1、(最新整理)一般過去時、現在完成時與一般現在時的區別(1)2021/7/261 現在完成時與 一般過去時 、 一般現在時 的區別2021/7/262（一）一般過去時態、現在完成時態、一般現在時的概念一般過去時表示在過去某個時間發生的動作或存在的狀態，也表示過去經?；蚍磸桶l生的動作，常與yesterday、 yesterday afternoon、 the day before yesterday 、last year、in 1965、 a moment ago 、 just now 等表示過去的具體的時間狀語連用。例如：He came here yesterday.2021/7/263現在完成

2、時表示過去的動作（或狀態）對現在產生的影響和結果常與ever， never， before , twice, already ,just， yet， so far， since, for ， up to now， in past years 等，皆不確定或模糊的時間狀語連用。 例如He has just broken his bottle.2021/7/264一般現在時表示經常性，習慣性的動作或存在的狀態. 通常與副詞sometimes, often, usually, always, every day (year, month ), once (twice, three times) a

3、day,等時間狀語連用。They usually go to school by bike.I take the medicine three times a day.She helps her mother once a week.He often watches Tv. Mary likes reading interesting stories Marys father is a policeman.There are 50 students in my class.2021/7/265(二）一般過去時態、現在完成時和一般現在時的區別）現在完成時是表示過去的動作與現在的聯系，主要說明的是

4、現在的情況和狀態；而一般過去時則強調動作發生在過去某一時間，與現在不發生聯系。一般現在時表示經常性，習慣性的動作或存在的狀態.與過去沒有關系。例如：We havent seen him since last year. 我們自從去年以來一直未見到他（現在還未見到）We didnt see him last year. 我們去年沒見到他.（現在不一定未見到）I often see him.(現在經常見到)2021/7/266）現在完成時表示從過去發生一直持續到現在（包括現在）的某個動作或狀態，與現在有關的時間狀語連用，一般過去時表示過去某一特定（與現在無關）的時間，與具體的表示過去的時間狀語連用

5、。例如：He has lived here since he was born. 自他出生以來一直居住在這兒。（since 自從以來，與現在有關，說明他還居住在這兒。）Liu Mei went to see her grandmother last night . 劉梅昨晚去看了他外婆。（只說明昨晚）2021/7/267例如：We are good friends(現在情況) 我們是好朋友。I got to know him in 2005. (過去的動作) 我在2005年認識（結識）他We have known each other since 2005. (現在完成時把過去的動作和現在聯系

6、起來并著眼于現在) 自從2005年來我們就相互認識。2021/7/268（三）值得注意幾個問題）動作發生在過去，一直持續到說話的時候，并且還在延續時，要用現在完成時。例如：We have studied English for two years. 我們學英語兩年了）指過去的經歷，但沒有表示過去的時間狀語，要用現在完成時。例如：I have been to Shanghai twice . 我曾去過上海兩次）句子中如有過去時的時間副詞（如yesterday ,last week, in 1960）時,不能使用現在完成時，要用過去時。Tom wrote a letter to his paren

7、ts last night. 4）以When開頭的特殊疑問句，要用一般過去時。例如：When did you lose your pen? 你什么時候丟了鋼筆？2021/7/2695）just (剛剛）與現在完成時連用，just now (剛才）與一般過去時連用。例如：The train has just gone. 火車剛剛離開。The train left here just now. 火車是剛才離開。6）since 作介詞，后面跟時間名詞一起作狀語時，句子要用現在完成時；since 作連詞，引導狀語從句時，主句用現在完成時，從句用一般過去時。7）so far，in the last /

8、past 與現在完成時連用。例如 ：So far，many countries have sent up satellites into space. In the last 30 years， our lives have changed a lot.He has worked in this factory since 1996.I have known him since he was a child.2021/7/2610 (四） 現在完成時應注意的四個區別 1）延續性動詞與短暫性動詞的區別。 2）since 和 for 的區別。3）have / has gone to； have /

9、 has been to；have / has been in 的區別。4) already和yet 的區別2021/7/2611 A、leave been away from buyhave borrowkeep diebe dead get upbe up turn onbe on come / get backbe back go to townbe in town finishbe over catch a coldhave a cold closebe closed / not open openbe open fall ill / asleep be ill / asleep be

10、gin /startbe on get /receive a letter fromhave a letter fromB、come to be here / there arrive in （at）/ get to / reachbe here / there join the Army-be in the Army/ be a soldier join the League-be in the League / be a league member（五）延續性動詞和短暫性動詞轉換歸納2021/7/2612He died 10 years ago. - He _ _ _ for 10 yea

11、rs / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He _ _ the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a month ago. -He _ _ the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He _ _ here since three days ago.5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - The light _ _ _ for 2

12、hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He _ _ _ from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago. - The film _ _ _ for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door _ _ _ for an hour.10. He joined the army last year.

13、- He _ _ a _ for a year. - He _ _ _ the army for a year. - It _ a year _ he joined the army. 延續性動詞和瞬間性動詞之間的轉化2021/7/2613He died 10 years ago. - He has been dead for 10 years / since 10 years ago.2. He borrowed the book 2 weeks ago. - He has kept the book for 2 weeks.3. He bought the motorbike a mont

14、h ago. -He has had the motorbike for a month.4. He arrived here three days ago. - He has been here since three days ago.5. They turned on the light 2 hours ago. - The light has been on for 2 hours.6. He left here 2 years ago. - He has been away from here for 2 years.7. The film began 30 minutes ago.

15、 - The film has been on for 30 minutes.8. They opened the door an hour ago. - The door has been open for an hour.9. They closed the door an hour ago. - The door has been closed for an hour.10. He joined the army last year. - He has been a soldier for a year. - He has been in the army for a year. - I

16、t is a year since he joined the army. 延續性動詞和瞬間性動詞之間的轉化 (keys)2021/7/2614for和since的運用since表“自從以來”。1)since+時間點Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+ 時間段+ agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+ 從句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere. 2021/7/2615for+ 時間段He has kept the book for 2 weeks.例如： for: (長達）1. He

17、hasstayedherefor3hours.2. Hehasstayedheresince3hoursago.3. Hehasstayedheresince3oclock.4.HehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.2021/7/2616Fill in the blanks with “for” or “since”:We have had the new computer _ a week.How long have you studied English? I have studied English _ I was five.3. How long has

18、he taught in this school? He has taught in this school _ 1998.4. How long have you known each other? We have known each other _ over ten years.5. How long have you kept your pet dog? I have kept it _ two years ago. I have kept it _ two years.sincesinceforsinceforfor2021/7/2617James has been in Canad

19、a _ Monday.James has been in Canada _ four days.James came to Canada four days _.My aunt has lived in Brazil _ 15 years.My aunt moved to Brazil 15 years _.She has lived in Brazil _ 15 years _.Mike has been in hospital _ October.Mike has been in hospital _ two monthsMike came to the hospital two mont

20、hs _He has been in hospital _ two months _填上since ,for或者ago.sinceforagoforagosince agosinceforagosince ago2021/7/2618They got married six months _. They has been married _ six months.They have been married _ 6 months _.I first met Susan two years _.I have known Susan _ two years.I have known Susan _

21、 two years ago.Sue is in the office. Shes been there _ three hours.Sue came to the office three hours _.Sue has been in the office _ 3 hours _.agoforsince agoagoforsinceforagosince ago2021/7/2619 have gone to have been to have been in去了某地，不在這里曾經去過某地,已回來呆在某地（多長時間）She isnt here. She has gone to the re

22、ading- room.She has been to Shanghai twice/once/before.She has been in Beijing for two years.2021/7/2620have (has) gone to 意為“到某地去了”，表示到了某地或正在去某地的途中?？傊?，說話時該人不在現場，一般不用第一、第二人稱代詞作句子的主語。 -Where is Tom?湯姆在哪里？ -He has gone to the bookshop.他到書店去了。Father has gone to Hong Kong. Hell be back in a week. 爸爸到香港去

23、了, 一星期后 回來2021/7/2621II. have (has) been to表示“曾經去過某地”，現在已經不在那里了。可以與just, ever, never等連用。I have just been to the post office. 我剛剛去過郵局。Tim has never been to the Great Wall. 瑪麗從未去過長城。Have you ever been to Hangzhou? 你曾經去過杭州嗎？2021/7/2622have (has) been to 后面可接次數，表示去過某地幾次。 I have been to Beijing three tim

24、es. 我去過北京三次。They have been to that Happy Valleys several times. 他們去過歡樂谷好幾次了 2021/7/2623have (has) been in 表示“在某地呆多長時間”，常與表示一段時間的狀語連用。Mr. Brown has been in Shanghai for three days. 布朗先生來上海已經有三天了。They have been in Canada for five years. 他們到加拿大有五年了 We have been in Shenzhen Middle School Junior Campus f

25、or over two months.我們在深中初中部兩個多月了.2021/7/2624用have/has gone to, have/has been to或have/has been in 填空。1.Bill is on holiday at the moment. He _ Spain.has gone to2. “Wheres Lily?” “Shes not here.I think she _ to the bank.”has gone to3. Hello, Sue. Where _ you _? _ you _ _ the bank?have beenHave been to

26、4. Tim is in hopital. He _ hospital for five days. has been in2021/7/26255. “How long _ she _ _ England?” “She _ _ _ England since Monday.” for three days. has been inhas been to6. My father _ _ _ Shanghai twice.has been in7. I can find Susan. Where _ she _?8. Oh, Hello Susan! I was looking for you.

27、 Where _ you _?has gone have been 2021/7/2626already和yet 的區別already常用于肯定句中或句末；yet常用于一般疑問句或否定句末。但表驚訝時already也可用于疑問句。例如：1.Tomhasalreadyfinishedhishome-work.2.Tomhasntfinishedhishomework yet.3.What! Haveyoualreadyfinishedit?2021/7/2627Shall we eat lunch? I am _ hungry.Have you met our foreign teacher _

28、? No, not _.Has the bell rung _?Yes, It has _ rung.The computer has not been repaired _.We have _ changed the plan because Linda hasnt made up her mind _.Have you ordered the takeaway food _?Yes. We have _ ordered it.alreadyyetyetyetalreadyalreadyyetyetalreadyyetFill in already or yet when needed202

29、1/7/2628 Correct the mistakes in the following sentences.1、Tom has got up for half an hour.2 、Liu Mei has joined the League for three years.3、The train has reached the station since 10 minutes ago.4、The little girl has fallen asleep for four hours.5、When have you cleaned the classroom? Its clean now

30、.6、How long have you caught a cold?7、She has got ten letters from her mother since last week.火眼金睛been upbeen inbeen atbeen asleepdidcleanhadhad2021/7/2629Multiple choice.( ) 1. Has your brother found his lost car _? - No, he hasnt. A. still B. already C. just D. yet( ) 2. The visitors _ here for a w

31、eek. A. have left B. have come C. have arrived D. have been( ) 3. Where _ you _ all these years, Jim? A. have, been B. did , be C. were, been D. did, stay( ) 4. Ive _ this dictionary _ a year. A. bought, for B. had, for C. bought, since D. had, sinceDDAB2021/7/2630( ) 5. You _ here before, _ you? A.

32、 never are, are B. never came, do C. have never been, have D. were never, were( ) 6. The doctor _ to Beijing twice. A. has gone B. has been C. went D. goes( ) 7. My mother has _ made a big mooncake herself. A. already B. yet C. just D. always( ) 8. -Mr Green is no longer working here. He _ here for a month. A.has gone B. has left C. has been away from D. leftCBAC2021/7/2631( ) 9._you _ the film before ? Where _ you _ it ? A. Ha