沒歧義，C2狀語比較Adosththanusual/everbefore/peopleexpected(直接加狀語2、一種句型只有主謂，沒有賓語的句子，因為沒有賓語，只可能有主語比較，因而不需要重復do來確認這是一個可發出動作的主語，所以其比較形式如下：Ieatfasterthanyou.注意與下句Ieatfasterthanyoudo（啰嗦）3、AS族的比較大同小異，as可單獨引導比較，也可以復合成asmanyasashardas等Sandroadcoststwiceasmanytobuildastomaintain(類似于介賓比較）Sandroadcoststwiceasmanytobuildasstoneroaddo(主語比較）Sandroadcoststhe ernmenttwiceasmanytobuildastheresidents.(賓語比較）ASpoorastheyare,theycannotaffordaTheyhave800millionstudents,asmanyashaveenrolledinourschool.5、Therebe句型等同于一般的主謂賓俱全的句型OG89ThereisonePCforevery32pupilsinAmericanfourtimesasmanyastherewerefouryearsThereisonePCforevery32pupilsinAmericanfourtimesasmanyasDVDplayer(賓語比較)ThereisonePCforevery32pupilsinAmericanfourtimesasmanyasforschoolteachers.(介賓ThereisonePCforevery32pupilsinAmericanfourtimeasmanyasinchina(介賓比較) EG:MycarisbiggerthanBrian's[car}.MytoesarelongerthanBrian'sEG:WhereasIdrink2quartsofmilkaday,myfrienddrinks3[quarts}.IwalkfasterthanBrian[walks}.Iwalkasfastnowas[Iwalked}whenIwasEG:Visualeatsmorecarrotsthandonuts.(donuts必須為賓語才能省略VishaleatsmorecarrotsthanHEDOESdonuts.啰此時用邏輯判斷出donuts不能eat Ambiguous:IcheesemorethanYvette.{Yvettecouldbesubjectorobject.}Right:IlikecheesemorethanYvetteDOES.(=thanYvetikescheese)Right:IlikecheesemorethanIDOYvette.(=thanIlikeYvette)（四）與OG EG:AdamrunsmorequicklythanJones.（沒有賓語，所以Jones后面省略Wrong:AdranrunsQUICKLY.HerunsQUICKERthan2、中一定要有一個than，不要單獨的使用形容詞的，除非有than一個重要例子：Acatcannotcatchawildebeestasfastasacheetah.錯Acatcannotcatchawildebeestthatrunasfastasacheetah.(賓語的奔跑速度比較)Acatcannotcatchawildebeestasfastasitcanacheetah.(同一主語抓捕速度比較Acatcannotcatchawildebeestasfastasacheetahcan.(主語抓速度比較，補出情態動詞習題；1.Jugglingisafavoritepastimeforme,likefor/like應該用asforyou;直接用likeyou會有歧義，不知道是表達juggling是很好的對你；還是你Aleopard'sskillincatchingawildebeestisasimpressiveasacheetah.Correction:Aleopard'sskillincatchingawildebeestisasimpressiveasacheetah's.ORAleopard'sskillincatchingawildebeestisasimpressiveasthatofacheetahAthoughthetowersappeardentca,thewesttowersthetaest,standng16feettaerthantheeasttower.Correcton:Athoughthetowersappeardentca,thewesttowerstands16feettaerthantheeastCourtney'sexperencesatHaeford,aargeresearchunverstywthrenownedprofessors,affuentstudents,andmposngbudngs,wereunkeherhghschooonthereservaton.Correcton;Courtney'sexperiencesatHaleford,alargeresearchuniversitywithprofessors,affluentstudents,andimposingbuildings,wereunlikeherexperiencesinhighschoolonthereservation.ThebayACTEDASafunnelforthetide.(=functionedMyfriendACTEDLIKEafool.(=behavedinasimilarHisbehaviorAGGRAVATEDtheManhattan語法中文精簡版bykanon8920@ChsaeDreamTheelectronsareparticlesTHEphysicistsAGREESheAIDSherSheprovidesAIDTOvictims.AIDFORvictimsisavailable.HerAIDINWALKINGthedogisappreciated.WeadoptednewproceduresAIMEDATREDUCINGWeadoptednewproceduresWITHTHEAIMOFREDUCINGThedemolitionoftheoldbuildingALLOWSFORnewconstruction.(=permitstheHisANXIETYABOUThiscompany'sfutureisill-HisANXIETYTHAThiscompanyMAYBESOLDOUTisill-ImperfectionsAPPEARAStinycracks.(=showupas)HeAPPEARSCONFUSED.(=seems)ThedinosaursAPPEARTOHAVEBEENrelativelysmart.ITAPPEARSTHATthedinosaursWEREsmart.WehaveTHREETIMESASMANYpearsASHisknowledgespringsASMUCHfromexperienceASfromHisknowledgespringsNOTSOMUCHfromexperienceASfromAslongIwillleave,ASLONGASitISsafe.Iwillleave,SOLONGASitISIwillleave,PROVIDEDTHATitIS(Just)As…,so…(部分倒裝JUSTASyoupractice,SOshallyouplay.(=inthesamewayorBEINGinfecteddoesnotmakeyouThejudgessawthehorsesBEINGledtotheWITHINtheBORDERSofacountry,對Intheborder/Insidetheborder都錯IhaveONECHANCEINATHOUSANDOFWINNING中 PAREDTO(強調相似)andCOMPAREDWITH(強調區別)的用法不加區分WehaveCONFIDENCETHATthemarkerWILLWehaveCONFIDENCEINthemarket'sABILITYTOTheyCONTENDTHATtheycandeciphertheManhattan語法中文精簡版bykanon8920@ChsaeDreamThedangerwillCONTINUETO不太好：ThedangerwillCONTINUEGROWING(correctbutapparentlynotHugoCREDITSSallyWITHgoodtaste.SallyISCREDITEDWITHgoodtaste.TheyDATEDtheartifactATthreecenturiesold.TheartifactWASDATEDATthreecenturiesold.Declaresth/declare不太好：declaretoThiswindowISDESIGNEDTODevelopSheisDISINCLINEDTOCALLherThebookwasSHORTENOUGH(FORME)TOREADinaEXPENDmoney/energyThecriminalsAREATFAULTFORBREAKINGtheHisHELPINRAKINGtheleaveshas HeHOLDSTHATjaywalkingis不太好：ThelawholdsjaywalkingtobeIwentwiththeINTENT(orINTENTION)OFLEAVINGsoon.IwentwiththeINTENTTOLEAVEsoon.TheculturewasISOLATEDFROMoutsideWeKNOWherTOBEbrilliant.SheisKNOWNTOBEbrilliant.（特征）WeKNOWhimAS"Reggie."HeisKNOWNAS"Reggie."（）MyfriendisMORELIKELYTHANmyenemy[is]TOEATworms.MyfriendisTWICEASLIKELYASmyenemy[is]TOEATworms.MORETHANLIKELY,myfriendWILLEATworms.IhavesufferedaLOSSOFstrength.(=declineofaTheyhavesufferedaLOSSINtheeuro.(=declineofanMeansof Manhattan語法中文精簡版bykanon8920@Meanstodo/toThestateORDERSncyTOCOLLECTtaxes.Ordersth點菜HeOWESmoneyTO ernmentFORbackTheacademygaveseniorcadetsDANCING不太好：TheacademygaveseniorcadetsTHEPRIVILEGEOFTheRATESFORbusticketsaregoodforcommuters.(=prices)TheRATEOFthefthasfallen.(=frequencyorspeed)ThecolonistsREBELLEDAGAINSTRecognizeas/tobeBereluctanttoAneighborofmineRESEMBLESmyRestrictionONThecarlooksTHESAMETOmeASTOSo…asThesaucewasSOhotASTOburnmy糾結的搭配，10hOG中曾出現在正確項中，但是到了12hOG則說是錯誤搭配卻又沒給解釋為什么錯。Manhattan以及n多磚家認為此搭配沒問題可以用。So,遇到它提高警惕。SoBellbottomsAREcomingbackinstyle,andSOTOOAREThisintervention EDATaspecificSheTHINKSOFthemASSheISTHOUGHTTOBEsecretlyWehaveaTOOLFORMAKINGprogress.WehaveaTOOLTOMAKEprogress.Note:TheGMATdoesnotseemtorequireWITH,althoughonemakesprogressWITHaMylaptopWEIGHSLESSTHANa第十章：ODDS&1、一個正確的句子至少有一個主句：有完整的主謂結構，且不以becauseorif結尾；逗號不2、and是GMAT考試總最重要的連詞，它可以連接多個名詞，或多個結構相同成分或者句子，注意and連接的前后成分一定要是并列的。1pears2兩個主句（Ilikeapples,andshelikesgrapes3、一次只能用詞，如since/because,so不能同時用 although,yet不能同時用4、并列連詞：and,but,or,for,nor,yet,so；從屬連詞，although,because,before,after,since,when,if,unless,that,though,whileWrong:Shesno erestednsports,ANDshekeswatchngthemonTV.Rght:Shesnoerestednsports,BUTshekeswatchngthemonTV.1EG:Wrong:Earwakedtoschoo,ANDateratehsunch.個人認為，不能判錯，但是要瞬間失去好感Rght:EarwakedtoschooANDateratehsunch.Rght:Earwakedtoschoo,ANDHEateratehs2分號用以連接兩個緊密相關的句子，這兩個句子又是分別相對完整的句子（說是“相對”，是因為雖然語法上都能單獨成句，但是邏輯意思上第二句單獨出來的話就說不通）EG:AndrewandLisaareinseparable;theydoeverythingRght:Thedamhascreateddeadzones,WHEREfshhavedsappeared.Wrong:Thedamhascreateddeadzones;fshhavedsappeared.however,therefore,inaddition,then.Wrong:AndrewandLisaareinseparable,THEREFORE,weneverseethemapart.Right:AndrewandLisaareinseparable;THEREFORE,weneverseethemapart.WrongIlistentoEarth,Wind&Fire,WowOwls,andBloodSweat&Tears.Right:IlistentoEarth,Wind&Fire;Wow,Owls;andBlood,Sweat&Tears.冒號是對前面信息起補充說明作用，可以在冒號后面加namely或者thatis。EG:Therateofareactionisaffectedbythreefactors:concentration,surfacearea,andEG:OnJanuary1,2000,thenationalmoodwascompleydifferentfromwhatitwould justafewyearslater:attheturnofthecentury,givenaseeminglyunstoppablestockmarketandaseeminglypeacefulworld,thecountrywascontent.E:Mythreebetfriends-anny,Jimmy,andJoey-andIwentskiing.(用逗號意思就變7個人了)(3)破折號還可以重復或者解釋前半句的內容。但又和冒號不同，破折號不一定立刻放在被解釋內容之后。EG:Post-MBAcompensationforinvestmentbankerstendstosurgefaraheadofthatformanagementconsultants-bytens,ifnothundreds,ofthousandsofdollarsayear.Mythreebestfriends-Danny,Jimmy,andJoey-andIwent3moremostenough,all但是less只4、留意單位詞：如dollar,gallons,這些單位詞可用復數，但都是修飾不可數名詞的如moneyvolume；Rght:WehaveLESSTHANtwentydofewerthantwentydollar5、thenumberof修飾單數，anumberof修飾復數，Thenumbersof一般都是錯的如果要做numbers比較，一般用greaterthan,而不是morethanRght:TheprceofsverINCREASEDbytendoRght:TheprceofsversfvedoarsGREATERthantheprceof7、在使用這些詞的時候，要避免意思重復：Decrease-fall;increase-riseA:Thoughcanashaveaseveredecnenbargetraffcoverthepastseveradecades,yetwththersenfuecosts,"shppng"byactuashpsmayonceaganeanmportantmeansoftransportnggoodswthntheCanashaveexperencedseveredecnenbargetraffcoverthepastseveradecades,yetwththersenfuecosts,"shppng"byactuashpsmayonceaga eanmportantmeanstransportnggoodswthntheB:HarveyDash,theremarkabesprnter,HASBROKENwordrecordsINTWOOLYMPICEVENTS:theIOO-meterand200-meterruns.13.O,amajorInternetretailer,announcedmixedresultsforthesecondtheNUMBERofpeopleshopat grewbyTHIRTY-FOURPERCENT,butprofitpercustomerfellsharplyasconsumersshiftedtolower-marginitemsinresponsetouncertaineconomicconditions.并列連詞必須被逗號隔開，而從屬連詞 （一）簡潔：一些具體的形式:1、動詞形式優于名詞：即動詞形式優于名詞 EG:Heconceivedofmoneyasa 優于àHisconceptionofmoneywasa.Hisexampleinfluencedme.優于àHisexamplewasaninfluenceon2、that從句優于一堆名詞性修飾語，常用這種結構的詞包括：hypothesis,belief,discovery,evidence,indication,andreport.EG:Thehypothesisthattheuniverseislargelycomposedofdarkenergyseems Thehypothesisaboutthecompositionoftheuniverseaslargelydarkenergyseemsstrange.Theartistinfluencedthemovement.. Theartistwasinfluentialtothe例外的：(vs.aresuspiciousof)忠實原jugglevi玩雜耍 ；歪曲vt歪曲 n玩戲法Shehastheabilitytojuggle. Sheisabletojuggle.更好的是shecanSheiscapableofjuggling.-- ShehasthecapabilitytoWordy:Oilpriceshavefallen,butpricesatthegasolinepumphavenotfallenTOACOMPARABLEEXTENT.Better:Oilpriceshavefallen,butpricesatthegasolinepumphavenotfallen toaconsiderable toasignificant 注意：盡可能避免用tobe，而用isamare6、sththatisadj啰嗦；àadjsth簡潔；如果主句也有be那么避免使用從句加beMarcosisaprofessorwhoisadmirable.Marcosisaadmirableprofessor.Wordy:Joan,WHOISaFIREFIGHTER,worksnYosemtePark.Better:Joan,aFIREFIGHTER,worksnYosemtePark.7、盡量少用itis…that（強調句結構Wordy:ITISwithoutfearTHATchildrenshouldplay.Better:Childrenshouldplaywithoutfear.一定當心捷徑，beingorthefactthat不意味著就一定錯：1、 Awallofstone=astonewall。但是of是帶有數量、時間、計量性質的固定搭配就不能改了,一MemorialDayweek/MemorialDay'sweek<theweekOFMemorialthehoneybeepopulation's thehoneybeepopulationdensity<thedensityOFhoneybee(2)尤其介詞不是ofDanuberiveraccess<accesstotheDanuberiver;Bostonsoldier<soldierfromBostonPopulationchangesofhoneybees<changesinthepopulationofhoneybeessalesincrease<increasein2、在比較中，thatof,thoseof常常很重要錯誤：Thef