1、一、一般名詞術語 General1、車輛的種類鐵道車輛 rolling stock, railway vehicle, railway car客車 carriage, passenger car貨車 wagon, freight car特種車 special car鋼木車 steel-wood car全金屬車 all metal car全鋼車all steel car二軸車 two-axle car四軸車 four-axle car六軸車 six-axle car轉向架式車 bogie car關節式車 articulated car動車 motor-car拖車 trailer控制車 contr

2、olling car動車組 powered car train-set合造車 combined car簡易客車 simply equipped coach代用客車 substitute passenger car雙層客車 double-deck coach母車 car with axle generator子車 car without axle generator座車 seat coach硬座車 semi-cushioned seat coach軟座車 cushioned seat coach, soft seat coach臥車 sleeping car硬臥車 semi-cushioned

3、berth sleeping car軟臥車 cushioned berth sleeping car餐車 dining car行李車 luggage van,baggage car郵政車 mail van,postal car了望車 observation car公務車 service car,private car文教車 culture and education car醫療車 hospital car衛生車 ambulance car試驗車 test car維修車 maintenance car宿營車 dormitory van,train crew car軌道檢查車 track insp

4、ection car軌道探傷車 rail faults detection car隧道攝影車 tunnel-photographing car限界檢查車 structure gauge detection car檢衡車 track scale test car發電車 generator car鍋爐車 boiler car救援車 relief car敞車 open-top car,gondola car棚車 covered wagon,box car平車 flat car罐車 tank car守車 caboose, brake van煤車 coal car砂石車 gravel car礦石車 or

5、e car漏斗車 hopper car水泥車 cement car保溫車 thermal car隔熱車 insulated-cover wagon,insulated box car加冰冷藏車 ice-cooled refrigerator car冷凍板冷藏車 eutectic-ice-cooled refrigerator car加溫車 heater car冷藏加溫車 refrigerator and heater car機械冷藏車 mechanical refrigerator car單節機械冷藏車 mono-unit mechanical refrigerator car機冷貨物車 me

6、chanical refrigerator freight car機冷發電車 mechanical refrigerator generating car機械冷藏車組 mechanical refrigerator car train-set通風車 ventilated car家畜車 live stock car, stock car活魚車 fish car零擔辦公車 office car for peddler train毒品車 posion car集裝箱車 container car長大貨物車 heavy-duty car,high capacity car凹底平車 depressed c

7、enter flat car落下孔車 well car, well-hole car雙聯平車 twinned flat car鉗夾車 schnabel car自動傾翻車 side dump car除雪車 sweeper, snow plow長鋼軌車組 long rail car train-set電站車組 power station car train set車輛縱向 longitudinal direction of car車輛橫向 transverse direction of car車端 end of car一位端 “B” end of car二位端 “A” end of car一位側

8、No.1 position side二位側 No. 2 position side軸位 position of axle輪位 position of wheel梁位 position of sill車鉤中心線高 hright fron top of rail to coupler center車輛長度 length of car車輛寬度 width of car車輛最大寬度 max. width of car車輛高度 height of car車輛最大高度 max. height of car車體長度 length over ends of car body底架長度 length of und

9、erframe罐體長度 length of tank barrek車體寬度 width over sides of car body底架長度 underframe width車體內長 inside length of car body車體內寬 inside width of car body車體內側面高 inside height of car body車體內中心高 inside height from floor to roof centre地板面高 height of floor from rail top車輛定距（心盤中心距） length between bogie pivot cen

10、ters車輛全軸距 total wheel base of car車輛定距比 ratio of car body length to length between bogie centres換長 equivalent length旁承間隙 side bearing clearance自重tare weight載重 loading capacity整備品重 servicing weight總重 gross weight自重系數coefficient of tare weight, tare-to-load capacity每延米重load per meter of track簧上重量suspen

11、ded weight, weight above spring簧下重量non-suspended weight, weight under spring構造速度design speed通過最小曲線半徑 min. radius of curvature negotiated動力系數coefficient of kinetic force振動舒適度comfortable quality of vibration平穩性指標（振動舒適度指標）index of running stability傾復穩定性security of over turing from track脫軌穩定性security of

12、 derailment6、其他空車empty car軸數number of axle車輛標記lettering and marking of car車輛型號model of car車輛號碼serial number of car定員seating capacity技術履歷簿technical ancestry book吊hanger卡clamp,clip吊卡anchor,suspension座seat,rest,bracket吊座hanger bracket托carrier,support,bearer環ring鏈chain連接板connecting plate補強板reinforcing p

13、late筋板rib隔板partion plate撐板staying plate托板supporting plate固定板fastening plate壓板pressing plate吊板hanging plate支承板bearing plate墊板shim,pad調整板adjusting plate限制板locating plate擋板baffle plate防跳板anticreep plate護板shield plate防塵板dust guard plate磨耗板wear plate防火板fireproof plate蓋板cover plate腹板web plate翼板flange plat

14、e地板floor plate頂板roof plate墻板side plate裝飾板decorating plate飾帶板lining根據位置不同所用板plate used in other place節流板moderating plate,limiting plate墊shim,pad,liner,washer蓋cap,cover,lid閥valve體body梁girder，sill，beam，stringer柱post斜撐diagonal brace壓條cornice，molding，treadle bar承木wooden parting stringer，nailing strip隔熱材料

15、heat-insulating material二 走行裝置running gear1 一般走行裝置running gear轉向架bogie，truck二軸轉向架two-axle bogie三軸轉向架three-axle bogie組合轉向架combination bogie導框式轉向架pedestal bogie導框式轉向架non-pedestal bogie導框式轉向架pedestal bogie整體側架轉向架bogie with integral box side frame構架frame，bogie structure側架bogie side frame輪對wheel set有箍車輪t

16、yred wheel整體車輪solid wheel碾鋼車輪wrought steel wheel，rolled steel wheel軸箱journal box承載鞍adapter軸箱定位裝置box guidance彈簧減振裝置spring and vibration absorber device彈簧懸掛裝置suspension damper彈簧裝置spring device軸箱彈簧裝置journal spring device搖枕彈簧裝置bolster spring device軸箱彈簧journal spring搖枕彈簧bolster spring均衡彈簧equalizer spring

17、空氣彈簧air spring橡膠彈簧rubber spring第一系彈簧裝置primary suspension第二系彈簧裝置secondary suspension一系彈簧裝置single-stage suspension二系彈簧裝置two-stage suspension自動高度調整裝置automatic height adjuster減振器vibration absorber摩擦減振器snubber油壓減振器hydraulic damper旁承side bearing滑塊式旁承sliding block side bearing擺塊式旁承pendulum side bearing滾子式旁

18、承roller side bearing液壓旁承hydraulic side bearing氣液旁承hydro-pneumatic side bearing轉向架基礎制動裝置bogie brake rigging踏面制動tread braking盤形制動disc braking, rotor braking單側制動single side braking雙側制動clasp braking制動梁brake beam閘瓦brake block, brake shoe閘片brake ling中磷閘瓦medium phosphor brake shoe高磷閘瓦high phosphor brake sh

19、oe合成閘瓦composite brake shoe制動盤braking disc心盤面自由高free height from rail top to centre plate wearing surface轉向架對角線bogie diagonal軸距wheel base固定軸距fixed or rigid wheel base轉向架全軸距total wheel base of bogie assembly輪對內側距distance between backs of wheel rims軸頸中心距distance between acting centers of journal load踏面

20、tread踏面斜度tread taper踏面基點taping point滾動圓rolling tread circle車輪直徑wheel diameter輪箍厚度tire thickness輪輞內側厚度rim inside thickness輪輞外側厚度rim outside thickness輪輞寬度rim width輪緣高度flange height輪緣高度測定線flange base line輪緣厚度flange thickness輪轂直徑diameter of boss輪轂厚度boss thickness軸箱導框間隙pedestal clearance with pedestal gu

21、ide搖枕擋間隙column guide cleatance with the column軸載荷axle loading force軸荷重axle load軸重wheel set load心盤載荷centre plate loading force旁承載荷side bearing loading force斜對稱載荷obliquely symmetrical loading force彈簧靜撓度static deflection of spring彈簧動撓度dynamic deflection of spring彈簧撓度裕量surplus deflection of spring, rese

22、rve deflection of spring撓度裕量系數reserve coefficient(or surplus factor) of spring deflection轉向架扭曲剛度bogie against distortion rigidity摩擦減振器相對摩擦系數relative friction coefficient of snubber油壓減振器阻力系數damping coefficient of hydraulic damper減振指數damping index臨界阻尼值critical damping value脫軌系數coefficient of derailmen

23、t軸溫axle temperature輪緣垂直磨耗vertical wear on flange踏面擦傷scotching on wheel tread踏面剝離flaking on wheel tread2、轉向架構架 bogie structure發電機吊架genertor hanger support緩解彈簧座release spring bracket閘瓦托吊座brake head hanger bracket安全吊座safety hanger bracket固定支點座fixed fulcrum bracket端梁end sill側梁side sill縱向梁longitudinal si

24、ll輔助梁auxiliary transom搖枕吊耳bolster hanger lug橫梁transom閘瓦托吊耳brake head hanger lug3 轉向架側 bogie side frame軸箱承臺pedestal journal roof上斜弦梁top oblique chord檢查孔inspection hole斜楔擋friction wedge stop上弦梁top chord立柱column軸箱擋pedestal leg制動梁滑槽brake beam guide下弦梁bottom chord彈簧承臺spring seat凸臍spring seat boss搖枕孔bolst

25、er opening下斜弦梁bottom oblique chord軸箱導框pedestal4 搖枕及彈簧裝置bolster and spring device彈簧托梁spring plank carrier搖枕吊bolster hanger搖枕吊銷bolster hanger pin搖枕吊銷座bolster hanger pin seat油壓減振動器hydraulic damper, oil damper彈簧夾板spring button搖枕彈簧（外圈）bolster spring(outer)搖枕彈簧（內圈）bolster spring(inner)下旁承體bogie side beari

26、ng base下旁承膠墊bogie side bearing rubber pad下旁承滑塊bogie side bearing sliding block搖枕擋bolster guide下心盤bogie centre plate中心銷centre pin搖枕bolster下旁承bogie side bearing橫向緩沖器lateral buffer橫向拉桿lateral connecting rod搖枕板彈簧bolster double elliptic spring彈簧托板spring plank安全吊safety hanger搖枕吊軸bolster hanger shaft5 搖枕bo

27、gie bolster斜楔摩擦面bolster friction wedge pocket slope凸臍spring seat boss心盤安裝面centre plate location排水孔draining hole中心銷孔centre pin hole固定杠桿支點安裝面dead lever fulcrum bracket location下旁承座bogie side bearing seat搖枕擋column guide6，7 輪對軸箱及彈簧裝置wheel set，journal box and spring device后擋板rear guard油卷lubricating pad前枕

28、front guard軸箱蓋box lid軸瓦墊journal bearing wedge軸箱體journal box body軸瓦journal bearing防塵板dust guard，dust shield車軸皮帶輪axle belt pulley車軸axle車輪wheel防塵擋圈dust guard ring滾動軸承roller bearing彈簧支柱spring guide-post定位套locating bush軸箱彈簧journal spring支持環spring guide緩沖膠墊rubber pad軸箱后蓋journal box rear cover軸箱體journal bo

29、x body緊定螺母set nut防松板locking plate軸箱前蓋journal box frim cover均衡彈簧座equalizing spring seat軸箱導框pedestal均衡彈簧（內圈、中圈、外圈）equalizing spring(inner, intermediate, outer)均衡梁equalizer軸箱托板journal box tie bar軸箱導框磨耗板pedestal wear plate8 輪對wheel set車軸axle車輪輪箍tire, tyre車輪扣環retaining ring車輪輪心wheel centre整體車輪solid wheel

30、9 車軸axle中心孔centre hole軸頸前肩hournal front fillet軸頸后肩journal rear fillet輪座前肩wheel seat front fillet輪座后肩wheel seat rear fillet軸中央部axle middle portion軸身axle body輪座wheel seat防塵板座dust guard seat軸頸journal軸領collar10 整體車輪solid wheel輻板web plate輪緣flange輪轂孔wheel hub bore輪轂hub，boss輪輞rim踏面thread輻板孔web plate hole11

31、 軸箱體journal box body前壁front wall內頂journal box roof軸箱口journal box opening雨檐eaves瓦墊擋journal bearing wedge stopper承臺座pedestal seat底部bottom排水槽draining slot軸箱蓋耳孔座journal box hinge lug后壁rear wall防塵板槽dust guard slot瓦耳擋bearing lug guard側壁side wall導槽pedestal guide12 油壓減振器hydraulic damper壓板pressing plate膠墊rub

32、ber fitting墊板pad套sleeve密封蓋seal cap密封圈seal ring密封襯墊seal ring retainer螺母nut密封彈簧seal spring導向套guide bush缸端蓋cylinder end cap缸體cylinder body防塵罩dust protector活塞piston芯閥key valve閥套valve bush閥座valve seat閥瓣valve clack進油閥座oil inlet valve seat儲油缸oil storage cylinder13 轉向架基礎制動裝置bogie brake rigging制動梁brake beam制動梁緩解彈簧bra