1、Resilieneeandsurvivabilityincommunicationnetworks:Strategies,principles,andsurveyofdisciplinesComputerNetworksTheInternethasbecomeessentialtoallaspectsofmodernlife,andthustheconsequencesofnetworkdisruptionhavebecomeincreasinglysevere.ItiswidelyrecognisedthattheInternetisnotsufficientlyresilient,surv

2、ivable,anddependable,andthatsignificantresearch,development,andengineeringisnecessarytoimprovethesituation.Thispaperprovidesanarchitecturalframeworkforresilienceandsurvivabilityincommunicationnetworksandprovidesasurveyofthedisciplinesthatresilienceencompasses,alongwithsignificantpastfailuresofthenet

3、workinfrastructure.Aresiliencestrategyispresentedtodefendagainst,detect,andremediatechallenges,asetofprinciplesfordesigningresilientnetworksispresented,andtechniquesaredescribedtoanalysenetworkresilience.ArticleOutlineIntroductionandmotivationResiliencedisciplinesFaultterrortfailurechainDisciplinesr

4、elatingtochallengetoleranceFaulttoleranceSurvivabilityDisruptiontoleranceTraffictoleranceDisciplinesrelatingtotrustworthinessDependabilitySecurityPerformabilityRobustnessandcomplexityRobustnessComplexityChallengesandpastfailuresUnusualbutlegitimatetrafficload32AccidentsandhumanmistakesLarge-scaledis

5、astersMaliciousattacksEnvironmentalchallengesFailuresatalowerlayerSummaryofchallengesandpastfailuresResiliNetsframeworkandstrategyPreviousstrategiesANSAT1CMU-CERTSUMOWINResiliNetsResiliNetsaxiomsResiliNetsstrategyIntroduction22DRinnerloopDRouterloopResiliNetsdesignprinciplesPrerequisitesDesigntradeo

6、ffsEnablersBehaviourneededforresilienceResilienceanalysisStatetransitionsandresilienceevaluationResilienceanalysisscenarioSummaryandresearchdirectionsDevelopmentintheapplicationofICTinconditionmonitoringandmaintenanceComputersinIndustryThispaperreviewstheavailableliteratureontheapplicationofinformat

7、ionandcommunicationtechnologies(ICT),morespecifically,Webandagenttechnologiesinconditionmonitoring(CM)andthemaintenanceofmechanicalandelectricalsystems.Therarityofexpertsledtotheapplicationofartificialintelligenceand,later,distributedartificialintelligence.TheWebandagenttechnologyisthelatestdevelopm

8、entinthisarea.Theliteraturefindingshavebeenanalysedandclassifiedinaframeworkwhichhighlightsthebaselinetechnology,theobjectiveofthetechnologyandtheindustryofapplication.TheOSA-CBM(OpenSystemArchitectureCondition-BasedMaintenance)layersarealsousedfortheanalysisofthereviewedwork.ThereviewshowsthatWeban

9、dagenttechnologiesarebeingusedformonitoringandmaintenanceinmanufacturing,power,andchemicalindustries.Itisusedtointegrategeographicallydistributedsystems,processesandheterogeneousdataforassetmanagement.Differentarchitectures,methodologiesandtoolsareproposedbytheresearchersforthedevelopmentofagentsyst

10、ems.Fewfindingsreporttheuseofthemobiledevices.Finally,thereviewshowsthatlimitedconsistentandsystematiceffortshavebeenmade,inanisolatedmanner,toapplyICTtoCMandmaintenance.ArticleOutlineIntroductionTheframeworkPrognosticsanddecisionsupportConditionmonitoringanddiagnosticsDatamanipulationandhealthasses

11、smentDataacquisitionandconditionmonitoringHealthassessmentandschedulingICTfordataacquisitionanddatatransferICTforintegrationICTforconflictinggoalsOtherfindingsConclusionsAcknowledgementsReferencesVitaeSystemintegrationofaportabledirectmethanolfuelcellandabatteryhybrid|InternationalJournalofHydrogenE

12、nergyThispaperintroducesacompletesystem-leveldesignandintegrationofaportabledirectmethanolfuelcell(DMFC)system.Wedescribehardwareandsoftwaredesignforthebalanceofplant(BOP)control,includinga32-bitmicroprocessorandelectronicsforactuatorsandsensors,focusingonreliableoperationandprotectionoftheDMFCsyste

13、m.VariousBOPcomponentsarecharacterizedtofindtheoptimaldesignforbetterportability,reliability,andenergyefficiency,andwesuggesteffectiveandrobustdesignofcontrolloopsforthem.WedemonstrateahybridoperationoftheDMFCstackandLi-ionbatterytomaintainaconstantstackoutputcurrentregardlessoftheloadcurrenttomaxim

14、izetheperformance.Weemphasizethedesignofsubsystemsforpowersupply,measurement,actuatordrive,andprotectionindetail.WeverifytherobustoperationofBOPcontrolagainstenvironmentalchangessuchasorientationandpressurevariationswithanimplementedcontrolboard.ArticleOutlineIntroductionPortableDMFCsystemsBOPcontro

15、lsubsystemLiquidpumpsformethanoldeliveryMicrogearpumpsDiaphragmpumpsAirpumpsBOPcontrolFuelandwatercirculationAirsupplyandtemperaturecontrolPowerhybridizationsubsystemFuelcell-batteryhybridarchitecturesVoltageclampingandcurrentlimitationConstant-currentoperationHardwaredesignandimplementationDC-DCcon

16、vertersandbatterychargerMeasurementcircuitActuatordrivercircuitsProtectioncircuitsSoftwarearchitectureanddesignMicroprocessor-basedBOPcontrolOperatingsystemselectionSoftwaredesignExperimentalresultsPumpcontrolCascadedfeedbackcontrolFeedforwardcontrolConstant-currentoperationLong-termoperationConclus

17、ionsAcknowledgementsReferencesModelingandanalysisofanFC/UChybridvehicularpowersystemusingawavelet-fuzzylogicbasedloadsharingandcontrolalgorithm燃料電池全面監管系統及其控制算法和模糊邏輯負載及電能監測建模分析Fuelcell(FC)systemsarepotentiallypromisingcandidatesasalternativeenergysourcesforuseinvehicularapplications.Thenaturaladvanta

18、gesofhybridpowersourcesmaybeeffectivelyutilizedtoimprovetheefficiencyanddynamicresponseofavehicularsystem.Fuelcell(FC)andultra-capacitor(UC)basedhybridpowersystemsappeartobeverypromisingforsatisfyinghighenergyandhighpowerrequirementsforvehicularapplications.Inthispaper,aFC/UChybridvehicularpowersyst

19、emusingawaveletbasedloadsharingandfuzzylogicbasedcontrolalgorithmisproposed.Whilewavelettransformsaresuitableforanalyzingandevaluatingthedynamicloaddemandprofileofahybridelectricvehicle(HEV),theuseoffuzzylogiccontrollerisappropriateforthehybridsystemcontrol.Themathematicalandelectricalmodelsofthehyb

20、ridvehicularsystemaredevelopedindetailandsimulated?usingMATLAB,SimulinkandSimPowerSystemsenvironments.ArticleOutlineIntroductionSystemdescriptionandmethodologyModelingofaPEMFCModelingofUCbankDrivecycleWavelet-fuzzylogicbasedloadsharingandcontrolalgorithmPowerconditioningunitTestandresultsConclusions

21、AcknowledgementsReferencesSecuritythreatstoautomotiveCANnetworksPracticalexamplesandselectedshort-termcountermeasuresReliabilityEngineering&SystemSafetyCAN網絡總線與IC設備運行安全TheITsecurityofautomotivesystemsisanevolvingareaofresearch.Toanalysethecurrentsituationandthepotentiallygrowingtendencyofarisingthre

22、atsweperformedseveralpracticaltestsonrecentautomotivetechnology.WithafocusonautomotivesystemsbasedonCANbustechnology,thisarticlesummarisestheresultsoffourselectedtestsperformedonthecontrolsystemsforthewindowlift,warninglightandairbagcontrolsystemaswellasthecentralgateway.Theseresultsaresupplementedi

23、nthisarticlebyaclassificationofthesefourattackscenariosusingtheestablishedCERTtaxonomyandananalysisofunderlyingsecurityvulnerabilities,andespecially,potentialsafetyimplications.Withrespecttotheresultsofthesetests,inthisarticlewefurtherdiscusstwoselectedcountermeasurestoaddressbasicweaknessesexploite

24、dinourtests.Theseareadaptationsofintrusiondetection(discussingthreeexemplarydetectionpatterns)andIT-forensicmeasures(proposingproactivemeasuresbasedonaforensicmodel).Thisarticlediscussesbothlookingatthefourattackscenariosreactiveapproachesareintroducedbefore,coveringtheircapabilitiesandrestrictions.

25、WhiletheseautomotiveITarchitecture,long-termautomotiveITarchitecture,long-termshort-termmeasures,whichcouldalreadybeaddedtotodaypreventivebutwillrequireamajorredesign.preventivebutwillrequireamajorredesign.conceptsalsoareshortlyintroduced,whicharemainlyBeneathashortoverviewonrespectiveresearchapproa

26、ches,wediscusstheirindividualrequirements,potentialandrestrictions.ArticleOutlineIntroductionandmotivationState-of-the-artExemplarypreventivemeasuresExemplaryreactivemeasuresFourexemplaryautomotiveITsecuritythreatstodiscussattackpotentialScenarioS1:analysesontheelectricwindowliftCERTclassificationIm

27、plicationstocomfort,securityandsafetyScenarioS2:analysesonthewarninglightsCERTclassificationImplicationstocomfort,securityandsafetyScenarioS3:analysesontheairbagcontrolsystemCERTclassificationImplicationstocomfort,securityandsafetyScenarioS4:analysesonthegatewayECUCERTclassificationImplicationstocom

28、fort,securityandsafetySafetyandsecurityimplicationssummaryandanalysisofunderlyingproblemsinscenariosS1-S4Confidentiality/privacyIntegrityAuthenticityAvailabilityNon-repudiationDiscussionofshort-termcountermeasurestoaddressthedemonstratedthreats,theirpotentialandrestrictionsIntrusiondetectiontechniqu

29、esThreeexemplarydetectionpatternsExemplarypracticalimplementationofdetectionPattern1RestrictionsofPatterns13andpotentialforfutureresearchProactiveforensicssupportAforensicprocessmodelanditsautomotiveapplicationCentralisedvs.distributedapproachestoproactivemeasuresinsupportofIT-forensicsProactivefore

30、nsicmeasuresexemplaryapplicationtotheattackscenariosS1-S4DiscussionofrestrictionsandpotentialforfutureresearchHolisticconceptsforautomotiveITsecurityaslong-termsolutions,theirpotentialandrestrictionsExemplaryrequirementsandresearchtrendsThepotentialforfutureautomotiveITapplicationsRemainingchallenge

31、sandrestrictionsSummaryandoutlookAcknowledgementsReferencesModerndevelopmentmethodsandtoolsforembeddedreconfigurablesystems:AsurveyHeterogeneousreconfigurablesystemsprovidedrasticallyhigherperformanceandlowerpowerconsumptionthantraditionalCPU-centricsystems.Moreover,theydoitatmuchlowercostsandshorte

32、rtimestomarketthannon-reconfigurablehardwaresolutions.Theyalsoprovidetheflexibilitythatisoftenrequiredfortheengineeringofmodernrobustandadaptivesystems.Duetotheirheterogeneity,flexibilityandpotentialforhighlyoptimizedapplication-specificinstantiation,reconfigurablesystemsareadequateforaverybroadclas

33、sofapplicationsacrossdifferentindustrysectors.Whatpreventsthereconfigurablesystemparadigmfromabroadproliferationisthelackofadequatedevelopmentmethodologiesandelectronicsdesigntoolsforthiskindofsystems.Theidealwouldbeaseamlesscompilationofahigh-levelcomputationprocessspecificationintoanoptimizedmixtu

34、reofmachinecodeexecutedontraditionalCPU-centricprocessorsandontheapplication-specificdecentralizedparalleldata-flow-dominatedreconfigurableprocessorsandhardwareaccelerators.Althoughmuchresearchanddevelopmentinthisdirectionwasrecentlyperformed,theadequatemethodologiesandtoolsnecessarytoimplementthisc

35、ompilationprocessasaneffectiveandefficienthardware/softwareco-synthesisflowareunfortunatelynotyetinplace.Thispaperfocusesontherecentdevelopmentsanddevelopmenttrendsinthedesignmethodsandsynthesistoolsforreconfigurablesystems.Reconfigurablesystemsynthesisperformstwobasictasks:systemstructureconstructi

36、onandapplicationprocessmappingonthestructure.Itisthusmorecomplexthanstandard(multi-)processor-basedsystemsynthesisforsoftware-programmablesystemsthatonlyinvolvesapplicationmapping.Thesystemstructureconstructionmayinvolvethemacro-architecturesynthesis,themicro-architecturesynthesis,andtheactualhardwa

37、resynthesis.Also,theapplicationprocessmappingcanbemorecomplicatedanddynamicinreconfigurablesystems.Thispaperreviewstherecentmethodsandtoolsforthemacro-andmicro-architecturesynthesis,andfortheapplicationmappingofreconfigurablesystems.Itputsmuchattentiontotherelevantandcurrentlyhottopicof(re-)configur

38、ableapplication-specificinstructionsetprocessors(ASIP)synthesis,andspecifically,ASIPinstructionsetextension.ItalsodiscussesthemethodsandtoolsforreconfigurablesystemsinvolvingCPU-centricprocessorscollaboratingwithreconfigurablehardwaresub-systems,forwhichthemainproblemistodecidewhichcomputationproces

39、sesshouldbeimplementedinsoftwareandwhichinhardware,butthehardware/softwarepartitioninghastoaccountforthehardwaresharingbydifferentcomputationprocessesandforthereconfigurationprocesses.Thereconfigurablesystemareaisaverypromising,butquiteanewfield,withmanyopenresearchanddevelopmenttopics.Thepaperrevie

40、wssomeofthefuturetrendsinthereconfigurablesystemdevelopmentmethodsandtools.Finally,thediscussionofthepaperissummarizedandconcluded.ArticleOutlineIntroductionNeedofenablingdevelopmenttechnologyDevelopmentofembeddedRCsystemsPlatform-basedRCsystemdevelopmentPlatform-basedRCsystemarchitecturesynthesisAp

41、plicationanalysisandrestructuringApplicationanalysisRoleofcompilersinapplicationanalysis,parallelizationandhardwarecompilationEstimationofhardwareandsystemcharacteristicsMacro-architectureexplorationandsynthesisforRCsystemsMacro-architectureexplorationandsynthesisconceptsSchedulingandmappingofcomput

42、ationprocessesontemplateinstanceSpecificissuesofrun-timereconfigurablesystemsMicro-architectureexplorationandsynthesisforRCsystemsMicro-architectureexplorationandsynthesisconceptsHardwareacceleratordesignReconfigurableASIPdesignInstructionsetcustomizationCustominstructionidentificationCustominstruct

43、ionselectionRe-targetablecompilersConclusionGrid-connectedphotovoltaicpowersystems:TechnicalandpotentialproblemsreviewTraditionalelectricpowersystemsaredesignedinlargeparttoutilizelargebaseloadpowerplants,withlimitedabilitytorapidlyrampoutputorreduceoutputbelowacertainlevel.Theincreaseindemandvariab

44、ilitycreatedbyintermittentsourcessuchasphotovoltaic(PV)presentsnewchallengestoincreasesystemflexibility.Thispaperaimstoinvestigateandemphasizetheimportanceofthegrid-connectedPVsystemregardingtheintermittentnatureofrenewablegeneration,andthecharacterizationofPVgenerationwithregardtogridcodecompliance

45、.TheinvestigationwasconductedtocriticallyreviewtheliteratureonexpectedpotentialproblemsassociatedwithhighpenetrationlevelsandislandingpreventionmethodsofgridtiedPV.Accordingtothesurvey,PVgridconnectioninvertershavefairlygoodperformance.Theyhavehighconversionefficiencyandpowerfactorexceeding90%forwid

46、eoperatingrange,whilemaintainingcurrentharmonicsTHDlessthan5%.Numerouslarge-scaleprojectsarecurrentlybeingcommissioned,withmoreplannedforthenearfuture.PricesofbothPVandbalanceofsystemcomponents(BOS)aredecreasingwhichwillleadtofurtherincreaseinuse.Thetechnicalrequirementsfromtheutilitypowersystemside

47、needtobesatisfiedtoensurethesafetyofthePVinstallerandthereliabilityoftheutilitygrid.Identifyingthetechnicalrequirementsforgridinterconnectionandsolvingtheinterconnectproblemssuchasislandingdetection,harmonicdistortionrequirementsandelectromagneticinterferencearethereforeveryimportantissuesforwidespr

48、eadapplicationofPVsystems.Thecontrolcircuitalsoprovidessufficientcontrolandprotectionfunctionslikemaximumpowertracking,invertercurrentcontrolandpowerfactorcontrol.Reliability,lifespanandmaintenanceneedsshouldbecertifiedthroughthelong-termoperationofPVsystem.Furtherreductionofcost,sizeandweightisrequ

49、iredformoreutilizationofPVsystems.UsingPVinverterswithavariablepowerfactorathighpenetrationlevelsmayincreasethenumberofbalancedconditionsandsubsequentlyincreasetheprobabilityofislanding.ItisstronglyrecommendedthatPVinvertersshouldbeoperatedatunitypowerfactor.ArticleOutlineNomenclatureIntroductionGlo

50、ssaryoftermsandacronymsGlobalPVmoduleanditselectricalperformanceGrid-connectedPVsystemsPowervalueRatiobetweenloadandPVpowerPotentialproblemsassociatedwithhighpenetrationlevelsofgrid-tiedPVGrid-connectedinverterscontroltypesandharmonicperformanceHarmonics62InvertersoperationalanalysisIslandingdetecti

51、onmethodsPerformanceandreliabilityofinverterhardwareTheoverallconclusionandrecommendationAcknowledgementsReferencesEmbeddedsoftwaredebuggingusingvirtualfilesystemabstractionsSystemsArchitectureWepresentascalabletechniquetosimplifythesoftwaredebuggingprocessforembeddedsystemsthatisbasedontheuseofdist

52、ributedfilesystemabstractions.Inthistechnique,theprincipalbuildingblockswithinembeddedsystemscomprisingsystem-on-chip”(SoC)devicesexportdebugginginterfacesrealizedwithfilesystemabstractions.Thesefilesysteminterfacesarecomposedinamannerconsistentwiththehardwarehierarchyandprovideaportableinterfacetoc

53、oncurrentlydebugsoftwareexecutinginthevariousprocessingelementswithintheembeddedsystem.WeillustrateapplicationofthemodeltosupportthevarioussoftwaredebuggingrequirementsuniquetoSoCs,manyofwhichtraditionalmethodsareill-equippedtodealwith.Wealsopresentanarchitecturethatmaybeusedtorealizedistributedfile

54、systemabstractionswithinresourceconstrainedembeddedarchitectures.ArticleOutlineIntroductionPresentpracticeMethodologyAddressingSoCrequirementsPlan9modelAnillustrativeprototypeFilesystemimplementationDebuggerhardwareaccessImplementationEmbeddedfilesystemEFSimplementationMountfilesystemAddressingEFSli

55、mitations9PbridgeforhostaccessoffilesystemPartitioningfunctionalityFilesystem-centricpartitioningHost-centricpartitioningHybridsolutionsOptimizationsResultsPerformanceMemoryrequirementsAnalyzingfilesystemoverheadDiscussionRelatedworkConclusionReferencesVitaeConstructingtransmittinginterfaceofrunning

56、parametersofsmall-scaledwind-powerelectricitygeneratorwithWSNmodulesThemainpurposeofthispaperwastoexplorestrategiesofhowtodesigntheinterfacewithbrand-newtechniquesforcollectingrunningparametersofsmall-scaledwind-powerelectricitygeneratorsaswellasitsmonitoringandcontrollingGraphicInterfaceSystemsoftw

57、are.Affectedbyshortageofoilenergy,thewholeworldwaspositivelydevelopingrenewableenergysuchassolar,wind-power,biologic,tideetc.ForTaiwan,therenewableenergypolicywasactivelypushedbygovernmentandcivicorganizations,andhowtoencourageindustrialmanufacturerstoinvesttherelatedtechnologiesofrenewableenergy;fu

58、rthermore,toresearchanddevelopadvancedtechniquesinthisfieldsothatthosetechniquescouldcreateanotherprosperousbusinessforTaiwanafter3Cbusiness.Inthisstudy,WSN(WirelessSensorNetwork)anditsrelatedmodulessuchasZigBeeandBluetoothwouldbecombinedtogethertoconstructtransmittinginterfaceofrunningparametersofs

59、mall-scaledwind-powerelectricitygenerator.ThestudycontentincludedbuildingZigBeewirelessnetwork,communicationinterfacesofZigBeeandBluetoothwithmicroprocessor,codinganddecodingtechniquesofZigBeeandBluetooth,andsoftwareprogrammingofgraphicinterfacesystem(GIS).ThisstudywassponsoredbyTaiwanEducationMinistryunderTeachingSuperiorityProject,andthesystemimplementedinrealwind-powerelectricitygeneratorsystemandtheresearchoutcomeshasbeenprovedtobeverysuccessfulandstable.