1、教師輔導(dǎo)教案學(xué)員編號(hào):學(xué)員姓名:輔導(dǎo)科目：英語學(xué)科教師:授課類型C語法專題之閱讀理解-推理判斷題（上）教學(xué)目標(biāo)培養(yǎng)學(xué)生在理解原文表面文字信息的基礎(chǔ)上,做出一定判斷和推論，從而得到文章的隱課時(shí)數(shù)：3含意義和深層意義的能力。授課日期及時(shí)段教學(xué)內(nèi)容C-閱讀理解-推理判斷題（上）專題一,革席開門（建議5分鐘）起來做道題吧;考考你下一個(gè) 字母是什么？2、5、8,是一個(gè)公差為3的等差數(shù)批注：這是一道簡(jiǎn)單的公務(wù)員推理題，考查學(xué)生的觀察能力和邏輯思維能力。此題初看可能會(huì)從字母的部分構(gòu)成來考慮，實(shí)則不然。第一套圖在字母表里所處的位置為列，第二套圖的字母所處的位置為9、12,由第一套圖的規(guī)律可得，下一個(gè)字母所處的

2、位置應(yīng)該為 15。15所對(duì)應(yīng)的字母為 O。故正確答案為 Bo題型解讀本節(jié)重點(diǎn)二、壽富苛異(建議15分鐘)4-、題型特點(diǎn)與命題方式設(shè)題類型：批注高中英語閱讀理解中常見的推理題分類,其中第1、2點(diǎn)為頻率較高題型果推斷猜測(cè)想象寫作意細(xì)節(jié)推31這類題屬于 主觀題，是層次較高的設(shè)題。它包括判斷和推理題。兩類題常常相互依存，推理是為了得出正確的判斷，正確的判斷又依賴于合乎邏輯的推理。推理題所涉及的內(nèi)容可能是文中某一句話，也可是某幾句話，但做題的指導(dǎo)思想都是以文字信息為依據(jù)，既不能做出在原文中找不到文字根據(jù)的推理，也不能根據(jù)表面文字信息做多步推理。推理題的答案只能是根據(jù)原文表面文字信息一步推出的答案：即對(duì)原

3、文某一句話或某幾句話所作的同義改寫(paraphrase)或綜合。高中英語閱讀理解-推理判斷題解題技中設(shè)問形式：It can be inferred/ concluded that.?Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage?In which of the following publication would this passage most likely be printed?The passageimplies , but doesn't directly state that

4、.?The writer suggests that.?What's the author's attitude toward ?The writer probably feels that.?The author uses the examples of. to show tha t.?批注：推理判定題要在閱讀理解整體語篇的基礎(chǔ)上，把握文章的真正內(nèi)涵，注意上面標(biāo)注的常用推斷詞，在給學(xué)生講述這些詞的時(shí)候，教學(xué)生如何判斷推斷題型，作者的出題角度是什么。用解題思路:1 .首先，吃透文章的字面意思，從字里行間捕捉有用的提示和線索，這是推理的前提和基礎(chǔ)2 .然后，對(duì)文字的表面信息挖掘加

5、工，由表入里，由淺入深，從具體到抽象，通過分析、綜 合、判定等，進(jìn)行深層處理，符合邏輯地推理。3 .忠實(shí)于原文，以文章提供的事實(shí)和線索為依據(jù)。不能主觀臆想，憑空想象，隨意揣測(cè) k I4 .最后，把握句、段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，了解語篇的結(jié)構(gòu)。要體會(huì)文章的基調(diào)， 揣摸作者的態(tài)度, 摸準(zhǔn)邏輯發(fā)展的方向，悟出作者的弦外之音。由技巧點(diǎn)撥專*二' 推理題題型分類解讀根據(jù)細(xì)節(jié)進(jìn)行推理，必須吃透V 相關(guān)文段的意思小碗節(jié)將理順細(xì)節(jié)推理題細(xì)節(jié)推理題解題步驟：查讀細(xì)節(jié)原文依據(jù)分析評(píng)價(jià)推理判斷典型例題It is fun to turn over a big rock on the beach. Make sure

6、 you turn the rock back to the position it was in after you moved it. If you don ' t turn it back over（批注：需要turn over的對(duì)象是rock ,那么如果你不將石頭搬開, 所有在石頭下面或者依附在石頭下面的海生動(dòng)物都難免于難，所以石頭為了避免這種事情發(fā)生，所有石頭 者B不會(huì)出現(xiàn)在海灘上） all the sea animals under it or clinging to （依附）the underside will die .The passage implies that

7、rocks.A. hurt sea animalsB. protect sea animalsC. won ' t be found on beachesD. can ' t be found on beaches【答案】：C【解題思路】：從原文細(xì)節(jié)中可以看出，本段推斷出不會(huì)在海岸上看到石頭典型例題A visitor visits an island where two tribes live. One tribe always tells the truth and the other always lies. The truth tellers live on the we

8、stern side of the island, and those who lie live on the eastern side. The visitor wants todetermine whether the native beside him is a truth teller or not by asking only one question. He asks the native, said he lives on the western side of the island."and ask the native in the distance which s

9、ide of the island he lives on.“ When the mess，ger return;Is the messenger a truth teller or not? How can the visitor be sure?1. According to the messenger's answer, the visitor can conclude thatA. The messenger lives on the western side of the island because he tells the truth.B. the messenger l

10、ives on the eastern side of the island because his answer may be a lie.C. it's hard to determine whether the messenger is a truth teller or not.D. the messenger probably lives in the western side of the island because his answer may be true.【答案】：A。【解題思路】：本個(gè)文章推測(cè)有關(guān)信使（近處的當(dāng)?shù)厝耍┑那闆r的。我們知道，講真話的部落住在島的西部，

11、撒謊的部落住在島的東部。這個(gè)信使去問遠(yuǎn)方的當(dāng)?shù)厝俗≡趰u的哪一邊（東部還是西部）。遠(yuǎn)方的當(dāng)?shù)厝酥荒苡袃煞N情況，要么住在島的西部，要么住在島的東部。假如他住 在島的西部，他就是一個(gè)講真話的人，他就會(huì)如實(shí)回答他住在西部。假如他住在島的東 部，他就是一個(gè)撒謊的人。他本來住在東部，但在回答時(shí)，必須要說謊，他只能回答他住在西部。所以遠(yuǎn)方的當(dāng)?shù)厝瞬还苁亲≡跂|部還是西部，他的回答只有一個(gè)：我住在西部”。假如信使告訴參觀者遠(yuǎn)方的當(dāng)?shù)厝俗≡谖鞑浚攀篃o疑是說了真話，那么信使一定是住在島的西部。反之，假如信使告訴參觀者遠(yuǎn)方的當(dāng)?shù)厝俗≡跂|部，那么信使就 說了假話，信使肯定住在東部。2. The native in t

12、he distance says he lives on the western side of the island. According to his answer, which conclusion of the following is wrong?A. He may live on the eastern side of the island.B. He may live on the western side of the island.C. He may be telling the truth.D. He can't be telling the truth.【答案】：

13、D【解題思路】：是推測(cè)遠(yuǎn)方的當(dāng)?shù)厝说那闆r的。從短文提供的信息來看，我們無法判定遠(yuǎn)方的當(dāng)?shù)厥亲≡趰u的東部還是島的西部， 兩種情況都是可能存在的。 此題要留意情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的語氣。 A.他 可能住在島的西部” ；B.他H能住在島的東部” ；C.他可能講了真話”。上述A、B、C三種情況都是可能的。 D.他不可能講真話”，語氣太絕對(duì)。推測(cè)錯(cuò)誤。典型例題2011年上海真題：Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the h

14、istory of humans in Britain, a group of leading archeologists （考古學(xué)家）says. In a letter addressed to the justice secretary, Ken Clarke, 40 archaeologists write of their“ deep and widespread concecenters on the law introduced by the Ministry of Justice in 2008 which requires all human remains unearthed

15、 in England and Wales to be reburied within two years, regardless of their age. The decision means scientists have too little time to study bones and other human remains of national and cultural significance.“Your current requirement that all archaeologically unearthed human remains should be reburi

16、ed, whether after a standard period of two years or a further special extension, is contrary to basic principles of archaeological andscientific research and of museum practice,“ they write.According to the passage, scientists are unhappy with the law mainly because.A. it is only a temporary measure

17、 on the human remainsB. it is unreasonable and thus destructive to scientific researchC. it was introduced by the government without their knowledgeD. it is vague about where and how to rebury human remains【答案】：Bo【解題思路】：這是上海高考真題閱讀中的一道因果推理題。根據(jù)首句： Human remains of ancient settlements will be reburied

18、and lost to science under a law that threatens research into the history of humans in Britain得知本文主題是將政府出臺(tái)了將出土文物重新埋葬的法令，而該法令將影響到考古學(xué)家們對(duì)歷史的研究，從此可以推斷出考古學(xué)家對(duì)此項(xiàng)法令是不樂意接受的，因?yàn)檫@將影響他們對(duì)古文物的歷史考證。故選擇 B項(xiàng)。貶三、新城除魔（建議20分鐘）細(xì)節(jié)推理：2011年上海高考My aunt also took down books from her extensive library and shared them with me. I

19、had books at home, but they were all serious classics. Even as a child I had a strong liking for humor, and I ' n ever forget the joy of discovering Don Marquis Archys& Mehitabel through her.What does Archy and Mehitabel in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?A. A book of great fun.B. A writer of

20、high fame.C. A serious masterpiece.D. A heartbreaking play.【答案】：A【解題思路】：本題是一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)推理題。通過文章前半部分是對(duì)姑姑給我書籍的闡述可知，Archy andMehitabel也是有趣的書中的一本，由此可以得出答案。Before 2008, guidelines allowed for the proper preservation and study of bones of sufficient age and historical interest, while the Burial Act 1857 applied t

21、o more recent remains. The Ministry of Justice assured archaeologists two years ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.Mike Parker Pearson, an archaeologist at Sheffield University, said: a Archaeologistshave been extremely patient because we were led to believe the minis

22、try was sorting out this problem, but we feel that we cannot wait any longer. ”The ministry has no guidelines on where or how remains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.What can be inferred about the British law governing human remains?A. The Ministry of Justice did not intend it

23、to protect human remains.B. The Burial Act 1857 only applied to remains uncovered before 1857.C. The law on human remains hasn ' t changed in recent decades.D. The Ministry of Justice has not done enough about the law.【答案】：D【解題思路】：本題是一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)推理題。在第一段的段尾有一句話：The Ministry of Justice assuredarchaeologi

24、sts two ye Pars ago that the law was temporary, but has so far failed to revise it.雖然Ministry of Justice 聲稱這項(xiàng)法令只是暫時(shí)的，但是至今仍未對(duì)此法案作出任何 修訂和改動(dòng)，甚至最后結(jié)尾作者指出：The ministry has no guidelines on where or howremains should be reburied, or on what records should be kept.更進(jìn)步強(qiáng)調(diào)政府對(duì)如何重埋古物，埋在什么地方等問題都沒有進(jìn)行深入的研究和討論。因果推理：

25、The entertainment profession or“ show business" attracts many young people. Unfortunately, only very fewcan hope to become famous and successful. Talent is not enough, because show business is as competitive as any other business .Without a good manager, a performer can never hope to succeed .F

26、ashion is important in this business, too. The best tailor in the world will never be a success if he makes old -fashioned clothes. In exactly the same way, a performer must change his" act" in order to follow thof thstmoment. This is true for actors,dancers and comedians, but perhaps most

27、 of all singers."Pop" stands for a popular" and a pop singer has to work very hard to become popular .He must either give the public what they already want, or he must find a new way of singing that will attract their attention. Even when he has succeeded, and his records are sold eve

28、rywhere, he can not relax. Then he must work harder than ever because there are always younger singers trying to become famous and to steal some of the popularity.? The life of a successful pop singer is not at all easy. He can only relax when he is alone, because everything he does is watched and r

29、eported in the special newspaper written for the" fans ” . The fans are the most important people in thfor the singers. They buy his records, they go to his concerts and they make him rich and famous. But they can be very annoying, too. Sometimes their enthusiasm gets so hysterical that they do

30、 anything to get a紀(jì)念品）.They steal handkerchiefs, they tear off buttons, and they even cut off pieces of the unfortunate singer's hair.Many singers have been forced to hide. A pop singer has to spend a lot of money on clothes, because he must always look smart or at any rate different. He must have a luxurious car. And most importantkeep smiling for the benefit of his public.1. Why must a pop singer have a good manager?.A. To protect him from his fans B. To look after his business interestsC. To help him to change his &quo