1、住在富人區的她2022年考研考博-考博英語-電子科技大學考試名師押題精選卷I（帶答案詳解）（圖片可根據實際調整大小）題型12345總分得分一.綜合題(共50題)1.單選題In this poor country, survival is still the leading industry; all else is（ ）.問題1選項A.luxuryB.accommodationC.entertainmentD.refreshment【答案】A【解析】句意:在這個貧窮的國家，生存仍然是主要的事情，所有其它都是奢侈。考查名詞辨析。luxury 奢侈，奢侈品，不常有的樂趣(或享受、優勢)；accom

2、modation 住處，膳宿，和解；entertainment 娛樂，款待，refreshment 點心，起提神作用的東西，精力恢復。根據前面句意“生存仍然是主要的事情”可知A符合句意。2.單選題Since the Second World War, the rivalry in military strength between the worlds great powers has produced a（ ）balanced peace.問題1選項A.peculiarlyB.radicallyC.precariouslyD.rapidly【答案】C【解析】句意:自二戰以來，世界大國間的軍備

3、競賽產生了一種不穩定的均勢和平。考查副詞辨析。peculiarly 尤其，古怪地；radically 根本上，徹底地；precariously危險地，不安全地，不穩定地；rapidly 迅速地，很快，立即。因此C符合句意。3.單選題For years now, the people of that faraway country have been cruelly（ ）by a dictator.問題1選項A.depressedB.immersedC.oppressedD.cursed【答案】C【解析】句意:多少年來，那個偏僻國度的人民一直遭受著一個獨裁者的壓迫。考查動詞辨析。四個選項分別為對

4、應動詞的過去分詞形式表被動,表示“被獨裁者”。depress使沮喪，壓抑，使蕭條;immerse （in） 沉浸，使專心于；oppress 壓迫;curse 詛咒。故C符合句意。4.單選題The tone of the article（ ）the writers mood at the time.問題1選項A.reproducedB.reflectedC.imaginedD.imitated【答案】B【解析】句意:這篇文章的語氣反映了這位作者當時的情緒。、考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞的過去式。reproduce 復制，再生，生殖；reflect 反映，反射；imagine 想像，猜想，臆

5、斷；imitate 模仿，仿造。空格處動詞的賓語為the writers mood (作者的情緒),因此B符合句意。5.單選題The job of a student accommodation officer（ ）a great many visits to landladies.問題1選項A.concernsB.offersC.asksD.involves【答案】D【解析】句意:學生宿管的工作包含多次拜訪女房東。考查動詞辨析。concern 涉及，關系到，使擔心；offer 提供，出價；ask 詢問，要求；involve 包含，牽涉，使陷于。前面句意“學生宿管的工作”跟后面句意“多次拜訪女

6、房東”是包含關系。故選D。6.單選題 ）the afternoon.問題1選項A.regainedB.recoveredC.restoredD.revived【答案】A【解析】句意:股票交易市場上的股票在早上大幅下跌，但在下午卻小幅上漲。考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞的過去式。regain 恢復,收回（不及物動詞）上漲；recover 恢復,彌補,重新獲得；restore 恢復,還原;revive 復興,蘇醒,恢復精祌。根據前面句意以及表轉折的but可知A符合句意。7.單選題The two countries have（ ）friendly relations for many years

7、.問題1選項A.retainedB.sustainedC.maintainedD.remained【答案】C【解析】句意:這兩個國家多年來保持著友好關系。考查動詞辨析。四個選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式。Retain持有,保留; sustain維持(生命、生存),使穩定持續,遭受; maintain維持,保持,維修; remain仍然是,保持不變,剩余,遺留,續存在。因此C符合句意。8.單選題The machine might work if we（ ）it very carefully.問題1選項A.obtainB.operateC.opposeD.object【答案】B【解析】句意:如果我

8、們非常小心地操作這臺機器,那么它可能會運轉。考查動詞辨析。obtain (尤指經努力)獲得,贏得,存在;operate 運轉,工作,操作,控制,使運行;oppose 反對,對抗;object 反對,拒絕。空格處動詞的賓語為it,即指代前面的machine(機器),因此B符合句意。9.單選題Fewer and fewer of todays workers expect to spend their working lives in the same field,（ ）the same company.問題1選項A.all elseB.much worseC.let aloneD.less li

9、kely【答案】C【解析】句意:如今越來越少的工人期望在工作生涯中都一直在同樣的領域工作，更不必說一直在同樣的公司工作。考查短語辨析。all else 其他所有;much worse 更糟糕的是;let alone 更不用說，聽任，不打擾；less likely 最不可能的是，較少可能。空格前后表示遞進,故選C。10.單選題Stars twinkle（ ）the turbulent state of the air through which their light passes.問題1選項A.in spite ofB.as a result ofC.in addition toD.with

10、regard to【答案】B【解析】句意:星星的閃爍是由星光穿過湍流狀態的空氣而形成的。考查短語辨析。in spite of 盡管，不管，不顧；as a result of 因此，由于；in addition to 除之外；with regard to 關于，至于。因此B符合句意。11.單選題The sense of smell controls our behavior in ways we may be aware of only on an intuitive subconscious level. Generally, it is often（1）and taken for grant

11、ed. But as one research observed, “Of all the senses, none surely is so（2）as that of smell, its effects（3）the psychology are both wide and deep, at once（4）and subtle.”In Europe, and in France（5）, the ancient and arcane semi-science of aroma therapy is widely accepted as almost a（6）discipline. Not so

12、 in the United States, where the use of essential oils（7）from herbs, fruits, flowers or other plant life has been（8）mainly to cosmetics, massage oils and skincare emollients.Thats changing, thanks to a number of serious scientific studies coupled with a new technology that is exploding in Japan and

13、is beginning to make significant inroads in the American market. Environmental fragrancing,（9）it is known, involves dispensing computer-controlled fragrances in the home or workplace at（10）times of the day for specific purposes to stimulate energy, to enhance creativity or to soothe frayed nerves.問題

14、1選項A.overwhelmedB.overlookedC.overemphasizedD.overworked問題2選項A.trivialB.mysteriousC.secretD.delicate問題3選項A.uponB.withC.intoD.about問題4選項A.influentialB.vitalC.enormousD.obvious問題5選項A.in particularB.without exceptionC.in essenceD.beyond doubt問題6選項A.chemicalB.psychologicalC.medicalD.physical問題7選項A.extra

15、ctedB.exploredC.extendedD.expanded問題8選項A.usedB.limitedC.madeD.charged問題9選項A.whatB.whichC.thatD.as問題10選項A.importantB.hardC.differentD.changeable【答案】第1題:B第2題:B第3題:A第4題:D第5題:A第6題:C第7題:A第8題:B第9題:D第10題:C【解析】1.動詞辨析。選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式,與is表被動。overwhelm淹沒，壓倒，受打擊；overlook 忽略，俯瞰，檢查；overemphasize過分強調；overwork工作過度。

16、空前句意為:我們可能只在直覺的潛意識層而所知曉,因此推測此處應表示 “被忽視”,故選B。2.形容詞辨析。Trivial 不重要的，瑣碎的，瑣細的；mysterious 祌秘的，不可思議的；難解的；secret 秘密的，機密的；delicate 微妙的，精美的，易碎的。此處句意為:在所有感官中,嗅覺是最神秘的。3.固定搭配。effect upon 在方面的影響。4.形容詞辨析。influential 有影響的，有勢力的；vital至關重要的，生死攸關的，有活力的;enormous 龐大的，巨大的；obvious 明顯的，顯著的。此處句意為:它對心理學的影響既廣泛又深刻，既又微妙。故D符合句意。5

17、.短語辨析。in particular 尤其，特別;without exception 無例外地;in essence本質上，其實；beyond doubt 無容置疑，確實地。空格前“Europe歐洲”與“France法國”為包含關系,所以這里表示“在歐洲,尤其是法國”,故選A。6.形容詞辨析。chemical 化學的；psychological 心理的，心理學的，精神上的;medical 醫學的，藥的，內科的；physical 物理的，身體的，物質的。此處句意為:香熏療法在法國幾乎被廣泛地認為是一種學科,因此C符合句意。7.動詞辨析。選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式。extract 提取，取出

18、，摘錄，榨取；explore 探索，探測，探險；extend 延仲，仲出；expand 擴張，使膨脹。此處句意為:精油是從草本、水果、花或其他植物中而來的。因此A符合句意。8.動詞辨析。選項均為對應動詞的過去分詞形式表被動。use使用，運用;limit 限制，限定;make 使得，制造，形成，安排，構成；charge使充電，指責，索費。空格前表示: 在美國卻不是如此（即香熏療法在美國不被認為是一種醫學學科）,因此這里句意應為: 精油的使用主要限制于化妝品等。故選B。9.固定搭配。as it is known 眾所周知。10.形容詞辨析。important 重要的，有地位的；hard 努力的，堅

19、硬的，困難的，辛苦的，嚴厲的，猛烈的；different 不同的，個別的，與眾不同的;changeable 無常的，可改變的，易變的。空格前為:在家里或工作場所施與電腦控制的芳香劑，空格后為:去激發能量、提升創造力或安撫緊張的祌經,由此可知空格處應為“在白天的不同吋間”,故選C。12.單選題（ ）the stress of examinations are over, we can all relax.問題1選項A.WhileB.Even thoughC.Now thatD.For【答案】C【解析】句意:既然考試的壓力結朿了，因此我們都能放松下了。考查短語辨析。while 雖然，然而，當的時候

20、;even though 雖然，即使；now that 既然，由于;for 為了，對于，適合于;因為（這個詞在表示原因時一般不放在句首）。分析句意可知前后句子為因果關系。故C符合句意。13.單選題The reason that his property was confiscated by the country, it（ ）, was that lie was involved in a lot of fraudulent activities during the war.問題1選項A.was turned outB.turned outC.being turned outD.was be

21、ing turned out【答案】B【解析】句意:后來證明他的財產被國家沒收的原因是，戰爭期間他參與了欺詐活動。語法題。分析句子可知應用一般過去時, 固定搭配turn out“結果（證明）是”用主動語態即可。14.單選題I recommend that the planning（ ）until all the materials have been supplied.問題1選項A.is not startedB.will not be startedC.not be startedD.is not to be started【答案】C【解析】句意:我建議應該在所有的材料己被提供后才啟動這個計

22、劃。語法題。考查虛擬語氣。句子謂語為recommend,表示要求建議,這類動詞所接的賓語從句一般用虛擬語氣: (should) +原形動詞，且should 般會省略,故選C。15.單選題Some criminals were printing（ ）dollar bills until they were arrested.問題1選項A.decentB.fakeC.patentD.suspicious【答案】B【解析】句意:有些罪犯直到被逮捕吋還正在印刷偽造的美鈔。考查形容詞辨析。decent像樣的，相當不錯的，正派的，得體的，相當好的；fake 假的，偽造的，冒充的；patent 專利的，顯然

23、的；suspicious 可疑的，懷疑的，多疑的。故B符合句意。16.單選題“Which coat did your husband buy?” “The black one, but I（ ）the green one.”問題1選項A.would rather have boughtB.would rather buyC.would have rather boughtD.rather had bought【答案】A【解析】句意:“你的丈夫買了哪一件外套？ ”“黑色的那件外套，但我寧愿買綠色的那件。”語法題。考查虛擬語氣。這里表示對過去已發生事情的假設,所以表示對過去的虛擬: would r

24、ather have+done。故選A。17.單選題Do you regret paying fifty dollars for the dog?” “No, I would gladly pay（ ）for him.”問題1選項A.as much twiceB.twice so muchC.much twiceD.twice as much【答案】D【解析】句意:你后悔為這條狗支付50美元不？ ”。“不，我樂意為了他支付雙倍”。語法題。考查倍數的表達。倍數的固定表達方式: 倍數+as+形容詞或副詞+（as+另一比較對象）,前文己交代另一比較對象的情況下，括號中的部分可省略來避免重復,因此D正

25、確。18.單選題For several days I saw little of Mr. Rochester. In the morning he seemed much occupied with business, and in the afternoon gentlemen from the neighborhood called and sometimes stayed to dine with him. When his foot was well enough, he rode out a great deal.During this time, all my knowledge

26、of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house, when he would sometimes pass me coldly, and sometimes bow and smile. His changes of manner did not offend me, because I saw that I had nothing to do with the cause of them.One evening, several days later, I was invited to talk to Mr. Rochest

27、er after dinner. He was sitting in his armchair, and looked not quite so severe, and much less gloomy. There was a smile on his lips, and his eyes were bright, probably with wine. As I was looking at him, he suddenly turned, and asked me, Do you think Im handsome. Miss Eyre?The answer somehow slippe

28、d from my tongue before I realized it: “No, sir.”Ah, you really are unusual! You are a quiet, serious little person, but you can be almost rude.Sir, Im sorry. I should have said that beauty doesnt matter, or something likes that.No, you shouldnt! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stab

29、 me in the back! You have honesty and feeling. There are not many girls like you. But perhaps I go too fast. Perhaps you have awful faults to counterbalance your few good points”I thought to myself that he might have too. He seemed to read my mind, and said quickly, “Yes, youre right. I have plenty

30、of faults. I went the wrong way when I was twenty-one, and have never found the right path again. I might have been very different. I might have been as good as you, and perhaps wiser. I am not a bad man, take my word for it, but I have done wrong. It wasnt my character, but circumstances which were

31、 to blame. Why do I tell you all this? Because youre the sort of person people tell their problems and secrets to, because youre sympathetic and give them hope.It seemed he had quite a lot to talk to me. He didnt seem to like to finish the talk quickly, as was the case for the first time.Dont be afr

32、aid of me, Miss Eyre. He continued. You dont relax or laugh very much, perhaps because of the effect Lowood school has had on you. But in time you will be more natural with me, and laugh, and speak freely. Youre like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, youll fly very high. Good night.1.A

33、t the beginning Miss Eyres impressions of Mr. Rochester were all except（ ）.2.In “.and all my knowledge of him was limited to occasional meetings about the house the word“about” means（ ）.3. Why did Mr. Rochester say “.and then you stab me in the back!” in the 7th paragraph?4. From what Mr. Rochester

34、told Miss Eyre, we can conclude that he wanted to（ ）.5. Al the end of the passage, Mr. Rochester sounded（ ）.問題1選項A.busyB.sociableC.friendlyD.changeable問題2選項A.aroundB.onC.outsideD.concerning.問題3選項A.Because Miss Eyre had intended to kill him with a knife.B.Because Miss Eyre had intended to be more cri

35、tical.C.Because Miss Eyre had regretted having talked to him.D.Because Miss Eyre had said something else to correct herself.問題4選項A.Tell her all his troublesB.tell her his life experience.C.change her opinion of himD.change his circumstances問題5選項A.rudeB.coldC.friendlyD.encouraging.【答案】第1題:C第2題:A第3題:B

36、第4題:B第5題:D【解析】1.細節事實題。A:忙碌的,B:好交際的, 由第一段中“In the morning he seemed much occupied with business, and in the afternoon gentlemen from the neighborhood called and sometimes stayed to dine with him (早上，他忙于生意，在下午有附近的紳士會拜訪他，并且有時會留下來與他用餐)”可知A和B屬埃雷女士對羅徹斯特的印象。C:友好的,D:易變的,由第二段“.he would sometimes pass me cold

37、ly, and sometimes bow and smile (他有時會冷淡地從我身邊走過，而有吋會鞠躬且微笑)”可知C不屬于埃雷女士對羅徹斯特的印象,D屬于。因此答案選C。2.詞義題。在句子“.and all my knowledge of him was limited to occasional meetings about the House”中, all my knowledge of him是主語, was limited to是謂語,句子結構已經完整。因此about the House是介詞短語。about有“在周圍”的意思,因此選A。3.判斷推理題。由題干定位至句子: No,

38、 you shouldnt! I see, you criticize my appearance, and then you stab me in the back!( 不，你不應該這樣（說），你批評我的外貌 , 你在背后捅我一刀)”,由此可知B項 “因為埃雷女士本打算變得更多批評”正確。4.判斷推理題。倒數第三段說到: Why do I tell you all this? Because youre the sort of person people tell their problems and secrets to, because youre sympathetic and giv

39、e them hope (為何我要告訴你所有這些？因為你是人們問題和秘密的傾訴對象，因為你富有同情心且讓人充滿希望),由此可知B項 “告訴她他的生活經歷”正確。5.判斷推理題。最后一段指出: But in time you will be more natural with me, and laugh, and speak freely. Youre like a bird in a cage. When you get out of the cage, youll fly very high. Good night (但是經過一段吋間后，你將會和我更自然地相處的，自由地說笑。就如在籠子里的鳥

40、。當你走出籠子后，你將飛得很高。晚安),由此看出D項“鼓勵的”正確。19.單選題The government（ ）the diplomatic note from Japan for its unclear attitude to the trade between two countries.問題1選項A.deniedB.refusedC.rejectedD.objected【答案】C【解析】句意:因日本在兩國間的貿易問題上態度不明確，該政府拒絕了日本的外交照會。考查動詞辨析。deny 否認，否定；refuse 拒絕別人的請求、幫助、邀請等，是普通用語；reject 拒絕接受，不予考慮；ob

41、ject 反對，不贊成，與介詞to搭配。故選C。20.單選題There is supposed to be a safety（ ）which makes it impossible for trains to collide, thus it can avoid heavy losses.問題1選項A.applianceB.accessoryC.machineD.mechanism【答案】D【解析】句意:應該要有一個可以避免火車相撞的機制，從而避免重大損失。考查名詞辨析。appliance 器具，器械，裝置，家用電器；accessory 配件，附件，法從犯，（衣服的）配飾；machine 機械

42、；mechanism 機制，機械 裝置。因此D符合句意。21.單選題A rapid means of long-distance transportation became a necessity for the United State as settlement spread ever farther westward. The early trains were impractical curiosities, and for a long time the railroad companies met with troublesome mechanical problems. The

43、most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, affective stopping system. Once these were solved, the railroad was established as the best means of land transportation. By 1860 there were thousands of miles of railroads crossing the eastern mou

44、ntain ranges and reaching westward to the Mississippi. There were also regional southern and western lines.The high point in railroad building came with the construction of the first transcontinental system. In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska west

45、ward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific. The Government helped the railroads generously with money and land. Actual work on this project began four years later. The Central Pacific Company, sta

46、rting from California, used Chinese labor, while the Union Pacific employed crews of Irish laborers. The two groups worked at remarkable speed, each trying to cover a greater distance than the other. In 1869 they met at aplace called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah. Many visitors came th

47、ere for the great occasion. There were joyous celebrations all over the country, with parades and the ringing of church bells to honor the great achievement.The railroad was very important in encouraging westward movement. It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by d

48、istributing products rapidly to distant markets. In linking towns and people to one another, it helped unify the United States.1. The major problems with Americas railroad system in the middle I9lh century lay in（ ）.2. The building of the first transcontinental system（ ）.3. The best title for this p

49、assage would be（ ）.4. The construction of the transcontinental railroad took（ ）.5. What most likely made people think about a transcontinental railroad?問題1選項A.poor quality rails and unreliable stopping systemsB.lack of financial support for developmentC.limited railroad linesD.lack of a transcontine

50、ntal railroad問題2選項A.brought about a rapid growth of industry and farming in the westB.attracted many visitors to the construction sitesC.attracted laborers from EuropeD.encouraged people to travel all over the country問題3選項A.Settlements Spread WestwardB.The Coast-to-Coast Railroad: A Vital LinkC.Amer

51、ican Railroad HistoryD.The Importance of Trains in the American Economy問題4選項A.9 yearsB.7 yearsC.4 yearsD.3 years問題5選項A.The possibility of government support for such a task.B.The need to explore Utah.C.The need to connect the east coast with the west.D.The need to develop the railroad industry in th

52、e west.【答案】第1題:A第2題:A第3題:B第4題:D第5題:C【解析】1.細節事實題。第一段指出: The most serious ones were the construction of rails able to bear the load, and the development of a safe, affective stopping system (最嚴重的問題是建設能承重的鐵軌和開發安全、有效的（火車）制動系統),由此可知A項“質量差的鐵軌和不可靠的制動系統”正確。2.細節事實題。最后一段指出: The railroad was very important in

53、encouraging westward movement. It also helped build up industry and farming by moving raw materials and by distributing products rapidly to distant markets (在鼓勵西進運動方 面,鐵路（即美國的第一個橫貫大陸的鐵路）非常重要。它通過運輸原材料和快 速地把產品分配到更遠的市場也幫助加強了工業和農業（的發展）),由此可知A項 “帶來了西部工業和農業的快速發展”正確。3.主旨大意題。第一段提出:火車成為了美國陸地交通的最好方式,第二段講述美國第一

54、條橫貫大陸鐵路系統的修建。因此B項 “橫貫大陸的鐵路:重要的連接”適合作文章標題。4.判斷推理題。第二段指出: In 1862 Congress authorized two western railroad companies to build lines from Nebraska westward and from California eastward to a meeting point, so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific (1862

55、年,國會授權兩家西部鐵路公司建設從內布拉斯加州往西和從加利福尼亞州往東到一個匯聚點的鐵路線,以便完成一條連接大西洋 沿岸和太平洋地區的橫貫大陸的鐵路線),以及: Actual work on this project began four years later (這個工程的實際工作在4年后開始),以及: In 1869 they met at a place called Promontory in what is now the state of Utah, many visitors came there for the great occasion (1869年,他們在如今猶他州一個名

56、為普羅蒙特里的地方相遇,很多游客為了這偉大的吋刻而去那里),由此可知橫貫大陸的鐵路線建設時間為18661869年,供3年,故選D。5.判斷推理題。第二段指出: so as to complete a transcontinental crossing linking the Atlantic seaboard with the Pacific (以便完成一條連接大西洋沿岸（即文中指代的美國東海岸）和太平洋地區（即文中指代的美國西部）的橫貫大陸的鐵路線),故選C“需要連接東海岸和西部”。22.單選題Mrs. Deborah could not help exclaiming against th

57、e（ ）of her master, and especially against his suffering her to conceal the father of the child.問題1選項A.biasB.clemencyC.mildnessD.justice【答案】B【解析】句意: Deborah夫人忍不住指責丈夫的寬容，特別是允許她對孩子父親隱瞞的做法。考查名詞辨析。bias 偏見，偏愛；clemency 仁慈，溫和，寬容，寬厚； mildness 溫和,溫暖;justice 司法，法律制裁，正義，法官。根據后半句句意可知B符合句意。23.單選題As the climate in

58、 the Middle East changed beginning around 7000 B. C” conditions emerged that led to a more complex and advanced form of civilization in both Egypt and of the Tigris and Euphrates rivers in Mesopotamia became drier, producing river-side lands that were both habitable and fertile, and attracting settl

59、ers armed with the newly developed technique of agriculture. This migration was further encouraged by the gradual transformation of the once-hospitable grasslands of these regions into deserts. Human population became increasingly concentrated into pockets of settlement scattered along the banks of

60、the great rivers.The rivers profoundly shaped the way of life along their banks. In Mesopotamia, the management of water in conditions of unpredictable drought, flood, and storm became the central economic and social challenge. Villagers began early to build simple earthworks, dikes, canals, and dit