1、.精品文本精品文本.精品文本外貿英語函電的語言特點及其在國際貿易中的應用Linguistic feature of correspondence for foreign trade and its application in international trade摘要: 文章主要分為兩個局部論述，第一局部主要解釋外貿英語函電的意義并舉例說明它的其語言特點，突出其是一種具有極強特殊性及實用性的行業英語的性質，接著闡述外貿英語函電的重要性，指出外貿英語函電已經成為在對外貿易中不可或缺的重要組成局部；第二局部闡述外貿英函電在國際貿易中的應用，指明它是本錢最低、最常見、也最有效的通訊手段之一，主要從

2、4個方面展開討論，分別是可以搭建新的貿易關系、可以快速高效傳遞信息和數據、可以作為責任劃分的依據、可以維持貿易雙方良好的合作關系。最后還提倡應選擇性地使用外貿英語函電。Abstract:This article is mainly divided into two part for discussion,the first part is talking about the meaning of foreign trade correspondence and its linguistic feature by examples in which a characteristic of pro

3、fessional English with its extremely strong specialty and practicality will be stood out.This will be followed by a description of importance of foreign trade correspondence and point out it has become a indispensable component in international trade; The second part only puts emphasis on the foreig

4、n trade correspondences application in international trade.it is one of the most common ,the most effect and the most shortest cost means of communication.There are 4 points supporting the second part :building new trade relationship;sending or receiving information and documents in the fast and eff

5、icient way;becoming an evidence to split responsibility;maintaining a better relationship between two parties.in the last ,the author suggests selectively using foreign trade correspondence .關鍵詞：外貿英語函電；國際貿易；電子郵件 Key words:foreign trade correspondence;international trade;E-mail前言introduction隨著全球經濟一體化

6、和高新技術的迅猛開展，世界經濟體系的日益完善， HYPERLINK :/baike.baidu /view/2630254.htm t _blank 中國對外貿易的活動也越來越頻繁。現如今，各國進出口企業除了通過見面或打 ，工作越來越多地通過外貿信函來完成。這就要求我們掌握 HYPERLINK :/baike.baidu /view/407495.htm t _blank 外貿英語函電的特點和寫作技能，充分發揮他們在 HYPERLINK :/baike.baidu /view/329958.htm t _blank 國際商務活動中的效用。另一方面，外貿英語函電特別是電子郵件以其價格低廉、使用方

7、便、傳遞及時、功能多樣等優勢使得國際貿易的開展更加多元化、高效化、自由化。不僅如此，正確地使用外貿英語函電還可以提升可信度、增進貿易關系、影響他人，進而為企業贏得更多的貿易時機，實現自身的價值。為了適應新形勢的開展和用人單位對從業人員的要求，我們不僅要懂得外貿英語函電的語言特點，更重要的是要準確熟練地加以運用。In the background of economic globalization ，the rapid development of high technology and increasingly improvement of world economic system,Chin

8、as foreign trade activities are more frequent than ever.Today, a trend of using correspondence is more popular in global importing or exporting enterprises other than meeting or calling.Therefore we are requested to grasp the characteristic and writing skill of foreign trade correspondence to gain t

9、he full benefits of using them in the international trade.In the other hand,foreign trade correspondence,especially Email,have their advantages of low-cost,convenience,timely transmitting and multifunction which made the establishment of foreign trade more multi plural efficient and free.Moreover,co

10、rrectly using of correspondence can catch more trade opportunity and realize oneself value through its effects of upgrading credibility,promoting business relationship and influencing surroundings.It has to be clear the importance of accurately using correspondence as well as understanding its featu

11、re,that is exactly the request of employers under the new international business environment.外貿英語函電的語言特點Linguistic features of foreign trade correspondence1.1外貿函電過去指的是國際貿易中往來的商業書信和電報、電傳。隨著科技的開展，特別是互聯網技術的長足開展，電報已經成為歷史，電傳也已經很難尋覓蹤跡。替而代之的是今天的 和電子郵件外貿函電。所以今天的的外貿英語函電是指在商務環境下不同文化背景的貿易雙方通過信函、 和電子郵件進行書面交流的行為

12、。而函電中所使用的英語是一種帶有濃重商務色彩的、應用性很強的行業英語。Foreign business correspondence was referred to commercial letters,telegram or telex which extensively used in the past international trade.With the development of technology,especially in the considerable field of internet ,telegram have become the old history,tel

13、ex are also barely used and subsequently fax and emails took their position today.So nowadays foreign trade correspondence can be seen as a tool of written communication by lettes,faxes and emails that trade parties with the different cultural background adopted in the business environment.Whats mor

14、e,foreign correspondence English is the professional English of deep business colour and applicability.1.2外貿英語函電作為商務英語的使用功能變體之一，不僅繼承了商務英語所具有的一切特點，而且也因著其特殊的用途存在自身獨有的語言特點。Foreign business correspondence not only copies all of characteristic of business English but also exists its own language feature

15、according to its special uses because of being one of applicable and functional variant of business English.1.2.1外貿函電實際上就是商務英語的寫作。在撰寫商務信函的時候，都應遵循“5C原那么，即意義明晰clarity、用詞簡潔conciseness、禮貌周到courtesy、信息完整completeness、語言正確correctness。新編商務英語寫作2宏觀上來說任何一封出色的商務信函都會具備以上5個特點。舉例說明如下：Foreign trade correspondence a

16、ctually can be deemed as foreign business English writing.It is called “5C rulesclarity，conciseness，courtesy，completeness and correctness that writing a foreign business letter should comply.Say from macroscopic that every excellent foreign business letter will have these 5 characteristic.For exampl

17、es: A B Render Give Finalize Finish Demonstrate Show意義明晰clarity撰寫信函時，鑒于收信人的英文水平各不相同，為了防止造成收件人的誤解，我們就要使用常見且通俗易懂的詞語。上述B組的用詞比A組用詞更容易使讀者理解。寫信人使用清晰的表達和簡單易懂的詞匯是使他人明白自己意思的明智做法。Claritywe need to use common and easy to understand words to avoid the recipients misunderstanding while creating a correspondence

18、in view of each recipients English level are not identical.As the above-mentioned,group Bs words are more understandable than group As.So it is wise to use simple expression and oral words to be well understood by others. A B At this time Now Come to a decision Decide For the purpose For用詞簡潔concisen

19、ess以上例如中B組的表達顯然比A組的表達簡短。通過這種簡潔的交流方式可以直接減少寫信人和收信人的時間和本錢，所以在外貿函電中應盡量防止使用復雜難懂的商業術語。ConscisenessIt is not hard to find group Bs expression are apparently more simple and shorter than group As.Adopting concise communication form could directly save time and cost of senders and receivers, Using complicate

20、d commercial terms will never become the first choice when writing a foreign trade correspondence. A B We can not deliver. I am afraid we can not deliver.You ought to have accepted. It seems to us that you ought to .禮貌周到courtesy外貿英語函電經常會有類似于B組的句式表達.在國際貿易中買賣雙方難免會有產生分歧或者無法滿足對方要求的情況，也或者是向對方提出某種意見，在這種情況

21、下，如果使用A組句式會讓對方感到被命令或者被強迫，而B組的句式相對婉轉和禮貌，更能表達發件人的愿望，誠意或者是歉意。CourtesyIt always had been emerging of sentence expression like group B in foreign trade correspondence.Disagreement will occasionally come out between traders,or one party is unable to meet the requirement of the other party,or one will make

22、 suggestions to the other one which those scenes are not rare to see in the international trade. If,under these circumstances,using group Bs sentence pattern,it will make receivers feel being ordered or compelled.On the contrary,using mild and indirect sentence like group B can to a large extent con

23、vey senders hope,sincere or apology.信息完整completeness主要表達在答復的內容上.在編輯函電時應盡可能一一答復發件人的所有問題及針對貿易中可能出現的各種狀況給出提示等。 Completenessthis characteristic will be reflected in the containing of response.It has to,if possible, include every answer questioned by senders and give instructions about predictable situat

24、ions or else while creating a foreign trade correspondence. A B This product is absolutely This product is the best one The best on the market we can offer語言正確correctness外貿函電中語言正確不僅是指語法結構的正確，拼寫及書寫內容的正確,同時還應注意語言使用的是否得當，上述例如中B組的語句準確表達了賣方提供了最優質的產品給買方，而A組的表達稍顯浮夸。B組的句子增加了賣方的可信度。 CorrectnessLinguistically

25、 correct in foreign trade correspondence not only refers to use grammar and structure rightly,but also optimum language using should be taken into considerable account. Compared with group As sentence with too much exaggeration,group Bs sentence precisely tell the seller have offered their goods wit

26、h the most highest quality to their buyer.Obviously group B helped to add credibility of seller.1.2.2外貿英語函電的語言特點除了宏觀上表達在5C原那么之外，微觀上還可劃分為以下幾點。Linguistic feature of foreign trade correspondence also can be explained on microscopic level beyond the “5C rules on macroscopic aspect.A、稱呼語、結束語及句法表達的固定。Dear

27、 Mr Homes,How are you doing.Dear Miss Watson,Wish you a nice day.當我們看到以這種形式開頭的稱呼語時，大多數人都會不自覺地認為這是一封信函。無疑我們的感覺是正確的。為什么人們會有這種感覺呢？原因是我們都知道這是英文信函的習慣表達。亦如，結束語中yours respectfully /yours sincerely/Kind Regards等，還有正文中的固定表達，如the attached pls find .,We look forward to receiving your reply soon,This is to conf

28、irm your E-mail dated.國際商務函電像這種表達在外貿英文函電中是屢見不鮮的，都是向對方表示尊重的習慣用法。鑒于外貿函電是公文性質的信函，一方面慣用句式是在長久的國際貿易交流中衍生出來的，另一方面使用慣用句式有利于讀者更準確的理解句意。相反，在日常會話中一般是不會使用到這些表達法的。Inertia of salutation,ending and sentence. “Dear Mr Homes,How are you doing.Dear Miss Watson,Wish you a nice dayMost of people will unconsciously fee

29、l what they are seeing is a letter when these sentences reflect in their eyes,and it is undoubtedly right.But why do people feel this way?The answer is we all know those are “nail household in correspondence such as “yours respectfully /yours sincerely/Kind Regards in the ends and constant sentences

30、 as “the attached pls find .,We look forward to receiving your reply soon,This is to confirm your E-mail dated.國際商務函電 in the body.The above-mentioned fixed usages are vastly fooding in foreign trade correspondence and more important is by inertial usage of salutation,ending and sentence can fully ex

31、press respect.Given that foreign trade correspondence is official letter,so the inertial usage have been formed in the long history of international businesscommunication,on the other hand,by using fixed sentence pattern can facilitate correctly understanding.However,we generally will not use these

32、expression in daily conversation.B、外貿英文函電高頻詞匯的出現。函電的內容決定詞匯出現頻率的上下。外貿英文函電在具有極強專業性質的同時也揭露了自身語言使用的局限性。外貿函電是在商務背景下與客戶溝通的，函電內容總是離不開詢價，報盤，訂貨，簽約，包裝，裝運，保險等話題，因此與這些話題有關的詞匯便經常出現在往來的函電中，并會一直成為雙方交流的話題。而這也正是外貿英文函電與日常書信的不同之處。Emergence of high-frequent words in foreign trade correspondenceThe contents of correspon

33、dence decide the using frequency of vocabulary.It has to point out that foreign trade correspondence got its linguistic constrain of language use as well as have strong nature of profession.Foreign trade correspondence usually communicates with customers under the background of business,as a result,

34、correspondence content is always inseparable from the topic of inquiry,quotation,ordering,contract,pack,shipping,insurance, etc.Therefore words related to these topics usually will be usually used in the letters and be the topic between traderscommunication.That is exactly the difference from daily

35、letters.C、縮寫詞的大量使用。高效、快捷、便利已經成為現代人追求的生活方式，在競爭劇烈的商業場上表現更為明顯。隨著時代的變遷，國際貿易呈現出一片繁榮的景象。商業英語的語言也不停地隨之消失與更新。就好似電子郵件中大量涌現的縮寫詞已經成為現代外貿英語的代表之一。縮寫詞一般是由幾個大寫字母組成，也有大寫字母與標點符號共同組成的情況。例如： A B ASAP as soon as possible PI proforma invoice O/C order confirmation C.C carbon copy P.S. postscript這些縮寫詞經常會出現在往來的電子郵件中，比起函電內

36、容，似乎縮寫詞更能吸引收件人的眼球。縮寫詞的新穎與充滿個性的形式不但減少撰寫函電的時間，還能贏得讀者的信任感，同時，也給電子郵件的內容增添了幾分活力，也容易使收件人對你郵件中所發出的信息印象深刻。隨著社會的進步與開展，人類對個性化的追求，相信更多的縮寫詞會相繼出現。作為一名專業的外貿從業人員，如果不懂縮寫詞的使用，又怎么跟得上時代的步伐呢？Plenty use of abbreviationsEfficient,fast,convenient have become a new life style pursued by modern people which have been surely

37、 and totally agreed in the fiercely competitive field of business.With these years past,international trade have presented a booming signs.As a consequence of that,business English language formed a constantly circle of disappearance and update just as the abbreviations largely poured into Emails ha

38、ve become one of modern foreign business English representatives.Abbreviations are generally composed of several capital letters or sometimes composed of capitals and punctuation.Such as below: A B ASAP as soon as possible PI proforma invoice O/C order confirmation C.C carbon copy P.S. postscriptThe

39、se abbreviations are often used in Emails and it seems like the receivers eyes are very attracted by abbreviations comparing with the content.Abbreviation with its novelty and absolute personality not only can save time of making correspondence but also can gain more trust from receivers.Meanwhile,i

40、t adds Email some vitality and help leaveing a deep impression of information to others.With societys progress and development and in terms of human pursue to personality,more abbreviation will consequently come out.So here a question is how we can keep our pace with the Age as a foreign business pr

41、ofessionals if we dont know the usage of abbreviation.盡管我們不具備100%出色的表達能力，但是通過對外貿英語函電特點的了解并結合實際情況是可以彌補表達能力上的缺乏。如今，撰寫外貿函電是一種最常見的商務活動，它可以幫助我們到達商業目的，也可以讓我們知道函電作為交流工具的重要性。只有認真研究它的語言特點才能最大化的發揮它的作用。Even though we dont have 100 percent excellent ability of expression,it can be made up by understanding the f

42、eature of foreign trade correspondence and connecting with the practical situation.Nowadays,write the foreign trade correspondence is the most common business activity,it can help us to reach business goals and also can let us know the importance of using correspondence as a tool of communication.On

43、ly get to know the correspondences language nature can we maximize its effect.二、外貿英文函電在國際貿易中的應用Foreign trade correspondences application in the international trade 2.1國際貿易不同于我國內部企業之間的合作，企業之間不可能總是面對面的進行交流，畢竟本錢和時間是決定經濟利潤的最關鍵因素之一。而傳統貿易通訊方式的繁瑣，必然會阻礙各國之間貿易的開展及貿易全球化進程的速度。外貿英語函電的優勢在于它克服了時間和空間的限制，簡化了貿易活動中的繁

44、雜程序，節約了交易本錢費用，提高了交易的速度，保障了交易的平安進行，有效的防止了數據的喪失和毀壞。現代外貿英語函電的迅速開展，成為企業進入國際市場的有效手段，在節約貿易雙方交易本錢的同時，還可以到達宣傳企業的目的。外貿英文函電也正是因著其自身的種種優勢受到了國際社會的普遍認可。International trade is different from the cooperation between domestic enterprises.Because it is not possible to communicate face to face for saving cost and tim

45、e which is one of the most crucial factors of controlling economic profit between international traders。Furthermore,if using traditional means of communication, it will inevitably block the commercial development between countries and the progress of economic globalization because of its complicated

46、 procedure.The advantages of foreign trade correspondence are eliminating the limit of time and space,simplifying the complex procedures in the international trade,saving cost,boosting the speed of transaction,ensuring the security of trading,avoiding the data loss and damage,etc. In view of the rap

47、idly development of foreign trade correspondence, it has been used as an effective tool of entering into international market.Apart from saving traderscost,it can achieving the aim of publicizing cooperates as well.Foreign trade correspondence was extensively recognised by international community be

48、cause of its own advantages.A可以搭建新的貿易關系。Setting up new trade relations隨著互聯網等通信技術的快速開展，外貿函電已成為買賣雙方建立對外貿易關系和外貿往來的重要手段。國內企業與國外客戶建立貿易關系一般都是通過網絡搜索；請國外銀行介紹客戶；請國內貿易促進機構或商會介紹關系如貿促會；通過國內外展會交易建立關系；請我駐外使館商務處或外國駐華使館介紹對象；利用國內外專業咨詢公司介紹客戶外貿英語函電賈和平，黃梨，趙曙亞，經濟科學出版社24頁等渠道外貿英語函電，而中介機構不會無償永久地為買賣雙方搭建貿易關系，因此在得知對方大概情況后，貿易方

49、為了表達貿易意圖就要尋找一個適宜的方式與對方聯系。函電以快捷，本錢低的特點成為了貿易方的首選。可以說一封充滿尊敬和謙虛及布局精良的外貿函電比 更能夠引起對方的注意。而且，函電是將要表達的內容撰寫完整之后再發送給對方，所以一般不會出現遺漏要呈現的信息的情況，既不會給收件人造成不便，也不會使發函人遭到被當場拒絕的為難。另外函電卻可以做到24小時的全天候不間斷的效勞，對于任何客戶在任何地方、任何時間的回復及問題都可以及時給出答復，更有利于推進雙方貿易關系的建立。With the rapid development of telecommunication technology especially

50、internet tech,Foreign trade correspondence have become the important means of building relations and handling deals between international traders.Domestic companies will usually find foreign customers by sources such as web searching system,asking help from foreign banks,asking assistance from domes

51、tic trade promotion agencies or Chamber of commerce such as CCPIT,attending exhibitions held by home or foreign countries,asking help from our embassies commercial service or foreign embassies,paying domestic or foreign professional consulting companies,etc.However,these intermediary agencies will n

52、ot offer their services permanently without fees.So traders,who want to build business connection with foreign companies,will have to find appropriate contacts after getting the information of foreign companies.Most of tradersfirst choice will be correspondence because it is fast and economic.Maybe

53、we can say a correspondence with full respect or humility and well-constructed layout could be more probable to attract the attention of the others.At the same time,a correspondence is usually fully prepared and sent to receivers,so there is generally no situations of omitting information to be pres

54、ented or no inconvenience to receivers or no embarrassing for being quickly rejected either.In addition,Correspondence could provide live information 24 hours a day,which is possible to timely reply to customers anywhere or any time, for promoting new trade relationsestablishment.B可以快速高效傳遞信息和數據。Fast

55、 and efficiently transmit information and data國內貿易與國際貿易的主要區別之一便是單據的使用。發出的每一票貨都必須有正確的單據，如合同、商業發票、裝箱單、提單、保險單、產地證等。如果單據不正確，進口商將在提貨的時候遇到困難，就算是微小的差距也可能導致銀行拒絕付款，根據商品性質及各國具體規定不同，不同的交易需要不同的單據。為了不影響貿易伙伴之間今后的貿易關系，單據的及時傳遞尤為重要。國際商務英語184與郵遞、電報等傳遞方式相比，電子郵件不僅破除了時空的壁壘，又節約了通訊本錢，最重要的是只需要短短幾分鐘就可將數據傳給對方。即使是傳遞信息有誤，也可以做到

56、及時的糾正，將損失減到最低。現如今，電子郵件在國際貿易雙方之間、跨國公司與子公司之間、政府機構與公司之間、企業員工之間已經成了交換信息數據的最普遍的、具有最高效能的媒介。21世紀人類已經進入了大數據時代，全球經濟一體化的加快使得國際貿易的競爭愈演愈烈，對市場信息實時的掌控握成了企業開展的致命因素。如果說外貿函電是因為迎合了局勢的開展才被世界所認可，反之，它也成了全球經濟快速開展的推動力。One of the main distinction between domestic trade and international trade is the use of documents.Each s

57、hipment dispatched should be equipped with correct documents such as contract,commercial invoice,packing list,bill of lading,insurance policy,certificate of origin,etc.If without right documents,importers may have difficulties in taking delivery of the goods,even slightly difference could cause bank

58、 to refuse to pay.Also,due to the differences existed in products and every countries regualation,different documents should be accordingly prepared for different deals.In order not to affect the future trade relations between partners,it is especially important to send documents timely and rightly

59、pared with post or telegraph,Email got its merits of breaking the barrier of space and saving the cost of communication,and it could transmit info or data to others within just a few minutes.Even if wrong information have been sent,emails can correct promptly to minimize the loss of company.Now E-ma

60、il have become the most common and effective medium of info and datas exchange between international trade partners,transnational corporation and subsidiary,the administrative and company and the same companys employees.In the 21st century,human eventually stepped into the age of “big data,as the ac