1、If you come across new words,expressions and sentences when reading, What will you do ?If you come across new words,e猜測(cè)詞義 Guessing meanings猜測(cè)詞義 Guessing meanings 詞義猜測(cè)題常用的提問方式有： 1. The word “” refers to / probably means / could best be replaced by _. 2.The word “” is most likely to mean _. 3. What do

2、 you think the expression “” stands for? 4. The underlined word “” means _. . 詞義猜測(cè)題常用的提問方式有：1. Definition 定義法3. Similarity 相似法2. Contrast 對(duì)比法4. Cause and effect 因果法5. Example 例舉法8. Common Sense 普通常識(shí) 6. Word Formation 構(gòu)詞法猜測(cè)詞義7. Context 上下文 1. Definition 定義法3. Similarity It will be very hard but very

3、brittle that is , it will break easily.1. Definition 定義法： 一般通過(guò)定義、定語(yǔ)（從句）或同位語(yǔ)（從句）來(lái)確定詞義。 (adj. 易碎的, 脆的) The herdsman , who looks after sheep, earns about 650 yuan a year. (n. 牧羊人) It will be very hard bu 信號(hào)詞：be, be called, means, be defined as ,that is, that is to say,in other words,- (破折號(hào))等.A mosquito

4、 is a small flying pest that thrust the skin and then drink blood. Desert can be defined as a large area of land where there is not enough rain and vegetation to support human life.蚊子沙漠 信號(hào)詞：be, be called, means,Ex. 1 A person who is skilled at making or repairing wooden objects is called a carpenter

5、. His uncle is a zoologist, an expert who does research on animals. They are vertebrates,that is ,animals have backbones. The period of adolescence,i.e.the period between childhood and adulthood ,may be long or short.木匠動(dòng)物學(xué)家脊椎動(dòng)物青春期Ex. 1木匠動(dòng)物學(xué)家脊椎動(dòng)物青春期2. Contrast 對(duì)比法： 利用文中的反義詞以及表對(duì)比關(guān)系的詞（組）猜測(cè)詞義。表示對(duì)比的信號(hào)詞有y

6、et, but,while ,though however, otherwise, on the one handon the other hand, for one thingfor another thing, instead of 等。 Most of us agreed, however, Bill dissented. (v. 不同意)2. Contrast 對(duì)比法： Most of us Though Toms face has been washed quite clean, his neck still remains grubby. John usually wastes a

7、 lot of money on such useless things, his wife, however, is very thrifty.污穢的節(jié)約的 Though Toms face has been wa3. Similarity 相似法：利用同義詞、近義詞（詞組）或相似的結(jié)構(gòu)猜測(cè)詞義。Cleaning up waterways is an enormous task .The job is so large, in fact, that the government may not be able to save some of the rivers and lakes whic

8、h have been polluted.(adj. 巨大的;極大的)3. Similarity 相似法：利用同義詞、近義詞（詞組當(dāng)被猜的詞前后有信號(hào)詞: or, like , asas, the same as等就可以通過(guò)同義詞、近義詞來(lái)確定詞義了。 Mother was tall, fat and middle-aged. My aunt was an old woman, almost as plump as mother, and much shorter.圓胖的,當(dāng)被猜的詞前后有信號(hào)詞: or, like , asas,4. Cause Effect 因果法：從原因推測(cè)結(jié)果，從結(jié)果推

9、測(cè)原因。 One who is destitute has a great need for food and clothing. That museum is so immense that it will be impossible to see all the exhibits in one day. (adj. 貧窮的,窮困的) (adj. 大的)4. Cause Effect 因果法：從原因推因果關(guān)系 信號(hào)詞: because, since, as, for, due to, so, therefore, sothat, suchthat, thus Rubber can be ma

10、de to stretch more than nine times its normal length because it is very elastic. The river is so turbid that it is impossible to see the bottom even when it is shallow.彈性的混濁的因果關(guān)系彈性的混濁的5. Example 例舉法：利用文中的舉例猜測(cè)詞義。常見的舉例的信號(hào)詞有for instance, for example, such as: such, like, especially, include, consist of

11、 等 Today young couples often spend lots of their money on appliances, for instance, washing machines, refrigerators and color televisions.(n. 電器用具)5. Example 例舉法：利用文中的舉例猜測(cè)詞義。常見的 Cars must have certain safety devices such as seat belt, headlights, and good brakes. On the farm they mainly raise poultr

12、y, such as chickens, ducks and geese, for their eggs and meat.家禽裝置 家禽裝置6. Word Formation 構(gòu)詞法： 英語(yǔ)單詞大多是由詞根、詞頭（前綴）和詞尾（后綴）所組成。詞根是單詞最基本的部分，表達(dá)單詞的基本含義。在詞根前或后加上前綴或后綴，可以用來(lái)引申或轉(zhuǎn)變?cè)~的意義。只要我們掌握了各種詞根、詞頭和詞尾的基本含義，那么就可以很容易猜測(cè)出由其構(gòu)成的新詞的含義了。6. Word Formation 構(gòu)詞法：中學(xué)英語(yǔ)中常見的前綴和后綴有：super- (超) mini- (極小的, 微小的)micro-（極微小的） re-

13、（再，反復(fù)） mis-（誤，惡） im-（不） un-（不，非） in-（不，非）non-（不，非） -able（能的 ） -less（不，無(wú)） -wards (向)中學(xué)英語(yǔ)中常見的前綴和后綴有：superman microwave(超人)nonnatural mispronouce(非自然的) homeless nonsmoker(無(wú)家可歸的) rebuild eastwards(重建) Can you guess the right meanings?(微波)(非煙民)(發(fā)錯(cuò)音)(向東)superman microwaToday the sport is popular in Latin

14、America, Asia and, unfortunately, in some parts of the United States-even though it is unlawful in almost every state.What does the word “unlawful” possibly mean? A. allowed by the lawC. against the lawB. in accordance with the lawD. having nothing to do with the lawPrefix (前綴）usualunusualhappy-unha

15、ppyToday the sport is popular in Eg. Im going to buy a microbus. micro+bus 微型公共汽車 This possibility was unforeseeable，because it almost never happened.un+foresee+able 不可預(yù)見的 Eg. Im going to buy a microb7. Context 上下文：利用語(yǔ)境及前后的提示來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。 The familys old farm house has become a chicken house, its residents

16、 arriving next month.A. chickens B. tomatoes C. gardens D. people7. Context 上下文：利用語(yǔ)境及前后的提示來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義2） Jane is usually prompt for all her classes，but she arrived in the middle of her first class. Alate Bon time Cpleasedadj.敏捷的, 迅速的, 即時(shí)的adv.準(zhǔn)時(shí)地2） Jane is usually promp8. Common sense 普通常識(shí)：根據(jù)普通常識(shí)和生活經(jīng)驗(yàn)來(lái)猜測(cè)詞義。

17、 在閱讀的過(guò)程中，如遇到生詞，有時(shí)可以根據(jù)自身的直接或間接的經(jīng)驗(yàn)，或運(yùn)用自己已有的常識(shí)將其推測(cè)出來(lái)。比如了解一些英美國(guó)家的天文地理、風(fēng)俗習(xí)慣、宗教信仰、政治結(jié)構(gòu)、社會(huì)制度等，可以幫助加深對(duì)文章的理解，遇到生詞時(shí)，猜測(cè)詞義的能力自然就會(huì)增強(qiáng)。 8. Common sense 普通常識(shí)：根據(jù)普通常識(shí)和生活 When a doctor performs an operation on a patient, he usually gives an anesthetic to make him unconscious, because he does not want his patient to fe

18、el pain or to know what is happening to him. When you throw a stone into still water of a lake, you will watch a ripple spread in rings on the surface of water. Metal expands when heated and contracts when cooled. 麻藥波紋膨脹冷縮 When a doctor performs an op Inquiry-based Activities (I)sentences 探究活動(dòng) (1) I

19、nquiry-based Activities (I) Can you guess the correct meanings of the following words?- 1. There are some glaciers moving down the mountain valleys. A glacier is a river of ice. A. 雪山 B. 樹枝 C. 冰河 D. 冰 2. He is a resolute man. Once he made up his mind to do something, he wont give it up halfway. A. w

20、eak B. firm C. kind D. clever 3. Mr. Brown is now working at Princeton University far away from home. For this reason he has to rent a room near the office where he works. A. 租用 B. 借出 C. 購(gòu)買 D. 參觀 CAB Can you guess the correct 4. The official asked the man what his occupation was. The man told him th

21、at he worked as an engineer. A. work B. study C. name D. interest 5. The old woman has a strange habit to keep over 100 cats in her house. Her neighbors all call her an eccentric lady. A. 愛貓的 B. 古怪的 C. 閑不住 D. 動(dòng)物保護(hù)主義者 6. In many countries there are two financial extremes, from penury to great wealth.

22、 A. 便士 B. 溫飽 C. 非常貧困 D. 虛弱 ABC 4. The official asked the ma Inquiry-based Activities (II)passages 探究活動(dòng) (2) Inquiry-based Activities (II)Passage 1 Although he often had the chance, Mr. Brown was never able to steal money from a customer. This would endanger his position at the bank, and he did not wa

23、nt to jeopardize his future. The word “jeopardize” means _ in this text.A. protect B. endanger C. continue D. stopBPassage 1BPassage 2 The ruler had been so cruel and dishonest that after the revolution he was banished. A few members of the Senate(參議院) opposed this decision, but the majority voted t

24、hat the ruler should leave the country forever. The underlined word “banished” mean_. A. killed by stoning B. sent away C. imprisoned D. punished by whipping BPassage 2B Passage 3My first job was to drive the oxen that ploughed the cane fields. I would walk behind an ox, guiding him with a broomstic

25、k. For $ 1 a day, I worked eight hours straight, with no food breaks. It was very tedious work, but it prepared me for life and taught me many lasting lessons. What does the underlined word “tedious” probably mean?A. interesting B. tiresome C. relaxing D. challengingB Passage 3B Passage 4 After a four-year relati