1、寧波效實中學英語高考復習戰略朱旭彬朱旭彬April 2, 2019CONTENTS一、效實中學英語課程目的與構造一、效實中學英語課程目的與構造二、英語言語技藝培育方式與輔助二、英語言語技藝培育方式與輔助 資料三年規劃資料三年規劃三、高考復習戰略三、高考復習戰略 總目的：總目的： 培育學生較強的綜合言語運用才干，特培育學生較強的綜合言語運用才干，特別是英語口語才干；培育學生的評判性閱別是英語口語才干；培育學生的評判性閱讀與思想才干；培育學生平等包容的文化讀與思想才干；培育學生平等包容的文化觀能對本國與他國的文化景象進展反思觀能對本國與他國的文化景象進展反思與客觀的評價，取長補短。與客觀的評價，取

2、長補短。 一、效實中學英語課程目的與構造一、效實中學英語課程目的與構造二、英語言語技藝培育方式與輔助資料三年規劃二、英語言語技藝培育方式與輔助資料三年規劃 聽聽 說說 讀讀 寫寫 考試考試高一高一走遍美國、大學英語聽力2/3對話、匯報、演講蘇版牛津英語典范英語9單元寫作、周記、文學評論學業水平考試：高二上、高二下聽力考試：高二下、高三上2019新高新高考以考以6月月為重點為重點高二高二高考聽力演講、辯論、面試同上文學評論、體裁寫作高三高三高考聽力面試同上、新概念英語3高考寫作Rome was not built in a day! 高一抓根底，提興趣；高一抓根底，提興趣； 高二優技藝，促思想；

3、高二優技藝，促思想； 高三提升、備考！高三提升、備考！三、高考復習戰略三、高考復習戰略一復習原那么一復習原那么1. 根底根底+拓展拓展2. 測試難度：高考測試難度：高考+略高于高考略高于高考根底根底+拓展拓展 重詞匯重詞匯+重讀寫重讀寫詞匯復習詞匯復習 34年高考真題年高考真題 自編語法復習資料不斷更新自編語法復習資料不斷更新 精選精選20套模擬題不斷更新套模擬題不斷更新2. 測試難度：高考測試難度：高考+略高于高考略高于高考應根據各校學生的程度而定。應根據各校學生的程度而定。二考試研討二考試研討1、完形填空研討、完形填空研討2、閱讀了解研討、閱讀了解研討3、短文改錯研討、短文改錯研討4、書面

4、表達研討、書面表達研討Cloze考什么？考什么？Collocations (詞的層面Sentence structures 句的層面A sense of context or coherence (篇章層面 根據“格式塔的閱讀慣性實際，測試言語銜接了解的才干 1、完形研討摘自趙伐教授講座Cloze練習題的選擇練習題的選擇 文體：記敘文、闡明文、夾敘夾議、運用文等文體：記敘文、闡明文、夾敘夾議、運用文等 內容：學生所熟習或感興趣的；內容：學生所熟習或感興趣的； 長度：符合教學要求和考試時間要求長度：符合教學要求和考試時間要求250350 難度：詞匯和句子構造根本符合大綱要求難度：詞匯和句子構造根

5、本符合大綱要求 設空：符合規范設空：符合規范 干擾項干擾項 調查重點：語篇銜接感而非語法調查重點：語篇銜接感而非語法題眼設置較均勻，能全面測試語篇主要和中心信息，關題眼設置較均勻，能全面測試語篇主要和中心信息，關注實詞；注實詞；題眼可分為題眼可分為“句際和句際和“句內的，分句內的，分“語法和語法和“詞匯，詞匯，又可分為又可分為“實詞和實詞和“虛詞；虛詞；首句不設題眼，為了解提供一個前提和首句不設題眼，為了解提供一個前提和“起點；首句須起點；首句須有足夠的背景信息；最后一句普通不設題眼；有足夠的背景信息；最后一句普通不設題眼；為保證邏輯上的銜接不被過分破壞，題眼之間不宜過緊，為保證邏輯上的銜接不

6、被過分破壞，題眼之間不宜過緊，至少應相隔一個至少應相隔一個“意群意群通常不少于通常不少于5-7個單詞；個單詞；“句際類、語法類、虛詞類的題眼應有一定比列。句際類、語法類、虛詞類的題眼應有一定比列。語法虛詞類語法虛詞類主要是指關聯詞主要是指關聯詞不宜延續出現，不宜延續出現，否那么能夠呵斥邏輯關系過分斷裂；否那么能夠呵斥邏輯關系過分斷裂；原那么上一個句子中不能超越兩個題眼，否那么能夠呵原那么上一個句子中不能超越兩個題眼，否那么能夠呵斥邏輯關系過分斷裂；斥邏輯關系過分斷裂；題眼應以單詞或固定詞組為單位，后者比例應盡量降低。題眼應以單詞或固定詞組為單位，后者比例應盡量降低。設置干擾項設置干擾項干擾項是

7、教師調查、鑒別學生對某些知識點和干擾項是教師調查、鑒別學生對某些知識點和才干掌握情況的手段，應有的放矢地設置；才干掌握情況的手段，應有的放矢地設置；干擾項應為同類，實詞類應取同義詞、近義詞、干擾項應為同類，實詞類應取同義詞、近義詞、形近詞；虛詞類應取同種詞性，用法接近，或形近詞；虛詞類應取同種詞性，用法接近，或是其它具有可比性的選項；是其它具有可比性的選項； 各選項詞匯級別應接近，詞義方向根本一樣各選項詞匯級別應接近，詞義方向根本一樣必要時可用必要時可用“兩反兩正，原那么上不能出現兩反兩正，原那么上不能出現“三反一正或三反一正或“三正一反的情況；三正一反的情況；干擾項應該是語法構造正確、但在語

8、義、邏輯干擾項應該是語法構造正確、但在語義、邏輯上是錯誤的選擇，不能讓學生單憑語法就判別上是錯誤的選擇，不能讓學生單憑語法就判別其正誤，而應讓其根據上下文來進展判別。其正誤，而應讓其根據上下文來進展判別。篇章邏輯(Text-level Coherence)I had worried myself sick over Simons mother coming to see me. I was a new teacher, and I gave honest account of the students work.It taught me the most valuable lesson ove

9、r the years of my teaching career, and Im thankful that it came early and positively 2019 浙江卷出題經常在最前面或最后面！出題經常在最前面或最后面！句內銜接句內銜接Intra-sentential coherence例子： There are many shops in Singapore where customers still bargain, although prices are clearly shown on the goods. I should have known it: The ta

10、sk is simply too difficult. Although I love my life, it hasnt been a lot of fun as Ive been ill for 28 years. Music has always been a great love of mine and, in my 20s, when my sickness was more manageable, I enjoyed ten years as a professional singer in restaurants, playing and singing folk songs.

11、浙江2019年高考找到另一條腿！找到另一條腿！句際銜接句際銜接Inter-sentential coherence例子：Finding the right gadget was a real hassle. I finally settled with a digital camera. Ive forgotten what I told him that night. But I do remember watching him put some butter on that bread. Two years ago, I decided that I would need to have

12、some kind of extra work to make up for my disability pension. As I needed to sleep in the afternoons, I was limited in my choices.浙江2019年高考 I sat, stunned(驚呆了), for about half an hour, wondering what had just happened. How did I make such a life-changing difference to that boy without even knowing i

13、t? What I finally came to remember was one day, several months before, when some students were giving reports in the front of the class, Jeanne spoke quietly, and to encourage her to raise her voice, I had said, “Speak up. Simons the expert on this. He is the only one you have to convince, and he ca

14、nt hear you in the back of the room.Eg. 句內+句際 題眼在哪里？ Referencing 指代 Substitution 替代 Conjunction 銜接 Transition 過渡 Its a sad and familiar voice that we often hear in big cities: “Can you spare some change? Usually, when faced with that particular question, I have feelings of guilt if I pass by without

15、 giving a coin or two. Referencing; Grammatical cohesion) Thanking him, I made a time with him to listen to all the songs and choose the ones that I could sing. I have come full circle with his help. (Substitution) Unfortunately that was years ago and times have changed. Now I live with my mother on

16、 a country farm. (Transition) On the way to school, she looked inside. She hoped that a new lunch bag meant something new for lunch, but she found the same lunch as alwaysa sandwich. (Conjunction)Barbara Windsor, chairman of the Performing Art Society, said, “If they have to tear the Secombe down, i

17、t would be a waste of a good theatre. Every town needs a heart. (substitution)The landslide destroyed two classrooms and caused heavy damage to six others. substitution)All the students and teachers ran to the open area that had been set aside as an emergency gathering point. Just then, they heard s

18、creams as the huge rock rolled down the hill, bringing sand, rock and mud. (transition)如何提高學生的語篇銜接感？把握文體把握文體Narration, Reflective narration關注實詞，如名詞、動詞、描畫詞、副詞等，尤其是關注實詞，如名詞、動詞、描畫詞、副詞等，尤其是主位的名詞和動詞，是骨架，表意義、主旨；描畫詞主位的名詞和動詞，是骨架，表意義、主旨；描畫詞和副詞是血肉，表態度、氣氛、心情；學會經過實詞和副詞是血肉，表態度、氣氛、心情；學會經過實詞把握全篇要義把握全篇要義;培育學生的語篇銜接才

19、干：掌握培育學生的語篇銜接才干：掌握Referencing, substitution, Conjunction, Transition, Implication, Inferencing, Ellipsis等語篇銜接手段，等語篇銜接手段，題眼往往就在于此。題眼往往就在于此。2、閱讀研討摘自趙伐教授講座讀大意、讀構造、讀語氣、讀大意、讀構造、讀語氣、讀態度、讀言外之意讀態度、讀言外之意談閱讀了解的五類難題談閱讀了解的五類難題 Read for Gist, Structure, Tone, Voice and ImplicationRead for GistWhere is the gist ？

20、主旨要義在哪里？主旨要義在哪里？1文章第一句或段落；文章第一句或段落；2每一段的主題句；每一段的主題句；3文章的字里行間。文章的字里行間。 這類試題調查考生略讀文章、領會大意這類試題調查考生略讀文章、領會大意的才干，對考生的歸納、概括才干有一定的才干，對考生的歸納、概括才干有一定要求。要求。Read for StructureRecognize the structure of a text! (了解文章的根本構造)關于構造：1段落與篇章的啟、承、轉、合；2句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關系如文中某一段落的作用或某些詞語之間的指代關系等。段落的啟承轉合 Man is closely related

21、to the environment.啟啟 Our environment provides man with fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink, various vegetables to eat and fertile soil in which to plant.承承 Man could hardly survive if he couldnt get the necessities he needed from the environment.承承 Even when he sleeps, he needs quiet surroun

22、dings.承承So a good environment is essential to mans life.合合語篇的啟承轉合引言段啟和承 Man is closely related to the environment. Our environment provides man with fresh air to breathe, clean water to drink, various vegetables to eat and fertile soil in which to plant. Man could hardly survive if he couldnt get th

23、e necessities he needed from the environment. Even when he sleeps, he needs quiet surroundings. So a good environment is essential to mans life. 推展段轉 However, our environment is faced with many dangers. It is seriously polluted by chemical wastes from factories and sewage in the city. Farmland is al

24、so overworked and has lost its fertility. Some even have become sandy. Moreover, trees are being cut down, thus a large scale of forests species of plants and animals are disappearing from the earth. The balance of nature is being destroyed. 結論段合 Effective measures must be taken to protect our envir

25、onment. Laws must be passed to prohibit factories from emitting wasted gases and releasing water before they are purified. Moreover, people should be forbidden to throw away rubbish whenever and wherever they like. And rare animals must be well preserved. Finally, new models of vehicles should be in

26、vented, which give off fewer exhausted fumes and less noise than the old ones. Only in this way can man have a pleasant environment to live in.段與段之間的邏輯關系 In ancient Egypt, the pharaoh(法老) treated the poor message runner like a prince when he arrived at the palace, if he brought good news. However, i

27、f the exhausted runner had the misfortune to bring the pharaoh unhappy news, his head was cut off. Shades of that spirit spread over todays conversations. Once a friend and I packed up some peanut butter and sandwiches for an outing. As we walked light-heartedly out the door, picnic basket in hand,

28、a smiling neighbor looked up at the sky and said, “Oh boy, bad day for a picnic. The weatherman says its going to rain. I wanted to strike him on the face with the peanut butter and sandwiches. Not for his stupid weather report, for his smile. Several months ago I was racing to catch a bus. As I bre

29、athlessly put my handful of cash across the Greyhound counter, the sales agent said with a broad smile, “Oh that bus left five minutes ago. Dreams of head-cutting! Its not the news that makes someone angry. Its the unsympathetic attitude with which its delivered. Everyone must give bad news from tim

30、e to time, and winning professionals do it with the proper attitude. A doctor advising a patient that she needs an operation does it in a caring way. A boss informing an employee he didnt get the job takes on a sympathetic tone. Big winners know, when delivering any bad news, they should share the f

31、eeling of the receiver. Unfortunately, many people are not aware of this. When youre tired from a long flight, has a hotel clerk cheerfully said that your room isnt ready yet? When you had your heart set on the toast beef, has your waiter merrily told you that he just served the last piece? It makes

32、 you as traveler or diner want to land your fist right on their unsympathetic faces. Had my neighbor told me of the upcoming rainstorm with sympathy, I would have appreciated his warning. Had the Greyhound salesclerk sympathetically informed me that my bus had already left, I probably would have sai

33、d, “Oh, thats all right. Ill catch the next one. Big winners, when they bear bad news, deliver bombs with the emotion the bombarded (被轟炸的) person is sure to have. 53. In Paragraph 1, the writer tells the story of the pharaoh to _.A. make a comparison B. introduce a topic C. describe a scene D. offer

34、 an argumentRead for Tone and Voice1作者的語氣和態度；作者的語氣和態度；2人物的語氣和態度；人物的語氣和態度；How to find their tone and voice?語氣與態度在語氣與態度在哪兒？哪兒？1關注描畫詞、副詞、情態動詞、虛擬語氣、帶有關注描畫詞、副詞、情態動詞、虛擬語氣、帶有情感顏色的動詞和名詞；情感顏色的動詞和名詞；2關注語氣關注語氣voice、轉機、轉機transition、比較、比較comparison、對比、對比contrast和修辭手段和修辭手段,如如夸張夸張hyperbole、排比、排比parallelism、反復、反復re

35、petition、比喻、比喻metaphor等。等。Four people in England, back in 1953, stared at Photo 51. It wasnt mucha picture showing a black X. But three of these people won the Nobel prize for figuring out what the photo really showedthe shape of DNA. The discovery brought fame and fortune to scientists James Watson

36、, Francis Crick, and Maurice Wilkins. The fourth, the one who actually made the picture, was left out.Her name was Rosalind Franklin. “She should have been up there, says historian Mary Bowden. “If her photo hadnt been there, the others couldnt have come up with the structure. One reason Franklin wa

37、s missing was that she had died of cancer four years before the Nobel decision. But now scholars doubt that Franklin was not only robbed of her life by disease but robbed of credit by her competitors.At Cambridge University in the 1950s, Watson and Crick tried to make models by cutting up shapes of

38、DNAs parts and then putting them together. In the meantime, at Kings College in London, Franklin and Wilkins shone X-rays at the molecule(分子分子). The rays produced patterns reflecting the shape.But Wilkins and Franklins relationship was a lot rockier than the celebrated teamwork of Watson and Crick.

39、Wilkins thought Franklin was hired to be his assistant. But the college actually employed her to take over the DNA project.What she did was produce X-ray pictures that told Watson and Crick that one of their early models was inside out. And she was not shy about saying so. That angered Watson, who a

40、ttacked her in return, “Mere inspection suggested that she would not easily bend. Clearly she had to go or be put in her place.As Franklins competitors, Wilkins, Watson and Crick had much to gain by cutting her out of the little group of researchers, says historian Pnina Abir-Am. In 1962 at the Nobe

41、l prize awarding ceremony, Wilkins thanked 13 colleagues by name before he mentioned Franklin. Watson wrote his book laughing at her. Crick wrote in 1974 that “Franklins was only two steps away from the solution. No, Franklin was the solution. “She contributed more than any other player to solving t

42、he structure of DNA. She must be considered a co-discoverer, Abir-Am says. This was backed up by Aaron Klug, who worked with Franklin and later won a Nobel Prize himself. Once described as the “Dark Lady of DNA, Franklin is finally coming into the light.60. What is the writers attitude toward Wilkin

43、s, Watson and Crick?Disapproving. B. Respectful. C. Admiring D. DoubtfulRead for ImplicationHow to infer?如何作出判別和推理？1Infer the meaning of an unknown word or phrase2) Infer the possibility of something Example: E-nose With some fine-tuning, a device like the e-nose could one day be used in greenhouses

44、 to quickly spot harmful bugs, the researchers say. A device like this could also be used to identify fruits that are perfectly ripe and ready to pick and eat, says Natalia Dudareva, a biochemist at Purdue University in West Lafayette, Ind. who studies smells of flowers and plants. Hopefully, scient

45、ists believe, the device could bring large benefits to greenhouse managers in the near future. (2021浙江卷閱讀C篇) 52. We can infer from the last paragraph that the e-nose_. A. is unable to tell the smell of flowers B. is not yet used in greenhouses C. is designed by scientists at Purdue D. is helpful in

46、killing harmful insects細節了解題也不能忽視！ 利用高考閱讀資料進展長難句解讀練習。干擾項的設置方式方式取自文本、貌似正確；取自文本、貌似正確；長短一致、方式類似；長短一致、方式類似；干凈利落、防止提示；干凈利落、防止提示；短小精干、簡明扼要。短小精干、簡明扼要。手段手段 張冠李戴張冠李戴 偷梁換柱偷梁換柱 以偏概全以偏概全 夸張、減少夸張、減少 常識干擾常識干擾 高一高二閱讀教學中關注微技藝培育高一高二閱讀教學中關注微技藝培育 讓學生關注、運用文體知識讓學生關注、運用文體知識 eg. 記敘文的記敘文的 story schema 新聞體的新聞體的inverted pyra

47、mid 議論文的議論文的 how to persuade 研討報告的要素：研討報告的要素： assumption, purpose, subjects, method, result, conclusion Advice on reading practice:3、改錯研討名詞名詞冠冠 詞詞形容形容詞詞副副 詞詞代代詞詞主謂主謂一致一致介介詞詞連連詞詞動詞動詞詞詞 組組時時態態非謂非謂語動語動詞詞20191220110112019221101110201921211001120092110210122019121021012201914101001220192310110112019 2 3

48、1 1 0 1 0 1 12019 2 2 1 0 2 1 0 2 01強調短文改錯的解題規范；強調短文改錯的解題規范；2讓學生用以上圖表來檢核本人的答案。讓學生用以上圖表來檢核本人的答案。短文改錯有很大的提升空間！4、書面表達研討、書面表達研討1考試方向摘自周道義教師講座內容20192019 書面表達:從話題和要求，看命題思緒的延續與變化2019：寫信：引薦還是？2019：Film or book, which do you prefer?2019：生日慶賀方式; 他以為怎樣慶賀更有意義。2019：他喜歡英語課堂上的授課方式：只用英語，還是英語、漢語兼用? 2019: Working Ind

49、ividually or Working in a Team -第一條分界限：以上是“二選一方式- 2021: 寫一篇新聞報道: Student Volunteers Brought Sunshine to the Elderly 2019：新聞報道：班級“每周之星Star Student of the Week 2019：寫信給校長：反映校園中的隨意涂寫和亂丟渣滓行為。 Comment: 有趣的話題2019-2019：“好好學習與“好好做人 -第二條分界限：以下開放性更大- 2019：議論文：“Your future depends on many things, but mostly on you. 2019：敘+議或評 “One Thing Im Proud of Comment