1、人教課標(biāo)版高一 必修 3Unit 5人教課標(biāo)版高一 必修 3Unit 5Language points 1. Rather than take the aeroplane all the way, they decided to fly to Vancouver and then take the train west to east across Canada. 她們不想一路乘飛機(jī)，她們決定先飛到溫哥華，再?gòu)奈骱０冻嘶疖嚈M穿加拿大到達(dá)東海岸。 rather than 表示客觀事實(shí)，意為“是而不是；與其不如”。它連接的并列成分可以是名詞、代詞、形容詞、介詞(短語(yǔ))、動(dòng)名詞、分句、不定式、動(dòng)詞等

2、。 (1) 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞 He is an explorer rather than a sailor. 與其說(shuō)他是一個(gè)海員，不如說(shuō)他是一個(gè)探險(xiǎn)者。 You rather than I are going to go cing. 是你而不是我要去要野營(yíng)。 rather than 連接兩個(gè)名詞或代詞作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)與rather than 前面的名詞或代詞在人稱和數(shù)上保持一致。注意！(2) 連接兩個(gè)形容詞 The sweater she bought was beautiful rather than cheap. 與其說(shuō)她買的這件羊毛衫便宜不如說(shuō)它漂亮。 (3) 連接兩個(gè)介詞(短語(yǔ))

3、或動(dòng)名詞 We will have the meeting in the classroom rather than in the great hall. 我們是在教室里開(kāi)會(huì)，不是在大廳里。 She enjoys singing rather than dancing. 她喜歡唱歌，而不喜歡跳舞。 (4) 連接兩個(gè)分句 We should help him rather than he should help us. 是我們應(yīng)該幫助他而不是他應(yīng)該幫助我們。 (5) 連接兩個(gè)不定式 I decided to write rather than (to) telephone. 我決定寫(xiě)信而不打 。

4、 注意：rather than 后接不定式時(shí)，不定式可以帶to，也可以不帶to, 如上句。但rather than位于句首時(shí)，則只能接不帶to 的不定式。 如: Rather than allow the vegetables to go bad, he sold them at half price. 他唯恐蔬菜爛掉，把它們以半價(jià)賣掉了。 (6) 連接兩個(gè)動(dòng)詞 He ran rather than walked. 他是跑來(lái)的，而不是走來(lái)的。 注意：這里rather than 后用了walked，而沒(méi)有用walk，表示客觀事實(shí)，而不是主觀愿望。如果換成walk，則作“寧愿而不愿 ”解。 I s

5、hould thank you _ that you should thank me. A. because B. rather than C. for D. asB看 一 例:2. The thought that they could cross the whole continent was exciting. that引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句。 考例 The news _ our athletes won another gold medal was reported in yesterdays newspaper. (上海) A. which B. whether C. what D. tha

6、t點(diǎn)撥 選D。our athletes won another gold medal用來(lái)說(shuō)明the news的具體內(nèi)容，是同位語(yǔ)從句，故用that引導(dǎo)。同位語(yǔ)從句不能用which引導(dǎo)。 3. Going eastward, you will. -ward（s）加在前置詞上，構(gòu)成副詞，表示方向backward(s)向后，upward (s)向上。其他副詞后綴: 1)-ly, possibly, swiftly, simply 2)-ways, always, sideways 3)-wise, otherwise, clockwise 4. People think it is Canadas

7、most beautiful city, surrounded by mountains and the Pacific Ocean. 許多人認(rèn)為溫哥華是加拿大最美的城市，因?yàn)樗淮笊桨鼑瑸l臨太平洋。surround vt. 包圍, 圍繞; 圈住Trees surround our house.我們房子的四周都是樹(shù)。The police surrounded the house.警察包圍了這幢房子。 The oceans and seas surrounding the islands are deep blue and many of its cities lie on the bay.s

8、urrounding 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)做定語(yǔ)。 We could see the buildings _ by trees. A. being surrounded B. surrounded C. to be surrounded D. surround B5. Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour make Vancouver one of Canadas most popular cities to live in. 落基山脈可以滑雪，海港供你揚(yáng)帆，這些使得溫哥華成為加拿大最受歡迎的居住城市之一。分析 本句結(jié)構(gòu)是：主

9、語(yǔ)（Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour） + 謂語(yǔ)（make） + 賓語(yǔ)（Vancouver） + 賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)（one of Canadas most popular cities to live in）。本句用動(dòng)詞-ing形式短語(yǔ)（Skiing in the Rocky Mountains and sailing in the harbour）作主語(yǔ)。在賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)中，動(dòng)詞不定式to live in作定語(yǔ)，修飾cities。 6. It is so wet there that the trees are extre

10、mely tall, some measuring over 90 metres. so . that 和such . that是常見(jiàn)的引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句的句型，具體用法如下：(1) so + adj. / adv. + that . (2) so + adj. + a(n) + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that .(3) so + many / few + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that .(4) so + much / little + 不可數(shù)名詞 + that .(5) such + a(n) + adj. + 單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞 + that .(6) such + adj. + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞 + that .

11、(7) such + adj. + 不可數(shù)名詞 + that .注意 當(dāng)名詞為不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞時(shí)，不能用so，而必須用such。但當(dāng)名詞之前有表示數(shù)量的詞語(yǔ)，如many, much, few, little時(shí)，只能用so，而不能用such。仿寫(xiě) _(他嚇得幾乎睡不著覺(jué)。)He was so frightened that he could hardly fall asleep仿真模擬 從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 It was _ that she couldnt finish it by herself. A. so difficult a workB. su

12、ch a difficult work C. so difficult workD. such difficult work Mrs London has _ that she is unable to get a good job. A. such small educationB. so little education C. a such little educationD. a so small education settle down 1) 坐下，躺下 He settled down in his chair to read the newspaper.7. That aftern

13、oon aboard the train, the cousins settled down in their seats. 那天下午，這對(duì)表姐妹上了火車落了座。aboardadv., prep. 在上；在船上2) 過(guò)安定的生活 After years of traveling, he decided to settle down here.3) 安下心來(lái)，專心致志于 Then they settled themselves down _ work. A. to B. on C. with D. inA即學(xué)即練 按要求完成下列各題。等孩子們安靜下來(lái)再開(kāi)始上課吧。settle down to w

14、ritePlease wait until the children settle down before you start your lesson.3. Let us _ （靜下心 來(lái)寫(xiě)）an article. 2. I cant settle down to my work. 我不能安心工作。8. manage to do 閱讀下列句子，注意manage to do的意思和用法。1). Although he hasnt received any formal education, Mr Wang managed to finish his task.2). We should mana

15、ge to realize our dream. 歸納總結(jié) manage to do sth. (= succeed in doing sth.) 是“設(shè)法做、設(shè)法完成某事”的意思。辨析 manage to do與try to do 用manage時(shí)，成功的把握大些；用try時(shí)，成功的把握不大。即：manage to do sth.的意思是“設(shè)法成功地完成”，而try to do sth.的意思是“盡力做（但結(jié)果不一定成功）”。如：He worked hard and managed to pass the exam. 他努力學(xué)習(xí)并順利通過(guò)了考試。He tried to pass the ex

16、am, but failed because of laziness. 他試圖想通過(guò)考試，但是由于懶惰而最終失敗了。即學(xué)即練 按要求完成下列各題。1. If our parents dont encourage us to do anything on our own we will never manage to be successful. 如果父母不鼓勵(lì)我們獨(dú)立做事，我們永遠(yuǎn)也不會(huì)獲得成功。 2. 我們?cè)O(shè)法得到了需要的東西。3. Our parents always get a little bit anxious if we _ (沒(méi)有到家) when we say we will.c

17、ant / dont manage to arrive homeWe managed to get what we wanted. 9. Many of them have a gift for riding wild horses and can win thousands of dollars in prizes.1) have a gift for. 在.方面有天分/天賦 gift 特指與生俱來(lái)的天份或才能，如繪畫(huà)、音樂(lè)等。 Her gift for dancing amazed the teacher. 老師對(duì)她舞蹈的天份大感驚奇。2) thousands of 成千上萬(wàn)的 類似的用法

18、還有： hundreds of 數(shù)以百計(jì)的 scores of 許多 millions of 上百萬(wàn)的 dozens of 許多，大量 tens of thousands of 數(shù)以萬(wàn)計(jì)的 score與many, several連用修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，都要用單數(shù)，其后的介詞of有無(wú)均可。但是，習(xí)慣上score多與of連用，而dozen很少與of連用，如：two score (of) workers, three score and ten people, several dozen children, many dozen books。The teacher bought two _ books

19、in the bookstore.A. scores ofB. scoresC. score of C10. most Canadians live within a few hundred kilometres of the USA border 大多數(shù)加拿大人居住在靠近美國(guó)數(shù)百公里以內(nèi)的邊疆地帶 考點(diǎn) within 介詞，在（尤指時(shí)間、距離、范圍、限度等）之內(nèi)，以內(nèi)；在里頭。1) within與in表達(dá)時(shí)間的區(qū)別: within指在時(shí)間范圍之內(nèi)，不超過(guò)；而in是經(jīng)過(guò)若干時(shí)間，指期限之外。 Ill be there within an hour. （一小時(shí)之內(nèi)） Ill be there i

20、n an hour. （一小時(shí)之后）考例 Dont leave matches or cigarettes on the table within _ of little children. (湖北2004)A. hand B. reach C. pace D. distance 點(diǎn)撥 本題考查固定短語(yǔ)。within reach of sb. 或within ones reach 意為“在某人能夠得著的范圍之內(nèi)”。B 2) border n. 邊界；國(guó)界 v. 與接壤the countries bordering the Baltic波羅的海沿岸國(guó)家11. They went through

21、a wheat-growing province and saw farms that covered thousands of square acres. 火車穿過(guò)一個(gè)種植小麥的省份，他們看見(jiàn)了面積有數(shù)千平方英畝的農(nóng)場(chǎng)。wheat-growing 是一個(gè)復(fù)合形容詞。復(fù)合形容詞1). N.-Ned baby-faced (娃娃臉的) horse-faced (馬臉的)2). adj.-Ned good-mannered (有禮貌的) narrow-minded (心胸狹窄的) absent-minded (心不在焉的) old-fashioned (過(guò)時(shí)的) short-sighted (近視

22、的) 3). 數(shù)字-Ned one-legged (獨(dú)腳的) three-headed (三個(gè)頭的) five-sided (五個(gè)邊的) two-storied (兩層樓的) 例外數(shù)字-計(jì)量單位(-adj)，注意復(fù)數(shù)時(shí)，單位名詞仍不加s。 three-year-old (三歲大的) two-week (兩個(gè)禮拜的) one-way (單行的) 4). N-Ving body-building (強(qiáng)身的) peace-loving (愛(ài)好和平的) heart-warming (感人的) law-abiding (守法的)5). adj.-Ving easy-going (悠哉的) good-lo

23、oking (美貌的) high-sounding (夸張的)6). adv.-Ving hard-working (工作努力的) fast-moving (移動(dòng)快速的) far-reaching (影響深遠(yuǎn)的)7). N-pp(過(guò)去分詞) heart-broken (傷心的) hand-made (手工的) man-caused (人為的) 8). adj.-pp plain-spoken (坦白說(shuō)話的) ready-made (現(xiàn)成的) clean-cut (清秀的) 9). adv.-pp out-spoken (直言的) well-known (著名的) well-behaved (守

24、規(guī)矩的) 12. . Canada has more fresh water than any other country in the world. 句中的more . than any other .是用比較級(jí)表示最高級(jí)含義。如果是在同一范圍內(nèi)比較，常用“主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 比較級(jí) + than any other + 單數(shù)名詞”或者“主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 比較級(jí) + than any of the other + 復(fù)數(shù)名詞”。如果是在不同的范圍內(nèi)比較，常用“主語(yǔ) + 謂語(yǔ) + 比較級(jí) + than any + 單數(shù)名詞”。如：He is taller than any other boy

25、in our class. / He is taller than any of the other boys in our class. 他是我們班上最高的男孩。China is larger than any country in Africa. 中國(guó)比非洲的任何一個(gè)國(guó)家都大。仿寫(xiě) _（在我們學(xué)校，他的舞跳得最好。）He dances better than any other one in our school. / He dances better than any of the others in our school.仿真模擬 從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)

26、。 Lung cancer is the worst killer in America, taking _ lives each year than _ cancer. A. more; any B. most; any other C. many; other D. more; any other In a special report on deaths caused by cancer, the blacks are more diagnosed with it than _ in America. A. any of the other B. any races C. the oth

27、er race D. any other race ExercisesI. 根據(jù)下列各句句意及所給單詞的首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，寫(xiě)出所缺單詞的正確形式。1. Passengers checked their b_ before boarding the plane. 2. My kids spend hours _ (閑聊) on the phone to their friends. 3. We began our _ (向東的) journey at dawn. eastwardbaggagechatting4. The government was urged to take _ (措施) t

28、o fight the spread of AIDS. 5. They were the last two to go a_ the ship. 6. They were near the _ (邊界) between France and Germany. bordermeasuresaboard7. The boss decided to pass over his _ (輕微的) mistakes. 8. In some developing countries more and more people are migrating to u_ areas. 9. The police s

29、_ the house after a murder happened last night. 10. During the windstorm the ships stayed in the h_. harbourslighturbansurroundedII. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的詞或短語(yǔ)，并用其適當(dāng)形式填空。settle down; catch sight of; have a gift for; slightly; border; rather than 1. _ go straight on to university why not get some work experience f

30、irst?2. Jackson went to the road that _ the gardens on the left.3. Elena sure _ telling stories.has a gift forRather thanbordered4. Theyd like to see their daughter _, get married, and have kids.5. I _ her hurrying away but I didnt try to speak to her. 6. The milk should be _ heated before you drink

31、 it.slightlysettle downcaught sight ofIII. 用適當(dāng)?shù)慕樵~或副詞填空。1. On second thought, I want to go on a trip with my classmates _ Florida.2. The friends met occasionally to chat _ the good old days at school.3. Its a wonder that all 225 people _ the aircraft were still alive after the accident.toaboutaboard / on4. After working abroad for several years, Tom wants to settle _ in Britain.5. Cars race at high speeds as top racecar drivers compete for millions of dollars _ prizes.6. He lives in a house _ a mile of the station.downinwithin7. Electric current can