1、初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育Unit 1 重點知識講解Grammar 一、 情態動詞（ Modal Verbs）情態動詞 should 意為“ 應該，應當”，必須和后面的動詞原形一起構成謂語，沒有人稱和數的變化。用以表達職責和義務、提出勸告，而且表述的是自己的主觀看法。1.should 的句式結構結構例句句式肯定句主語 +should+do They should eat a balaced diet. 他們應該平衡飲食。否定句主語 +should not +do They shouldn t eat too much. 他們不該吃得太多。一般疑問句

2、-Should + 主語+do+ ? -It s too cold. Should I close the -yes, 主語 +should. window? -No, 主語 +shouldnt. 太冷了，我該關上窗戶嗎？-Yes, you _./No, you _. 是的，你應該。/不，你不應該。2.should 的用法用法 例句表示勸告、建議 You _ answer the question in English. 你應該用英語回答這個問題。表示推測 They _ be at home now, I think. 我認為，他們現在應該在家。表示驚訝、贊嘆、不滿等 How _ I know

3、 it? 我怎么知道這間事情呢？注意： should 在以 why， who， how 等疑問詞開頭的問句中，意為“ 竟然，居然，怎么會”，表示意外、驚喜或在說話人看來是不可思議的。二、 其他表示建議的句型用法 例句Shall we/I + do+ ? What/How about+doing/sth ? Shall we _ for a walk? 咱們去散步好嗎？What about _ swimming? 去游泳怎么樣？Lets + do ? Lets _ and _ them.咱們去看看他們吧。You d/We d better (not) + do ? Why don t you +

4、 do ? We _ _ wait a little longer. 我們最好再稍等一會兒。Why dont you _ a walk outside? 為什么不出去散步呢？Why not + do ? Why _ _ a walk outside? 為什么不出去散步呢？三、 反身代詞表示反射或強調的代詞叫做反身代詞。反身代詞是由第一人稱、第二人稱形容詞性物主代詞或第三人稱代詞的賓格形式，詞尾加self 或 selves 組成。反身代詞可譯“ 本人”、“ 本身” ，為加強語氣，也常翻譯為“ 親初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育自” 、“ 自己” 。不定人稱

5、代詞one-oneself. 1、反身代詞的分類單數數人稱第一人稱第二人稱第三人稱myself yourself Himself,herself,itself 復數ourselves yourselves themselves 2、反身代詞的用法用法說明例句作動詞的賓語常用于 enjoy,teach,hurt,buy, He is teaching _ English. introduce,dress,help, 他在自學英語。look after, get dressed 作賓語We enjoyed _ last night. 昨天晚上我們玩得很開心。做介詞的賓語常用于in,on,with,

6、of,after,by作賓She lives by _ in the 語countryside. 她一個人生活在鄉下。做同位語強調作用、加強語氣Did you make the cake _? 這蛋糕是你親自做的嘛？Mr. Black _ is a lawyer. 布萊克先生本人就是一名律師。做表語強調“ 自己”Just be _.做你自己就好了。Mary hasnt quite been _ recently.瑪麗最近有些不對勁。單詞的用法Section A 1. Whats the matter?怎么了？該句常用詢問某人患了何種疾病或遇到了什么麻煩，其后用 with 引出對象。1). Wh

7、ats the matter with sb.? =whats wrong with sb.? =whats the trouble/problem with sb.? =whats ones trouble/problem? e.g. Whats the matter with Tom?=what s _ with Tom? =Whats the _ with Tom?=What s Tom s _? 2). matter, 名詞，“ 問題，事情”e.g. We have important _(matter) to discuss. 我們有些重要的問題要討論。3). 動詞，“ 要緊，關系重

8、大”e.g. It dosent _ that you came late. 2. I have a cold.我感冒了。1).have/get/catch a cold “感冒，著涼 ”初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育The old man _ a cold yesterday.那位老人昨天感冒了。2). “have +a/an +疾病名稱 ”意為“ 得了 .病”have a fever, have a cough,have a headache3.I have a sore back.我背痛。 痛”“ I have a sore + 身體部位” 意為

9、“辨析 sore 和 ache 4.sore 形容詞， 意為“ 疼痛的； 酸痛的”sore feet ache 用于身體部位名詞前sore leg sore throat 名詞，構成復合詞headache; stomachache lie down and and rest. 1).lie 的不同含義及詞性變化單詞詞性詞義現在分詞過去式過去分詞lie 動詞躺；平躺lying lay Lain lie 動詞說謊lying lied Lied lie 名詞謊言無無無Katy _ (lie) on the bed and read the letter last night. 凱蒂昨晚躺在床上看書。

10、He _(lie) to me about the result. 對于結果他對我說了謊。2). rest 動詞，“ 休息，放松”May him rest in peace. have/take a rest 休息，放松 =rest 5. You need to take breaks away from the computer. take breaks = take/have a break 休息We are _ a break under the tree.我們正在樹下休息。6.Yeah，I think I sat in the same way for too long without

11、 moving.是的，我想我以同樣的姿勢一動不動地坐太久了。1). In the same way:以同樣的方式，以相同的方式 She worked out the math problem in the same way. 2).without 為介詞，意為“ 無，沒有，不”You can t buy things _ money! 你沒有錢就買不了東西。He left without _ anything. 他什么都沒有說就離開了。7. When the driver saw an old man lying on the side og the road. 這時，司機看到路邊躺著一位老人

12、。see/watch/notice/hear sb.doing sth. see/watch/notice/hear sb.do sth. 強調看到 /聽到的動作的正在進行 強調看到 /聽到的動作的完整性e.g. I often _ him _ in the garden last month. 上個月，我總是看到他在花園里干活。(強調全過程 ) I _ him _ in the garden when I passed by yersterday. 昨天我看見他正在花園里干活。(強調動作正在進行 ) 8. He expected most or all the passengers to g

13、et off and wait for the next bus. 1).expect +名詞 /代詞 “ 期待；預料”I am _ a phone call from her.我正在等她的電話。2).expect to do sth. She expects to go there next week. 她期望下周去那里。3).expect sb. to do sth. He expected her to go with him. 初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育4).expect +that 從句I expect that hell come ba

14、ck tomorrow. 9. But to my surprise, they all agreed to go with him. 1). to one s surprise “使 驚訝的是，出乎 意料 ”_ my _(surprise), he refused to cooperate with us. 讓我驚訝的是，他拒絕與我們合作。2). agree “ 同意”a. agree to do sth. “同意做某事 ”b. agree with sb. c. agree on sth. “就某事達成一致 ”e.g. My mother agreed _(buy) me a new pe

15、n. I entirely agree _ you. We agree _ the question. 10.辨析 thanks to /thanks for “多虧，由于 ”， to 是介詞，其后接名詞、代詞或thanks to doing thanks for “因 而感謝 ”，for 后接感謝的原因，常為名詞或 doing 形式，Thanks _ you, I am not lost. 幸虧你我才沒有迷路。Thanks _ sending me such a nice gift. 謝謝你寄給我這么好的一個禮物。造成麻煩（或煩惱）;陷入困境 ” trouble 是不可數名詞。11. get

16、 into trouble be in trouble 再麻煩和困境中”e.g. Lisa _ _ trouble when she climed the mountain. Let us help the people who are _ _. 12. Did you fall down? fall-fell-fallen fall down 意為“ 倒下” ，強調的是“ 滑倒，倒下”，不能直接跟賓語，加from 連接賓語， fall down from ，表示“ 從 摔下”fall off “跌落 ”，強調的是“ 從某處跌落，摔下來”=fall down from e.g. The dog

17、 _ down dead.那條狗倒下去死了。The boy _ _ _ the tree and broke his legs. The girl _ _ the bike. Section B 1. Someone felt sick. Sick;生病的，惡心的。ill 也是生病的，也可表示品質惡劣的 辨析 sick 和 ill sick 既可以作定語，也可以用作表語。表語時“ 惡心的”ill 既可以作定語，也可以用作表語。作定語時：表示“ 品質惡劣的”e.g. Everytime I get on a boat, I feel _. He is an _ student, because

18、he smokes and drinks. I have to look after my _ sister home at home today. 2.Someone got hit on the head.有人頭部受到了撞擊。“ 某身體部位受到了撞擊”1).get hit 為系表結構： get hit +on/in +the+ 身體部位的名詞，表示初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育e.g. The police officer _ _on the shoulder. 這位警官的肩膀受到了撞擊。2). hit, “ 打擊，擊中 ” 如果強調 “ 集中某人

19、的部位”可以用 “ hit sb. on/in the + 身體部位”e.g. The bullet hit him on the back. 子彈擊中了他的后背。3).hit 可以做名詞，“ 轟動一時的成功的人或事；風靡一時的作品”。e.g. The song was a hit at once. 3. have problems breathing 1). breathe, a.動詞“ 呼吸”e.g. He was breathing hard when he finished the race. b. 名詞， breath，沒有“e”take a deep breath 深呼吸； hol

20、d one s breath 屏住呼吸2). have problems (in) doing sth. “做某事有困難或麻煩”e.g. I have _ _ English. 我學習英語有困難。4. 辨析 be used to doing/ be used to do /used to do be used to doing 意為“ 習慣于”，to 是介詞 +名詞 /doing be used to do 意為“ 被用來做 ” to 為不定式符號 +do 原形used to do 意為“ 過去常常”， to 為不定式符號 +do 原形e.g. I am _ to _ up early.我習慣

21、早起。A pen is _ to _.鋼筆是用來寫字的。He _ to _ books for an hour every day.他過去常常每天讀一個小時的書。5. find + 賓語 + 賓補1). find 賓語 adj. We found him dishonest. 我們發現他不誠實。2).find 賓語 doing We found him _others homework. 我們發現他在抄別人作業。3).find 賓語 副詞和介詞短語 I am so glad to find you _. 我很高興發現你在家。I found the clothes _ _ style. 我發現這

22、些衣服過時了。6. 辨析 run out/run out of 用盡，耗盡run out “ 動詞 +副詞 ”結構。相當于不及物動詞，后面不接賓語，主語通常是“ 事物”時間，金錢等run out of “ 動詞 +副詞 +介詞” 結構。相當于及物動詞， 后面可以接賓語， 主語通常是 “ 人”Our money is _ out. 我們的錢快用光了。We are running out _ money. 我們的錢快用光了。7. 辨析 so that /so that so that “ 以 便 ， 為 了 ”=in order that, 引 導 目 的 狀 語 從 句 ， 常 與can,cou

23、ld,may,might,will,would,should 等情態動詞或助動詞。so.that “ 如此 以至于”,引導結果狀語從句，so 為副詞， +adj/adv;that 后跟從句。可以與 enough to do 和 too to do 進行同義句轉換。e.g. They got up early _ _ they could catch the early bus. Say slowy _ _ I can follow you. Tom ran _ fast _ I couldn t catch up with him. =Tom ran _ fast _ catch up wit

24、h. 8. so that 用法。1). so + adj./adv. +that 2).so + adj. +(+a/an)+n.+that 3). so + many/much/few/little +n.that e.g. The ceiling is so high that we couldn t reach. 天花板如此高，我們夠不著。初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育His son is so tall a man that he almost reaches the ceiling.他兒子那么高，幾乎夠到天花板了。Kate had so m

25、any falls that she was black and blue all over.凱特跌倒了好多次，摔得身體青一款紫一塊。9. give up 放棄1). “ 動詞 +副詞” 代詞做賓語，代詞放中間。give it/them/him/her up 2). give up doing its good for you to give up _. 戒煙對你有好處。10. I hurt myself playing soccer. playing soccer 現在分詞做伴隨狀語。表示動作同時發生。其邏輯主語為句子的主語。e.g. I stayed up late yesterday,

26、_ for a test. 昨天我為測驗熬夜學習到很晚。初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育重點精準檢測一、單項選擇。（ ） 1. The pear is too big for me. Let me _ a part for you. A. cut down B. cut off C cut up D. cut in （ ） 2. Grace bought a lot of new clothes and _ all her money. A. run out B. run out of C. ran of D. ran out of （）3. Your

27、temperature is 39 C. Maybe you _. A. have a cold B. have a headache C. have a fever D. have a sore back （）4. Did you catch your plane? Yes. We got there just _. A. on the time B. at times C. in time D. in the time （）5. Sue came to the small town five years ago and she _ here now. A. is used to live

28、B. is used to living C. used to living D. used to live （）6. To _ surprise, the five-year-old boy can sing so many English songs. A. my B. me C. I D. mine （）7. Emma likes dancing and she keeps on _ every day. A. dancing B. dances C. dance D. to dance （）8. What happened _ you yesterday? I hurt myself

29、in P.E. class. A. to B. on C. at D. with （）9. Jim is always so busy _ he has little time for his family. A. if B. until C. that D. when （）10. Hi, John, _? My dogs leg is hurt.A. How are you B. What s the matter C. Who s that D. What s Lucy like 二、用括號內所給詞的適當形式填空。1. Look! A dog is _ （lie） by the side

30、of the road. t need others help.2. The little girl usually finishes her homework by _ （her） anti doesn3. When I came into the library, I saw him _ （read） a book there. 4. Mr. Green agreed _ （help） me with my math. 5. You arc late for school again. I think you should _ 6. What does he mean _ （do）? （g

31、et） up early tomorrow. 初二英語下Unit 1 What s the matter? 馬思特教育7. Did you make a _ （ decide） to study medicine? 8. Mr. Li put so many _ （knife ） into his bag. 9. My dream is to be a _ （climb ） one day. 10. The little dogs _ （die） made me very sad. 三、根據首字母或漢語提示完成下列句中所缺的單詞。1. Susan took her temperature an

32、d found she had a high f_. 2. I have a t_ and I cant eat anything.3. You look so tired, so you need to have a r_. 4. Tony usually plays games with his classmates during the b_ between two classes. 5. I have a s_ throat so I cant say a word.6. We usually walk with our _ （腳）and see with our eyes. 7. I

33、 m feeling terrible. I have a _ （胃痛） . 8. The river is too deep, but Tom and Tony take _ （冒險）of swimming there. 9. Alex got hurt in the car accident and lost much _（血） . 10. Kates mother works in a hospital. She s a _（護士） . 四、根據漢語提示完成下列句子。1.他下了火車，然后就回家了。He _ _ the train and then went home. 2.多虧了那位老人

34、，我們找到了回家的路。_ _ the old man, we found our way home. 3.請記住當你生氣的時候，不要做決定。Please remember not to _ _ _ when you are angry. 4.為了能趕上火車，我六點鐘就出發了。I left at six _ _ I could catch the train. 5.為了成功你不得不去冒險。You have to _ _ in order catch to succeed. 五、用方框中所給詞的適當形式填空（有兩個多余）。hurt lie different seem cough knife break decide advise trouble risk high John likes to do sport very much. His favorite sport is mountain climbing. Last spring, he made a big 1. _ to climb M