1、 一、 基 礎 寫 作 第一講簡單的寫作訓練寫法指導針對訓練專題講座寫作 句子最重要的部分是主語和謂語，主語是句子的中心，謂語是主語的動作或者主語所處的狀態。簡單句的骨架就是一個主謂結構，共有五種句型，這五種句型是寫作學習的核心內容，因為所謂的復雜的句子，即并列句、主從復合句，全部是簡單句組合或相套而來。五種簡單句句型如下：主語 謂語(不及物動詞)主語 謂語(及物動詞) 賓語主語 系動詞 表語主語 謂語(及物動詞) 間接賓語 直接賓語主語 謂語(及物動詞) 賓語 賓語補足語錯誤表達：Over the past twenty years, China has happened dramatic

2、changes.(happen是不及物動詞，后面不跟賓語；無動作的承受者。)正確表達：Over the past twenty years, dramatic changes have happened (taken place) in China.2“主語 謂語(及物動詞) 賓語”的寫法此句型中的謂語動詞要用及物動詞或相當于及物動詞的短語，后面必須要跟一個該動作的承受者。We all possess the same chance.我們都擁有相同的機會。Some of the students are always longing for holidays.有些學生總是渴望著放假。點津該句式

3、的謂語動詞要用及物動詞。如果是不及物動詞，后面一定要跟介詞構成及物詞組。He is listening to music.他正在聽音樂。3“主語 系動詞 表語”的寫法這就是常說的主系表結構。此句式側重說明主語是什么或怎么樣，謂語動詞需用系動詞，表語多為形容詞，也可以是名詞、介詞短語、不定式及分詞等。In spring, the trees turn green.春天，樹變綠了。He became king when he was a child.當他是個孩子的時候，他就成為了國王。點津系動詞常分為以下幾類：(1)判斷類：be, prove (2)持續類：keep, remain, stay,

4、lie, stand (3)表像類：seem, appear, look (4)感官類：feel, look, smell, sound, taste (5)變化類：become, grow, turn, fall, get, go 4“主語 謂語(及物動詞) 間接賓語 直接賓語”的寫法 這一句型中的動詞比較特殊，可以跟兩個賓語，即直接賓語和間接賓語。Hegave me some beautiful photos.主語謂語間接賓語直接賓語 (2)buy, do, get, fetch, save, make, sing, choose等。這一類動詞后的間接賓語可以用介詞for引導的短語來表示。

5、Her father bought her a bike. Her father bought a bike for her.她的父親給她買了一輛自行車。(3)ask, answer, take, cost等。這一類動詞無法改變結構形式。May I ask you a question?我可以問你一個問題嗎？We elected him monitor of our class.我們選他當我們的班長。Finally, I wish this years English speech competition a great success.最后，我祝愿今年的英語演講比賽取得圓滿成功。點津可以作賓

6、語補足語成分的有：名詞、形容詞、副詞、介詞短語、不定式、現在分詞、過去分詞等。.單句改錯 1I afraid he wont come tomorrow._答案：I后加am2The apple is tasted good._答案：去掉is3The global financial crisis was broken out in 2008._答案：was broken改為broke4His hair changed grey._答案：changed改為turned6He always kept silently at the meeting._答案：silently改為silent7Dont

7、 make your mother be worried._答案：去掉be.連詞成句 1stronger, smell, became, the, and, stronger _答案：The smell became stronger and stronger.2Internet, both, the, advantages, disadvantages, and, has _答案：The Internet has both advantages and disadvantages.3book, found, the, interesting, very, I_答案：I found the b

8、ook very interesting.4the, gate, our, will, school, at, friends, meet _答案：Our friends will meet at the school gate.5he, the, needed, skill, the, machine, to, control _答案：He needed the skill to control the machine.6we, return, the, will, library, those, books _答案：We will return the library those books.翻譯句子 1事實證明他的話是正確的。(prove)_答案：What he said proved true.2今天我演講的題目是“對成為一個成人的感想”。(be)_答案：The topic of my speech today is “Thoughts on becoming a grownup”3時光飛逝如箭。(fly)_答案：Time flies like an arrow.4我們必須通過法律來阻止水污染。(stop)_答案：We must stop water pollution by law.5我想知道你能不能告訴我怎樣與他取得聯系。(