PAGEPAGE8Unit4PYGMALION第一部分《金色教案》教學設計說明Aboutthetopicandthestructures單元話題和結構本單元的主題是通過分析《賣花女》中各個人物的性格，使學生理解：人的語言和行為受其社會地位和環境的影響，但是通過后天的努力，是可以改變現狀的。鼓勵學生要勇于改變自我，不能滿足于現狀，充分挖掘自己的潛力。本單元語言功能項目是：推測，情緒，判斷和評估。本單元語言結構項目是“復習過去分詞作狀語”。本單元還要求學生學習寫作“創造性寫作：戲劇“皮格馬利翁”的一幕”。《金色教案》教學設計在單元課時劃分上與課本保持一致，即“閱讀課、知識課、運用課三課時/三課型劃分”。但在實際教學過程中，建議教師依據學生基礎、教學條件、學校安排的因素，對課本、對《金色教案》教學設計重新劃分課時，裁剪、拼接使用提供的材料，以便“物盡所用”，達到最佳教學效果。教師也可以參照《金色教案》提供的“實際教學過程課時劃分建議”進行教學。Period1Reading閱讀課WarmingUp課本是通過圖片引出希臘神話故事Pygmalion，讓學生有一個初步印象；并通過問題二打開思路，為以后學習劇本和理解劇情做好了鋪墊。教師也可以采用本書WarmingupbyleaningaboutPygmalion進行熱身教學。Pre-reading課本在此幫助學生通過電影《窈窕淑女》了解Pygmalion，激發學生的閱讀興趣，教師也可以以Pre-readingaboutMyFairLady進行預讀/讀前教學。Reading是一個劇本。故事講述了一位來自社會下層語言粗俗的賣花女，偶然遇到社會上層的皮克林上校和錫金思教授的情景，通過他們之間的對話和各自具有的代表性語言，突出本劇主題：人的語言和行為都受他社會地位和環境的影響，但是通過后天的努力，是可以改變現狀的。鼓勵學生要勇于改變自我，不能滿足于現狀，充分挖掘自己的潛力。教師可以參考本書提供的如下程序進行課堂教學：Readingforforms，Copyingandmakingsentences，Transferringinformation，Closingdownbyhavingadictation。Period2Learningaboutlanguage知識課LearningaboutLanguage分為兩部分，Discoveringusefulwordsandcollocations是本單元的詞匯練習題,訓練學生在語境中理解詞匯的能力，并要注意在運用過程中動詞，名詞形式的變化。Discoveringusefulstructures是本單元的語法練習題，著重復習過去分詞做狀語的用法。教師可以參考本書提供的如下程序進行課堂教學：WarmingupbylookingforthePastParticipleastheAdverbial，Learningaboutthepastparticiplesusedastheadverbials，Correctingandcompleting，Closingdownbyputtingonashortplay。Period3Usinglanguage運用課UsingLanguage部分的閱讀與表演是本單元劇本的第二部分。劇情注重描寫了賣花女為了改變自己的命運，來到教授家要求學習規范語言。教授看到她衣著臟亂，舉止粗俗，不想教她，但為了和上校打賭來證明其語言觀及教學能力，收下賣花女。教師可以參考本書提供的如下程序進行課堂教學：WarmingupbylearningmoreaboutPYGMALION，Readingandacting，Copyingthecollocations，Actingaplay，Closingdownbylearningtoact。實際教學過程課時劃分建議Period1將WarmingUp、Pre-reading、Reading和Comprehending整合在一起上一節“閱讀課”。Period2將Learningaboutlanguage和Workbook中的USINGWORDSANDCOLLOCATIONS、USINGSTRUCTURES整合在一起上一節“語言知識課”。Period3將Usinglanguage設計為一節包括聽說讀寫單項技能或組合技能訓練的“綜合技能課（一）”。Period4將Workbook的READINGANDLISTENING和TALKING整合在一起上一節“聽說課”。Period5將Workbook的LISTENINGTASK、READINGANDWRITINGTASK和SPEAKINGTASK整合為一節“綜合技能課（二）”。第二部分教學資源說明Section1Background背景圍繞單元話題“Festivalaroundtheworld”，《金色教案》提供了幾則語言規范、短小精干的趣味性材料。這些材料既可以作為教師教學參考材料為教師所用，也可以直接或改寫、重組后作為課堂內外的拓展性閱讀材料呈現給學生。Section2Explanation解析重點針對“閱讀課型”中的課文難句，《金色教案》不僅提供了詳盡的，就句論句的解析和翻譯，而且還以解析的焦點話題為線索，進行了一定的歸納、辨析和總結，以幫助教師更好地實施“語言形式”的教學。Section3Vocabulary詞匯按照課本單元詞匯表順序，《金色教案》重點提供動詞、短語搭配的講解。所提供的例句，經典、地道、實用、易懂，完全可以直接用于教學。第三部分教學測評說明圍繞單元詞法、句法項目，《金色教案》提供了長短不一的“單元教學測評”，并備有參考答案供教師使用。有些測評題目直接源于歷年高考試卷，更具有說服力和實用性。Part1TeachingDesign第一部分教學設計Period1Asamplelessonplanforreading(PYGMALION)IntroductionInthisperiod,afterthewarmingup,studentswillfirstbeguidedtopre-readthetext.Thentheyshallreadforforms，copycollocationsandmakesentencesandtransferinformation.Theclassistoendbystudentshavingadictation.ObjectivesTohelpstudentsunderstandthetext’sformsandcontentsandlearnaboutEnglishdramasTohelpstudentscommunicateonthetopicinfocuswiththewords,collocationsandstructureslearnedinthisunitFocusWordshesitate，disguise，classify，betray，dismiss，condemn，pronounce，curtsy，compromise，sob，overlook，fade，fade，Collocationsindisguise，inamazement，generallyspeaking，intermsof，theotherday，takeaway，oncemore，inneedofPatterns1.Iain’tdonenothingwrongbyspeakingtothatgentleman.2.TheEnglishthatwillcondemnhertotheguttertotheendofherdays.3.…anexpertinphonetics,convincedthatthequalityofaperson’sEnglishdecideshisorherpositioninsociety.4.Ithoughtmaybeyouwasapolicemanindisguise.5.Buttheybetraythemselveserytimetheyopentheirmouths.AidsMultimediafacilities,tape-recorder,photos,diagramsProcedures1.WarmingupbyleaningaboutPygmalionPygmalionPygmalion(1938)—thenon-musicalfilmadaptationofGeorgeBernardShaw's1913stageplayPhoneticsProfessorHenryHigginsmakesabetwithColonelPickeringthathecanturnaCockneyflowergirl,ElizaDoolittleintoaladywithinthreemonths.Todoso,hemusttransformherthick-accentedvoice,bycoachinghertospeakproperEnglish,teachinghermanners,anddrillinghersoshewillbeeducated.“WewereabovethatinConventGarden…Isoldflowers.Ididn'tsellmyself.Nowyou'vemadealadyofme;I'mnotfittosellanythingelse.”“I'magoodgirl,Iam.”Atateaparty,inherfirstpublictesting,sheblurtsout,“Notbloodylikely.”However,shemakesaspectaculardebutatasocietyballprovinghimright.ThemoviedrasticallydivergesfromShaw'splayattheendbyindicatingthatHigginsfallsinlovewithEliza.Thisisreallynotalovestory.2.Pre-readingaboutMyFairLadyApricelessclassic,MyFairLadyhasbecomeoneofthemostpopularmusicalsofalltime.BasedonGeorgeBernardShaw's1913playPygmalion,thefilmswepttheAcademyAwards.《窈窕淑女》可謂無價經典之作，是有史以來最受歡迎的音樂劇之一。該片以蕭伯納1913年的劇作《皮格馬利翁》為藍本，奪得了多項奧斯卡獎。Ittellsataleofawaifwhowaseducatedintobeingalady.該片講述一個流浪者被教育成一位淑女的故事。EgotisticallinguistProfessorHenryHiggins(OscarwinningRexHarrison)betshisfriend,ColonelHughPickering,thathecantransformCockneyflowergirlElizaDoolittle(AudreyHepburn)intoaladyintimeforanimportantsocietyball.自負的語言學教授亨利·希金斯（奧斯卡獎獲得者雷克斯·哈里森飾）同他的好友休·皮克林上校打賭，他能及時將倫敦窮人區的賣花女伊萊扎·杜利特爾（奧黛麗·赫本飾）變為一位淑女，以便她能參加一個重要的社交舞會。HisgamblecouldpayoffbutthespiritedElizaismoreofahandfulthantheProfessorcouldhavepredicted.Assheslowlybecomesmorerefined,andlessreliantuponhim,Higginsrealizes,tohisconfusion,thathecan’tlivewithouther.他的打賭也許會贏——但是活潑的伊萊扎遠比教授想象的要難對付。隨著她慢慢地變得越來越優雅，越來越獨立于他，希金斯困惑地意識到自己已離不開她。Thefilmwasnominatedfor12Oscarsandwoneight,includingBestPictureandDirector.該部影片獲得12項奧斯卡獎提名，最終贏得8項，包括最佳影片和最佳導演獎。ProfessorHenryHiggins:Now,tryitagain.ElizaDoolittle:Therimeinspinestiesminelyintheplain.ProfessorHenryHiggins:TheraininSpainstaysmainlyintheplain.ElizaDoolittle:Didn'tIsaythat?ProfessorHenryHiggins:No,Eliza,youdidn't“say”that,youdidn'teven“say”that,noweverynightbeforeyougetintobed,whereyouusedtosayyourprayers,Iwantyoutosay“TheraininSpainstaysmainlyintheplain”fiftytimes.You'lllearntogetmuchfurtherwiththeLordifyoulearnnottooffendHisears.ElizaDoolittle:Isoldflowers;Ididn'tsellmyself.Nowyou'vemadealadyofme,I'mnotfittosellanythingelse.Mrs.Higgins:Howeverdidyoulearngoodmannerswithmysonaround?ElizaDoolittle:Itwasverydifficult.Ishouldneverhaveknownhowladiesandgentlemenreallybehaved,ifithadn'tbeenforColonelPickering.HealwaysshowedwhathethoughtandfeltaboutmeasifIweresomethingbetterthanacommonflowergirl.Yousee,Mrs.Higgins,apartfromthethingsonecanpickup,thedifferencebetweenaladyandaflowergirlisnothowshebehaves,buthowsheistreated.IshallalwaysbeacommonflowergirltoProfessorHiggins,becausehealwaystreatsmelikeacommonflowergirl,andalwayswill.ButIknowthatIshallalwaysbealadytoColonelPickering,becausehealwaystreatsmelikealady,andalwayswill.3.ReadingforformsItisunlikelythatyouwillunderstand100percentofthevocabularyinthetext,especiallyatafirstreading.Usefirstthecontextandthenyourownknowledgeofthesubjecttohelpyouguessthemeaningofunknownwords.Readthetextto:cut/thesentenceintothoughtgroups,blackenthepredicates,darkentheconnectivesandunderlinealltheusefulcollocations.4.CopyingandmakingsentencesWhylearncollocations?? Yourlanguagewillbemorenaturalandmoreeasilyunderstood.? Youwillhavealternativeandricherwaysofexpressingyourself.? Itiseasierforourbrainstorememberanduselanguageinchunksorblocksratherthanassinglewords.Youareaskedtoreadthetexttofindandcopyalltheusefulcollocations.Youmaymakeyourownsentenceswitheachofthesecollocations.CollocationsfromPYGMALIONapoorflowergirl賣花女,beambitioustoimproveoneself立志要改善自己,anexpertinphonetics語音學專家，thequalityofaperson’sEnglish一個人的英語水平,decideone’spositioninsociety決定某人的社會地位,anofficerinthearmy一個軍官,set…atask給……一個任務,outsideatheatre在劇場外,pourwithrain下傾盆大雨,hidefromtherain躲雨,makenotes做記錄,shelterfrom…躲避……,hesitateforamoment遲疑片刻,take…forthreepence花三便士買……,holdup…舉起……,soundfriendly聽起來友好,somesmallchange一些零錢,bedisappointedat…對……失望,getworried擔心,havearighttodo…有權利做……,take…for…把……看作……,apolicemanindisguise便衣警察,takedown…for…為……記下,handover…,遞……過去，becoveredwith…被…….覆蓋,push…backat…把……推回給……,inone’sownvoice用某人自己的聲音,comefromthewestendof…來自于……西邊,lookconfused困惑不解,beclassifiedfrom…對……分類,makeanincome有收入,theageofthenewlyrich致富的年代,beginone’sworkinglifeinapoorneighborhoodof…從……的窮人區開始工作,with80poundsayear年收入80英鎊,endinarichlifewith100thousand最終年收入10萬英鎊,betrayoneself無意中露出本性,condemnonetotheguttertotheendofone’sdays注定要在貧民窟里呆一輩子,speakproperly正確的講，find…employment為……找份工作,requirebetterEnglish要求更好的英語,makeone’sacquaintance結識某人,throwahandfulof…into…扔一把……到……里,haveacelebration慶祝一下,lookatthecollectedmoney看著收集起來的錢,inamazement驚奇地,awholepound整整一英鎊WhatwasEdoinginthestreet?Shewassellingflowers.WhatdidGgiveher?Hegavehersomesmallchange.WhatwasHdoingatthetime?HewastakingnotesofwhatEwassaying.WhatcanHdo?Hecanplaceanyspokenconversationwithinsixmiles,andevenwithintwostreetsinLondonsometimes.Wha