1、IT in Education: Skills葉賜恩Yip Chee YanS.T.F.A. Lee Shau Kee College20001Aims and ObjectivesLearning to Know ( 學 會 認 知 )Learning to Do ( 學 會 做 事 )Learning to Live Together ( 學 會 共 處 )Learning to Be ( 學 會 做 人 )The Four Pillars of EducationUNESCO2The Four Pillars of EducationLearning to Know學 會 認 知3The

2、 Four Pillars of EducationThe rich are getting richer and the poor are getting poorerNot only in Wealthbut in Technologyand most importantly, in Knowledge.Trend in 21st Century4Learning to KnowThe irreversible trend towardsglobalization increased interdependence increased communicationis pushing all

3、 communitiesat varying stagesat varying speedstowards a new and unpredictable future.The Future Ahead5Learning to KnowThree Questions to AnswerWhat one needs to know ?(The content of learning will be different)How one gets to know ?(The process of learning will be different)Who does the knowing of l

4、earning ?(The learner will be different)6Learning to KnowWhat one needs to know?The Content of Learning will be Different7Learning to KnowThe Content of Learning As knowledge and discovery go ever faster forward, it can be said thatHalf of what students learn today will be obsolete in the next five

5、years or so, andhalf of what students need to know to succeed in the future has not been invented or developed yet.8Learning to KnowWhat one needs to knowIs not only changing rapidlybut also expanding exponentially.9Learning to KnowDifference in Way of LearningBeforeLearners were gatherers and class

6、ifiers of information.Nowwith multiple accessible sources of vast information already surrounding, the learner have to be the guide and sorters of information already gathered and classified. 10Learning to KnowThe Learner in the 21st centuryNo longer in the desert of ignorance looking for an oasis o

7、f knowledge somewhereRather, he is in an ocean of information11Learning to KnowThe Teacher in the 21st CenturyHe is no longera source of informationan oasis in the desertbut rather, he isa fellow passenger in the same boat,helping the student sort out and make sense of the information around him or

8、her.12Learning to KnowEducation in the 21st CenturyEducation must, as it were, simultaneously provide maps of a complex world in constant turmoil and the compass that will enable people to find their way in itSo that the learner is not overwhelmed by the information but that the learner can keep the

9、 development of individuals and communities at its end always in view.13Learning to KnowLearners work in the pastStudents has to scrounge around and seek every bit of relevant information he could found for his thesis.Searching is a major part of learning.14Learning to KnowLearners work in 21st Cent

10、uryAnybody in anywhere canaccess the greatest databases and libraries in the worldengage in chat rooms and discussion groups with the greatest minds.Learners task would not be an effort of searching, but an effort of filtering, choosing and selecting.15Learning to KnowLearners New EnvironmentThe lea

11、rner can no longer absorb most of the available knowledge on general matters.Omni-disciplinary is a receding target, no longer reachable in an information age.16Learning to KnowLearners LimitationIf a person is too narrow a specialist, it cuts him or her off from necessary wider communication and ot

12、her specific knowledge areas, at the intersection of which the best advances in knowledge and research take place17Learning to KnowLearner in needToday a really well-trained mind needsa broad backgroundthe opportunity to study a small number of subjects in depthBoth need to be encouraged during the

13、whole of a persons education.18Learning to KnowFoundation skillsBroad background enabling one to participate meaningfully in the community and in world society includeliteracynumeracybasic reasoning skills19Learning to KnowBeyond the foundation skillsWhat should we teach?We tell children to go to sc

14、hool because it will be useful to prepare them for the future.But what if we have a wrong idea of the future?So, the most important thing to know isHow to Know (Learning to Learn).20Learning to KnowSkills for Lifelong LearningBasic Skillsskills to acquire knowledgeskills to acquire literacy, numerac

15、y, analysisAdditional Skillsskills to analyse and organise the knowledgeskills to manage the knowledge and put it to good use.21Learning to KnowChallenge into the 21st CenturyWhether we will acquire the understanding and wisdom necessary to come to grips with the scientific revelations and progress

16、of the 20th century will be the most important challenge of the 21st century.Karl Sagan22Learning to KnowHow One Gets to Know?The Process of Learning Will Be Different23Learning to KnowNew Learning PathBefore: Linear PatternStudy, Work, Retire.Now: Cyclical PatternOne studies, worksthen goes back to

17、 study, or do other thingsthen changes jobsrepeat interchanging study, work and rest periods several times.24Learning to KnowNew Learning ModelThere is too much knowledge to learn all the time.Children still have to go to school and get degrees first - Assembly Line Style.Then, learn what is needed

18、from the open shelf of learning opportunities available at any time throughout life: Supermarket Style.25Learning to KnowParadigm ShiftSchool is no longer the only knowledge store.Students can get information from internet easily.Teachers change to be learning facilitators.26Learning to KnowDanger t

19、o the LearnersStudents encountering too much knowledge results in reducing learning to information absorptionforgetting learning social skills, ethical considerations, judgement and mental discipline27Learning to KnowNew PedagogyConcentrate less onrote memorydiscipline in classroomConcentrate more o

20、ninteractive social skillscultural skills28Learning to KnowWho Does the Knowing ?The LearnerWill Be Different29Learning to KnowThe Learner Will Be DifferentIf future generations are raised in an environment substantially different from oursIt must be assumed that they will think, act and be motivate

21、d in ways that are substantially different from us.30Learning to KnowGeneration XThe generation of teachers facing students in the classroom today should have recognized that they have been raised in an atmosphere that is different from the atmosphere and environment which their students (Generation

22、 X) were raised.31Learning to KnowUnderstanding Generation XGeneration X is raised in an atmosphere ofMcDonaldCable TVSatellite TVGeneration X think differently from their teachers.32Learning to KnowThe Nintendo GenerationThe teachers of tomorrow (Generation X) will face another generation (say, the

23、 Nintendo Generation) quite different from theirs:instant response video gamesvirtual realityfading of geographical limitations.The Nintendo generation thinks differently33Learning to KnowEnvironment of TomorrowInformation overloadinstant gratification, quick response is the normglobal competitivene

24、ss engenders a me first mentalitymessages are packaged in 30-second sound bites or video clipssustained attention is replaced by successive MTV-type bombardment of imagesprinted word, indeed the logical thought process is replaced by colourful images.34Learning to KnowEffective Teaching in TomorrowU

25、nless the teachers of the future (Generation X) understand how the Nintendo Generation thinks and learns and is motivated, they will not be effective teachers.35Learning to KnowLearning to Do學 會 做 事36The Four Pillars of EducationWhat is Learning to Do?Learning to do is to acquire the ability toconve

26、rt knowledge to workface difficultyresolve conflictshoulder risk37Learning to DoNature of DoingDoing iscombining theory and realityconverting knowledge into daily life activities38Learning to DoObjective of Learning to DoEducational Objectivecater for individual needs, abilities and potentialitiesEc

27、onomic Objectivecater for societal needs and employment requirements39Learning to DoLearning to do activity in schoolshould be in harmony with relevant work ethics and codes of conductshould promote traits such asteamwork, attainment of communication skills, creativity, critical thinking, precision,

28、 waste control, adherence to safety standards and regulations, and appreciation of environmental issues.40Learning to DoLearning to Do, Doing to LearnDoing results in experience, which becomes part of our knowledgeExperience raises the problem solving ability, and build up confidence in dealing with

29、 adverse conditions.Solving new problems will lead to adaptation to new environment. 41Learning to DoThe Challenge aheadEducate the students so that they cando what they learned.learn to do, and do to learn by themselvesTurn them into an adaptive workereager to learn, eager to solve existing problem

30、s and eager to solve new problems.eager to raise their ability, and their academic and professional standard throughout their life. 42Learning to DoLearning to Live Together學 會 共 處43The Four Pillars of EducationLearning to Live Together implies learning to know yourself and othersLearning to live to

31、gether implies learning to know himself / herself, to know others, to discover others and to understand others. To live together in a peaceful way, as nations, peoples, organisations, institutions and individuals, we have to know others histories, geographies, religions, cultural values and, one mus

32、t first know oneself.44Learning to Live TogetherLearning to live together implies respecting others on the basis of equityEqual rights should be assured regardless of sex, race, ethnicity, age, economic status, religious beliefs, and physical disabilities. Do not impose on others what you yourself d

33、o not want to be imposed on. Confucius. 45Learning to Live TogetherLearning to live together implies tolerance of differences and resolution of conflicts through dialoguesSeeking commonalties while retaining differences. Chinese philosophy.46Learning to Live TogetherLearning to live together implies

34、 learning to effectively express oneself and to effectively communicate with others.Communication means expressing and conveying ones thought to others and doing things together with others.47Learning to Live TogetherLiving together is also Learning togetherLiving experience in a different cultural

35、setting is also a cross-cultural learning experience.48Learning to Live TogetherLearning to live together refers toNot only social relationshipsbut also to relationship between man and naturebetween human being and his/her environment.Mankind is not to combat and conquer nature but has to learn to l

36、ive with nature. 49Learning to Live TogetherLearning to live together meansLearning to care and to sharecaring not only for oneself, but for the family, friends, and peers; for other people.Caring for socioeconomic and ecological welfare of the societycare for other living speciescare for the livabi

37、lity of our common planetcare for the pursuit of truth, good and beautycare for learning throughout life50Learning to Live TogetherLearning to live together implies learning to cooperate with othersA common concept of people learn occupational skill for higher productivity to earn a better living is

38、 Increasing competitiveness in the marketHowever, in the climate of market-driven economy, characterised by competition, or even relentless competition, there is really a need to encourage a spirit of cooperation.51Learning to Live TogetherHow to facilitate and implement Learning to live togetherWe

39、have to reconcile the value of :Competition - to provide incentives and assure efficiency.Cooperation - to give strength.Solidarity - to unite forces.52Learning to Live TogetherBroader view of EducationEducation could no longer be interpreted as a transmission of factual knowledge, specific skills,

40、or capacity development for economic potentialEducation should be interpreted as a total experience, encompassing affective, aesthetic and cultural aspects.53Learning to Live TogetherUse of IT tool in learning to live togetherFull and creative use of the Internet and intranet as powerful tools of le

41、arning and communicationDiscussion groups, ICQ, chat rooms, email can be encouraged for students to live with others in a Global Village and becoming World citizens.54Learning to Live TogetherLearning to Be學 會 做 人55The Four Pillars of EducationLearning to Be the last but far from the leastLearning t

42、o Be implies everyone will need to exercise independence and judgement combined with a stronger sense of personal responsibility for the attainment of common goals.56Learning to BeFrom Learning to KnowledgeLearning is said to take place when the learner acquires something of value which would enable

43、 him or her to function outside his/her personal limits.Culmination of learning involve the acquisition of knowledge.57Learning to BeFrom Knowledge to WisdomThrough a lifelong process of acquiring knowledge and skills of different levels, a person acquires Wisdom, the highest level of knowing, implying the proper and beneficial use of knowledge including the ability to conserve and diligently use resources.58Learning to BeTeaching Learning to BeOur education should be preparing people to have strong cultural identities, who know who they are,