1、2021屆高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解分類練習專題12閱讀理解之組合練含解析2021屆高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解分類練習專題12閱讀理解之組合練含解析2021屆高考英語一輪復習閱讀理解分類練習專題12閱讀理解之組合練含解析專題12閱讀理解之組合練A(2020全國卷IC）Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running， research shows， while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem。Race wa

2、lkers are conditioned athletes。 The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50kilometer race walk， which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact

3、 (接觸） with the ground at all times。 Its this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity， however， says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem， Mass。Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says， According to

4、most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories（卡路里) per hour， which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running， which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour。However, race walking does

5、 not pound the body as much as running does， Dr. Norberg says。 According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step， while race walkers， who do not leave the ground, create only about 1。4 times their body weight with each step。As a result， she says,

6、 some of the injuries associated with running, such as runners knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sports strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact， anyone wishing

7、to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says。 It takes some practice.1。 Why are race walkers conditioned athletes？A。 They must run long distances.B. They are qualified for the marathon.C。 They have to follow special rules。D. They

8、are good at swinging their legs.2。 What advantage does race walking have over running？A. Its more popular at the Olympics.B。 Its less challenging physically.C。 Its more effective in body building。D。 Its less likely to cause knee injuries。3。 What is Dr。 Norbergs suggestion for someone trying race wal

9、king？A. Getting experts opinions。B。 Having a medical checkup。C。 Hiring an experienced coach.D. Doing regular exercises.4. Which word best describes the authors attitude to race walking?A. Skeptical。B。 Objective。C。 Tolerant.D。 Conservative。B(2020全國卷I D）The connection between people and plants has lon

10、g been the subject of scientific research。 Recent studies have found positive effects. A study conducted in Youngstown,Ohio,for example, discovered that greener areas of the city experienced less crime。 In another，employees were shown to be 15% more productive when their workplaces were decorated wi

11、th houseplants。The engineers at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT）have taken it a step further changing the actual composition of plants in order to get them to perform diverse,even unusual functions. These include plants that have sensors printed onto their leaves to show when theyre sh

12、ort of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater。 Were thinking about how we can engineer plants to replace functions of the things that we use every day,explained Michael Strano， a professor of chemical engineering at MIT。One of his latest projects has been to make plants g

13、row(發光）in experiments using some common vegetables。 Stranos team found that they could create a faint light for threeand-ahalf hours。 The light，about one-thousandth of the amount needed to read by，is just a start. The technology, Strano said, could one day be used to light the rooms or even to turn

14、tree into self-powered street lamps。in the future,the team hopes to develop a version of the technology that can be sprayed onto plant leaves in a oneoff treatment that would last the plants lifetime. The engineers are also trying to develop an on and offswitchwhere the glow would fade when exposed

15、to daylight.Lighting accounts for about 7% of the total electricity consumed in the US. Since lighting is often far removed from the power source(電源）-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on a remote highway-a lot of energy is lost during transmission（傳輸）.Glowing plants could reduc

16、e this distance and therefore help save energy。5. What is the first paragraph mainly about?A. A new study of different plants.B。 A big fall in crime rates。C. Employees from various workplaces.D. Benefits from green plants。6。 What is the function of the sensors printed on plant leaves by MIT engineer

17、?A。 To detect plants lack of waterB. To change compositions of plantsC。 To make the life of plants longer。D。 To test chemicals in plants。7。 What can we expect of the glowing plants in the future?A. They will speed up energy production.B。 They may transmit electricity to the home.C。 They might help r

18、educe energy consumption。D. They could take the place of power plants.8。 Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A。 Can we grow more glowing plants？B. How do we live with glowing plants?C。 Could glowing plants replace lamps?D. How are glowing plants made pollutionfree?C（2020全國卷IIC)

19、When you were trying to figure out what to buy for the environmentalist on your holiday list, fur probably didnt cross your mind。 But some ecologists and fashion (時裝)enthusiasts are trying to bring back the market for fur made from nutria（海貍鼠)。Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have(s

20、howcased)nutria fur made into clothes in different styles。 “It sounds crazy to talk about guilt-free fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year”， says Cree McCree， project director of Righteous Fur.Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to

21、pay hunters 5 a tail. Some of the fur ends up in the fashion shows like the one in Brooklyn last month。Nutria were brought there from Argentina by fur farmers and let go into the wild。 “The ecosystem down there cant handle this nonnative species（物種).Its destroying the environment。 Its them or us。” s

22、ays Michael Massimi， an expert in this field。The fur trade kept nutria check for decades，but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s，the catsized animals multiplied like crazy。Biologist Edmond Mouton runs the nutria control program for Louisiana。 He says its not easy to convince peopl

23、e that nutria fur is green， but he has no doubt about it。 Hunters bring in more than 300，000 nutria tails a year, so part of Moutons job these days is trying to promote fur.Then theres Righteous Fur and its unusual fashion。 Morgan says,”To give people a guiltfree option that they can wear without so

24、meone throwing paint on them-1 think thats going to be a massive thing， at least here in New York. Designer Jennifer Anderson admits it took her a while to come around to the opinion that using nutria fur for her creations is morally acceptable. She trying to come up with a lable to attach to nutria

25、 fashions to show it is eco-friendly.9。 What is the purpose of the fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn？A。 To promote guilt-free fur。B. To expand the fashion market。C. To introduce a new brand。D. To celebrate a winter holiday。10。 Why are scientists concerned about nutria？A。 Nutria damage the ec

26、osystem seriously。B. Nutria are an endangered species。C. Nutria hurt local catsized animals。D. Nutria are illegally hunted.11. What does the underlined word “collapsed in paragraph 5 probably mean？A。 Boomed。B。 Became mature。C。 Remained stable.D。 Crashed。12. What can we infer abouf wearing fur in New

27、 York according to Morgan？A. Its formal。B。 Its risky。C。 Its harmful.D。 Its traditional.D（2020全國卷IID)I have a special place in my heart for libraries. I have for as long as I can remember. I was always an enthusiastic reader， sometimes reading up to three books a day as a child. Stories were like air

28、 to me and while other kids played ball or went to parties， I lived out adventures through the books I checked out from the library.My first job was working at the Ukiah Library when I was 16 years old .It was a dream job and I did everything from shelving books to reading to the children for story

29、time。As I grew older and became a mother, the library took on a new place and an added meaning in my life. I had several children and books were our main source(來源) of entertainment。 It was a big deal for us to load up and go to the local library， where my kids could pick out books to read or books

30、they wanted me to read to them.I always read ，using different voices ,as though I were acting out the stories with my voice and they loved it !It was a special time to bond with my children and it filled them with the wonderment of books 。Now， I see my children taking their children to the library a

31、nd I love that the excitement of going to the library lives on form generation to generation。As a novelist, Ive found a new relationship with libraries. I encourage readers to go to their local library when they cant afford to purchase a book。 I see libraries as a safe haven(避風港） for readers and wri

32、ters, a bridge that helps put together a reader with a book. Libraries, in their own way, help fight book piracy(盜版行為） and 1 think all writers should support libraries in a significant way when they can. Encourage readers to use the library. Share library announcements on your social media。 Frequent

33、 them and talk about them when you can。13. Which word best describes the authors relationship with books as a child?A。 Cooperative。B. Uneasy。C。 Inseparable.D. Casual.14. What does the underlined phrase “an added meaning in paragraph 3 refer to?A. Pleasure from working in the library。B. Joy of readin

34、g passed on in the family。C。 Wonderment from acting out the stories。D。 A closer bond developed with the readers.15。 What does the author call on other writers to do？A。 Sponsor book fairs.B。 Write for social media.C。 Support libraries.D. Purchase her novels.16. Which can be a suitable title for the t

35、ext？A。 Reading: A Source of KnowledgeB。 My Idea about writingC. Library: A Haven for the YoungD. My Love of the LibraryE(2020北京卷)Much of the work in todays world is accomplished(完成）in teams. Most people believe the best way to build a great team is to gather a group of the most talented individuals.

36、_17_Companies spend millions hiring top business people。 Is their money well spent?_18_They focused on football，basketball and baseball. The results are mixed .For football and basketball,adding talented players to a team proves a good method，but only up to the point where 70 of the players are top

37、talent；above that level， the teams performance begins to decline. Interestingly，this trend isnt evident in baseball,where additional individual talent keeps improving the teams performance。To explain this phenomenon,the researchers explored the degree to which a good performance by a team requires i

38、ts members to coordinate（協調）their actions。_19_In baseball，the performance of individual players is less dependent on teammates。 They conclude that when task interdependence is high，team performance will suffer when there is too much talent，while individual talent will have positive effects on team p

39、erformance when task interdependence is lower。 If a basketball star is,for example,trying to gain a high personal point total，he may take a shot himself when it would be better to pass the ball to a teammate，affecting the teams performance. Young children learning to play team sports are often told，

40、“There is no I in TEAM.”_20_Another possibility is that when there is a lot of talent on a team，some players may make less effort。 Just as in a game of tug-of-war（拔河比賽)，whenever a person is added，everyone else pulls the rope with less force。_21_.An Ateam may require a balancenot just A players,but a

41、 few generous B players as well.A. Its not a simple matter to determine the nature of talent.B。 Sports team owners spend millions of dollars attracting top talentC. The group interaction and its effect drew the researchers attention。D. Stars apparently do not follow this basic principle of sportsman

42、ship。E。 Several recent studies examined the role of talent in the sports world。F. Building up a dream team is more complex than simply hiring the best talent。G。 This task interdependence distinguishes baseball from football and basketball.A【答案】1. C 2. D 3。 A 4。 B【解析】這是一篇說明文。短文介紹了競走相比跑步有諸多的優勢，但是之前受過傷

43、的人，要想從事這樣運動要謹慎,最好咨詢專家的建議。【1題詳解】細節理解題.根據第二段“But the sports rules require that a race walkers knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact with the ground at all times.”可知，但這項運動的規則要求競走者的膝蓋在擺動腿的大部分時間保持伸直,一只腳始終與地面接觸。由此可知，競走運動員是需要具備某些條件的運動員是因為運動員需要遵守特殊的規則。故選C項。【2題詳解】細節

44、理解題。根據最后一段“As a result， she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runners knee， are uncommon among race walkers。可知，一些與跑步有關的損傷，比如跑步者的膝蓋,在競走者中并不常見。由此可知，競走與跑步相比的優勢是不太可能導致膝蓋受傷。故選D項。3題詳解】細節理解題.根據最后一段Dr. Norberg說的話“In fact， anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first con

45、sult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique（事實上，任何想嘗試競走的人都應該首先咨詢教練或有經驗的競走運動員，學習適當的技巧。)可知，Dr. Norberg建議想嘗試競走的人征詢專家的建議。故選A項。【4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第一段“Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running， research shows， while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does， however， have

46、 its own problem。”可知,研究表明，競走和跑步一樣有很多健身益處，而且它還很少導致受傷。不過,它也有自己的問題.由此判斷出作者對于競走的態度是客觀的。故選B項。B【答案】5。 D 6. A 7. C 8. C【解析】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了綠色植物對人們很有好處，因此麻省理工學院的工程師開發了一種發光植物。文章介紹了他們發明這種植物的過程，以及這種植物的一些優勢，指出在未來發光植物有可能取代路燈，達到節約能源的作用。【5題詳解】主旨大意題.根據第一段中A study conducted in Youngstown， Ohio， for example ，discovere

47、d that greener areas of the city experienced less crime。 In another， employees were shown to be 15 more productive when their workplaces were decorated with houseplants.可知例如,在俄亥俄州揚斯敦進行的一項研究發現，城市綠化較好的地區犯罪率較低。在另一項研究中，當員工的工作場所被室內植物裝飾時,他們的工作效率會提高15。由此可知，第一段的主旨是關于綠色植物的益處。故選D.【6題詳解】細節理解題.根據第二段中These inclu

48、de plants that have sensors printed on their leaves to show when theyre short of water and a plant that can detect harmful chemicals in groundwater。可知這就包括葉子上印有傳感器來顯示植物缺水的情況的植物，還有一種植物可以檢測到地下水中的有害化學物質。由此可知，麻省理工學院工程師植物葉片上印上傳感器的作用是檢測植物缺水的情況。故選A。【7題詳解】細節理解題。根據最后一段中Glowing plants could reduce this distanc

49、e and therefore help save energy.可知發光的植物可以縮短這段距離，從而幫助節約能源。由此可知,這種發光的植物在未來可能有助于減少能源消耗。故選C.【8題詳解】主旨大意題。根據最后一段中Lighting accounts for about 7%of the total electricity consumed in the US。 Since lighting is often far removed from the power source-such as the distance from a power plant to street lamps on

50、a remote highwaya lot of energy is lost during transmission。 Glowing plants could reduce this distance and therefore help save energy。可知照明約占美國總耗電量的7.由于照明通常遠離電源，例如從發電廠到偏僻公路上路燈的距離，在傳輸過程中會損失大量能源。發光的植物可以縮短這段距離，從而幫助節約能源。結合文章主要說明了綠色植物對人們很有好處，因此麻省理工學院的工程師開發了一種發光植物，文章介紹了他們發明這種植物的過程，以及這種植物的一些優勢，指出在未來發光植物有可能取

51、代路燈，達到節約能源的作用。由此可知，C選項“發光的植物能取代路燈嗎?”最符合文章標題。故選C。C【答案】9。 A 10. A 11. D 12。 B【解析】本文是說明文.介紹了美國新奧良和布魯克林舉辦了不同尋常的時裝秀.展出海貍鼠制成的皮衣.海貍鼠們每年都在破壞大片的濕地，因此設計師稱這是一種環保的舉措,科學家們也對海貍鼠損壞生態平衡表示了擔憂。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段Unusual fashion shows in New Orleans and Brooklyn have showcased nutria fur made into clothes in different s

52、tyles. “It sounds crazy to talk about guiltfree fur-unless you understand that the nutria are destroying vast wetlands every year,”says Cree McCree， project director of Righteous Fur。得知，美國新奧爾良和布魯克林舉辦了不同尋常的時裝秀，時裝秀上展出海貍鼠皮制成的不同風格的衣服，項目總監Cree McCree說:“除非了解海貍鼠正每年破壞大片濕地，否則談論無罪感皮衣是很瘋狂的事情”，可以判斷出由于海貍鼠對生態造成了巨

53、大的破壞，這場海貍鼠皮衣時裝秀銷售的是無罪惡感皮衣。故選A。【10題詳解】推理判斷題.根據第三段Scientists in Louisiana were so concerned that they decided to pay hunters $5 a tail.得知,科學家們如此擔心以至于他們決定按照一條海貍鼠尾巴付給獵人們5美元，可以推斷出科學家們擔憂海貍鼠們嚴重破壞生態平衡，。故選A。【11題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據第五段The fur trade kept nutria in check for decades， but when the market for nutria colla

54、psed in the late 1980s,the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. 得知,毛皮貿易使海貍鼠受到了幾十年的控制,但是當海貍鼠市場在20世紀80年代末崩潰時,這種貓大小的動物數量瘋長，根據but判斷，這是轉折關系，以前由于皮毛交易，海貍鼠處于控制,現在這種海貍鼠之所以能夠數量激增，是由于市場不再銷售海貍鼠皮毛導致的，可以推斷出劃線詞collapsed 是和D。crashed倒閉的意思最相近。故選D。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據第二段Model Paige Morgan says， “To give people a guilt

55、free option that they can wear without someone throwing paint on themI think thats going to be a massive thing, at least in New York. ” 得知,為了給人們一種無罪的選擇,人們可以穿皮衣而不被人們潑油漆,我認為在紐約將是一件巨大的事情，根據模特摩根所說得知,在紐約穿皮質衣服是有風險的.故選B。D【答案】13. C 14。 B 15。 C 16。 D【解析】本文是夾敘夾議文。文章講述了作者是一個熱情的讀者，孩提時熱衷讀書，第一份工作在圖書館。有了孩子以后，一家人去圖書館讀書，閱讀的習慣代代傳承下去。作為小說家，作者呼吁其他作家支持圖書館,宣傳圖書館。【13題詳解】推理判斷題.根據第一段的 I was always