1、精選優質文檔-傾情為你奉上2013新版八年級上冊1-10分單元知識點歸類總結 Unit 1 Where did you go on vacation?第一單元主要知識點：一、詞組、短語1. go on vacation去度假 ，2. stay at home 呆在家， 3. go to the mountains 上山/進山 ，4. go to the beach到海邊去，5. visit museums 參觀博物館，6. go to summer camp 去夏令營，7. quite a few 相當多， 8. study for為學習，9. go out 出去，10. most of th

2、e time 大部分時間/絕大多數時間，11. taste good 嘗起來味道好，12. have a good time玩的開心，13. of course當然可以， 14. feel like感覺像/想要,15. go shopping購物，16. in the past 在過去，17. walk around繞走，18. too many 太多（可數名詞前面），19. because of 因為， 20. one bowl of 一碗,21. find out 查出來/發現 ，22. go on繼續，23. take photos 照相， 24. something important

3、重要的事情， 25. up and down上上下下， 26. come up出來 二、重要句子（語法）：1. Where did you go on vacation? 你到哪里去度假了？ I went to New York City. 我去了紐約城2. Did you go out with anyone? 你出去帶人嗎？ No, No one was here. Everyone was on vacation.不，沒有人在這兒大家度去度假了。3. Did you buy anything special? 你買了什么特別的東西嗎？ Yes, I bought something fo

4、r my father. 對，我給父親買了一些東西。4. How was the food? 食物怎么樣？ 5. Everything tasted really good. 每一樣東西真的都好吃。6. Did everyone have a good time? 大家玩的開心嗎？ Oh, yes. Everything was excellent. 對，一切都很精彩。三、習慣用法、搭配1. buy sth. for ab./ buy sb. sth. 為某人買某物 2. taste + adj. 嘗起來3. nothing .but + V.(原形) 除了之外什么都沒有4. seem + (

5、to be) + adj 看起來 5. arrive in + 大地方 / arrive at + 小地方 到達某地6. decide to do sth. 決定做某事 7. try doing sth. 嘗試做某事 / try to do sth. 盡力做某事8. enjoy doing sth. 喜歡做某事 9. want to do sth. 想去做某事10. start doing sth. 開始做某事 11. stop doing sth. 停止做某事12. look + adj 看起來 13. dislike doing sth. 不喜歡做某事14. Why not do sth.

6、 為什么不做.呢？ 15. so + adj + that + 從句 如此以至于16. tell sb. (not) to do sth. 告訴某人（不要） 做某事 17. keep doing sth. 繼續做某事/一直做某事18. forget to do sth. 忘記去做某事 / forget doing sth 忘記做過某事四、詞語辨析：1)something，anything，nothing，everything是指物的不定代詞。somebody，someone，anybody，anyone，nobody，no one, everybody， everyone是指人的不定代詞。so

7、mewhere，anywhere，nowhere，everywhere是指地點的不定副詞。2）當形容詞修飾不定代詞、不定副詞時，放于其后； something special; somewhere wonderful.3）不定代詞、不定副詞做主語時，謂語動詞用第三人稱單數。如：Is everybody here? 大家都到齊了嗎？4）something，somebody，someone，somewhere用于肯定句及表示請求或建議的疑問句中，而anything，anybody，anyone，anywhere用于否定句、疑問句及條件狀語從句中。如：Did you do anything inte

8、resting? 你做了有趣的事嗎？（表疑問）Why dont you visit someone with me? 你為什么不跟我一起去拜訪下某個人呢？（表建議）If anything happens, please tell me. 如果有事情發生，請告訴我。辨析：1. get to/reach/arrive 都是“到達“的意思get to+地點=reach+地點= arrive at+地點（?。?arrive in+地點（大）注意：若他們后面要加地點副詞here, there, home等，則不需要加介詞。(注：地點副詞home，here，there前介詞省略）2. nothing.bu

9、t do sth.意為“除.之外； 只有”，如：I have nothing to do but watch TV all day long. 我整天除了看電視什么也沒干。 3. feel like 意為：“感受到；摸起來”，后跟賓語從句或名詞。如：I felt like I was a bird. 我感覺我是一只鳥。 It feels like a stone. 它摸起來像一塊石頭。另外，構成短語 feel like doing sth.意為“想做某事”。如：I feel like eating.我想吃東西。4. enjoy doing sth . 喜歡做;樂意做 enjoy oneself

10、 過得愉快 =have fun/have a good time.5.I wonder what life was like here in the past. 我想知道過去這里的生活是什么樣的wonder (1) n. 奇跡；令人驚訝的事情 如：No wonder! 難怪；不足為奇！(2) v. 驚訝 如：wonder at sth. ; wonder to do sth. 感到疑惑；想知道 如：I wonder where they are going. I wonder if he is at school.6.few與little 的區別： few,否定含義，很少，修飾可數名詞a fe

11、w，肯定含義，一些，修飾可數名詞little， 否定含義，很少，修飾不可數名詞a little，肯定含義，一些，修飾不可數名詞辨析quite a few與quite a little quite a few 意為“很多;不少”，修飾可數名詞復數；quite a little 意為“很多;不少”，修飾不可數名詞。a. He stays here for _ _ _days. b.There is _ _ _water in the bottle(瓶子).7. Still no one seemed to be bored. 仍然沒有人感到煩悶。 1）seem意為“好像；似乎；看來”，是個連系動詞

12、，構成的短語有：seem to do sth. 好像做某事 如： They seem to wait for you. 他們似乎在等你。seem（to be）+adj. 似乎. 如：He seemed ( to be) ill yesterday.昨天他似乎病了。 It seems that + 從句 似乎. 如： It seems that he was ill yesterday. 昨天他似乎病了。其他的系動詞有：be ; feel(覺得）; keep（保持）; stay（保持）;look（看來.）;smell（聞起來）sound（聽起來）taste（嘗起來）2） bored (adj)，

13、意為“感到厭倦的、無聊的”,其主語是某人； boring(adj)，意為“令人厭倦的、無聊的”其主語是某物。 如：I got bored with the boring work. 我對這無聊的工作感到厭倦。相類似的詞語還有： interested/ tired/ excited/ amazed/surprised interesting/ tiring/ exciting/ amazing/surprising辨析：bring與take bring意為“帶來；拿來”， 指從別處帶到說話者所在地。take意為“拿走；帶走”， 指從說話者所在地帶到別處去。8. decide（v）決定 decid

14、e to (not) do sth. = make a decision (not) to do sth. decision(n) decide on doing sth. 決定做某事如：Li Lei has decided to go to Beijing . 李雷已經決定去北京。9. Because of the bad weather, we couldnt see anything below. 1） because of + 名詞/代詞/名短 例如：I had to move because of my job. 因為工作的原因 because +從句 如：I do it becau

15、se I like it. 我做這件事是因為我喜歡2）below意為“在.下面;低于”，其反義詞為 above，意為“在.上10.enough 1) 形容詞/副詞enough 如：wet/quietly enough足夠漂亮 enough 名詞如：enough umbrellas 足夠的雨傘 2) (形/副)enough+ (名) to do sth. 足夠去做 如：I have enough money to go to Beijing. 我有足夠的錢去北京。 She is not old enough to go to school. 她年齡不夠，不能去上學。 同義句： She is to

16、o young to go to school. (too to :太 而不能) She is so young that she cant go to school. most of the time意為“大部分時間”，其中most為代詞，意為“大部分；大多數”。拓展most of意為“中的大多數”，它作主語時，謂語動詞取決于most of后所修飾的名詞。a. Most of us_are_(be)going to the park. 我們大多數人要去公園。b. Most of the food_goes_(go)bad. 大部分的食物都變質了。11.如此以致于（結果）My legs wer

17、e so tired that I wanted to stop. 我的雙腿太累了以至于我都想停下來。（P8）so+形/副+that 從句：She is so popular that everyone likes her. such+名短+ that 從句：She is such a popular girl that everyone likes her.So+形容詞+a/ an+單數名詞=such+a/ an+形容詞+單數名詞例：so long a ruler= such a long rulerSo+many/ few+復數名詞，so+much/ little+不可數名詞Such+其他

18、形容詞+復數名詞或不可數名詞例如：so many books, so little food, such nice pictures1). He is _lovely a boy_we love him very much.2). The little boy is _ young that he cant go to school. 12. so that 從句：以便（目的）,引導目的狀語從句如：He gets up early so that he can catch the early bus.13.My classmates told me to keep going, so I we

19、nt on. 我的同學告訴我堅持往前走，因此我便繼續前進了（P8）1）tell sb. (not)to do sth. 意為“告訴某人（不要）做某事。 The teacher _ _ _ _ the window just now. 老師剛才告訴我們擦窗戶。2）keep doing sth. 意為“繼續做某事，一直做某事”。She_ _ TV for two hours last night. 昨晚她持續看了兩個小時的電14What a difference a day makes! 一天的差異多大??！常用的感嘆句的結構：1）What +adj.+ 復數名詞 / 不可數名詞+主語+謂語！ 2）

20、What +a/an+adj.+可數名詞單數+主語+謂語！3）How +adj. +a/an+可數名詞單數+主語+謂語！ 4）How+adj./adv. +主語+謂語！ 區別要領：形容詞后直接加名詞為what感嘆句，否則為how感嘆句eg: 1.What an interesting book it is! = How interesting a book is! 那本書多么有趣啊！2._a clever girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where3. _clever a girl she is! A.Who B.What C.How D.Where4._i

21、mportant jobs they did! A.What B.Who C.How D.Where5._sweet water it is! A.Who B.What C.Where D. How6._interesting the dog is! A.Who B.What C. Where D. How建議的句式： What/ how about +doing sth.? 如：What/ How about going shopping? Why dont you + do sth.? 如：Why dont you go shopping?Why not + do sth. ? 如：Why

22、 not go shopping? Lets + do sth. 如： Lets go shopping應答語：接受：Certainly,Sure, /Yes, I'd love to. Why not? Good idea! /Sure! OK!/ All right! Great!/That's great./Sounds great.拒絕： I'd love to.But. I'm sorry. I'm afraid not . I'm afraid I can't . Sorry,I can't .15.反身代詞：myse

23、lf , ourselves, yourself , yourselves, himself, herself, itself, themselves. 作動詞或介詞的賓語：經常在enjoy, teach, hurt, buy, introduce, dress, kill等動詞和by, for, to, of等介詞后作賓語。He is teaching himself English. 她在自學英語。She was talking to herself. 她自言自語。He lives by himself in the country. 他獨自住在鄉下。1) Help yourself! 請

24、隨便吃吧！ /請自己去取吧!2) Make yourself at home! 別客氣！3) make yourself heard /understood. 使你的話被人聽得見/理解4) teach oneself 自學=learn by oneself5) by oneself 獨自6) for oneself 為自己；替自己7) enjoy oneself 玩的愉快8) dress oneself 給自己穿衣16.We waited over an hour for the train because there were too many people. 因為人太多，所以我們等了一個多

25、小時的火車。（P5）1）wait for意為“等候”，其后可接人或物。Tom was waiting for a bus over there.2）over介詞，意為“多于；超過” ，相當于more than。Eg : My father is over 40 years old. There are over eight hundred students in our school. 3) too many意為“太多”，其后接可數名詞復數。 He always has too many questions to ask me.辨析：too many + 可數名詞復數 意為“太多. ”too

26、much + 不可數名詞 意為“太多. ”much too + 形容詞 意為“太. ”eg：I have too much homework to do today. Unit 2 How often do you exercise?一、詞組、短語：1. help with housework 幫助做家務活，2. go shopping 購物，3. at/ on weekends 在周末， 4. how often 多久一次，5. hardly ever 幾乎不，6. once a week 每周一次，7. twice a month 每月二次，8. go to the movies 去看電影

27、， 9. every day 每天， 10. use the Internet 上網/用網，11. be free 有空，12. have dance and piano lessons 上舞蹈鋼琴課 ，13. swing dance 搖擺舞 14. play tennis 打網球， 15. stay up late 熬夜，16. at least 至少， 17. go to bed early 早睡， 18. play sports 鍛煉身體，19. be good for 對有好處，20. go camping 去野營，21. in ones free time 在某人的空閑時間，22.

28、noat all 根本不， 23. the most popular 最流行， 24. such as 例如， 25. go to the dentist 去看牙醫，26. more than 超過/多于，27. Old habits die hard. 舊習慣難改。 28. hard=difficult 困難的 ， 29. less than 少于/不到二、重要句子（語法）：1. What do you usually do on weekends? 你周末通常做什么？ I always exercise. 我總是鍛煉身體。2. What do they do on weekends? 他們

29、周末干什么？ They often help with housework. 他們經常幫助干家務活。3. What does she do on weekends? 她周末干什么？ She sometimes goes shopping. 她有時購物。4. How often do you go to the movies? 你多久看電影一次？ I go to the movies maybe once a month. 可能一個月看一次。5. How often does he watch TV? 他多久看電視一次？ He hardly ever watches TV. 他幾乎不看電視。6.

30、 Do you go shopping? 你購物嗎？ No, I never go shopping. 不，我從來就不購物三、習慣用法、搭配1. help sb. with sth 幫助某人做某事 2. How about? =What about? .怎么樣？/ .好不好？3. want sb. to do sth. 想讓某人做某事 4. How many + 可數名詞復數+ 一般疑問句 .有多少.5. 主語+ find+ that 從句 發現 6. Its + adj.+ to do sth. 做某事是.的7. spend time with sb. 和某人一起度過時光 8. ask sb

31、. about sth. 向某人詢問某事9. by doing sth. 通過做某事 10. Whats your favorite? 你最喜歡的是什么？11. start doing sth. 開始做某事 12. the best way to do sth. 做某事的最好方式四、詞語辨析1. exercise （v/n）的用法 1）（動）:鍛煉. 如： He exercises every day.2) (可數名詞)“.操;練習”. 如：do morning/ eye exercises; do math exercises 3).(不可數名詞):“鍛煉;運動”講：如： We often

32、do / take exercise on weekends.2.辨析：sometimes ，some times ，sometime ， some timesometimes 有時候。=at times也是“有時”的意思。提問用how oftensome times 幾次。time作可數名詞時可作“次數”解；表示“時間”時是不可數名詞。How many timessometime 某個時候?？芍笇淼哪硞€時候。提問用whensome time 一段時間。常與for連用。對它提問用how long ?？谠E記憶：分開“一段時間” ；相聚“某個時候”。Eg：Sometimes I get up v

33、ery late. 有時我起床很晚。I will go to shanghai sometime next week. 下周某個時候我要去上海。He reads the story some times. 他讀這個故事幾遍了。Ill stay here for some time. 我將會在這兒呆一段時間。練習： We plan to stay in Hainan for . . 我們打算在海南呆一段時間。 I am sure that we have met _ before. 我肯定我們之前見過幾次了。 I _ have letters from him. 有時我會收到他的來信。3. ha

34、rdly ever 幾乎不 hardly ever相當于hardly eg：There is hardly any food left. 幾乎沒有食物剩下。辨析：hardly 與hardhardly 幾乎不，一般位于行為動詞之前be動詞之后。 hard 形容詞/副詞， 努力，位于動詞之后。eg：He hardly works. 他幾乎不工作。 He works hard. 他工作努力。艱苦，hard work4.辨析：maybe 和may be maybe (adv): 也許，大概 （一般放句首），在句中是放在be動詞后，行為動詞之前。 例：(Maybe) he (maybe) knows i

35、t. may + v(原)：也許是，大概是 “情態動詞+be動詞”結構。（位于句中） He may know it.如：Maybe he is at home.= He is maybe at home.= He may be at home. 1. Lily an English teacher. Lily可能是一名英語老師。=_5.how often 表示“多久一次”，是對動作的頻率進行提問。其通?；卮鹩校?） 頻率副詞： always, usually, often, sometimes, hardly ever, never2）次數時間段: 如：once or twice a week

36、3）every 時間段: every four years 每四年一次every day (每天) 區別：everyday（每天的；日常的）注意：表示“一次或兩次”時，一般用once和twice表示。如：once a month(一個月一次)而表示“三次或以上”時，則用“數詞times”結構。如：five times a year (一年五次) 拓展：由how構成的疑問詞組的用法1）how many+ 可數名詞復數 如：how many programs2）how much+不可數名詞。 如：how much coffee 但how much=whats the price of.? 還有“多

37、少錢”的意思 如：How much are those pants?3)how many times: “多少次”. 其答語表示次數。如：once ,twice，three times等4) How old.? 詢問年齡 如：How old are you? I am five.5）多久(時間) 常用 for two days，for three hours等回答。 多長（某物的長度） 如：-How long is the river? - 10 kms. 6)how soon 用來詢問過多久，多久以后，其答語是in+一段時間，與將來時態連用 如：How soon wil he come ba

38、ck？ In an hour。6.full1）“滿的；飽的” be full of例如 : The bottle is full of water. 瓶子里裝滿了水。2）.“忙的”=busy He had a full life surprise 1). be surprised at sth. 對 感到意外 2).(v.) 使驚奇、意外： be surprised to do sth. 驚訝做某事 3).be surprised that + 從句如：I was surprised at the news = I was surprised to hear the news.7.twenty

39、 percent students dont exercise at all. 百分之20的學生根本不鍛煉。. 百分數由percent來表示，構成：基數詞+percent ,謂語動詞由of后名詞決定。Eg：Seventy percent of the boys like playing computer games. 男生中70%喜歡完電腦游戲。Sixty percent of the water is clean. not. at all 意為“一點兒也不，根本不”。Eg：I dont know about it at all. 對那件事我一點也不知道。拓展：Not at all = you

40、 are welcome 意為“不用謝，不客氣”。Eg：-Thank you for your help. -Not at all.8.Although many students like to watch sports，game shows are the most popular. 盡管許多學生喜歡看運動類節目，但游戲類節目是最受歡迎的。although 連詞。意為“雖然，盡管”。but 意為“但是”。英語中，although與but不能同時使用。Eg：Although it rained，the boys still played outside.= It rained，but the

41、 boys still played outside. 盡管天下雨了，但男孩們仍在外面玩耍。1. My cousin knows a lot about geography，_ he is only four years old.A. because B. so C. although9.She says its good for my health. 她說那對我的健康有益。（1）be good for：“對有好處”。 如：Doing exercise is good for our health.（2）be good at：“擅長于” 如：He is good at playing foot

42、ball. (3) be good with: “與相處好” 如： The teacher is good with his students.10.Its good to relax by using the Internet or watching game shows. 1).by+doing He learns English by singing English songs. 2).通過 方式 He went home by bus.= He went home on the bus= He took the bus home.區別：through 通過 方式+名詞：The best

43、 way to relax is through exercise. （從里面）穿過： Climb through the window.注意： 橫過（從物體的表面一邊到另一邊用across）如： walk across the street.10. such as =like + 名短： 如： such as winning the game. for example + 句子： 如：Its healthy for the mind and the body.11.spend度過（時間） 如：spend the weekend with family 花費（時間、錢） 如：He spent

44、20 yuan (in) buying the magazine.同義句： He spent 20 yuan on the magazine. He paid 20 yuan for the magazine. The magazine cost him 20 yuan.重點：sb spend timemoney on sth. 在.上花費時間或金錢He didnt spend much time on his homework. 他沒在作業方面花很多時間。I spend 200 yuan on a new coat. sb spend timemoney （in） doing sth. 花費

45、時間或金錢做某事Dont spend too much time watching TV. 不要花費太多時間看電視。He always spends his time playing football. Eg: I enjoy playing computer games,but I cant too much time that.A.take, doing B.spend, doing C.spend, for doing D.take, to dospend time with sb 花費時間和某人在一起區別：take: It takes sb some time to do sth.花費

46、某人某段時間做某事。 Pay: sb pay some money for sth某人為某物付了某些金錢（知道錢的數目）Sb pay for sth 某人為某物而付款（不知道付了多少錢）Sth cost sb some money 某物花費某人某些金錢例： It took me half hour to get home last night. He has paid for the book. The book cost him five dollars.12. but和howeverbut 并列連詞 “然而，但是”。 可直接連接前后兩個句子，表轉折關系。However 副詞 “然而，但是”

47、。 不能直接連接句子，必須用逗號與句子隔開。Eg:1.It began to rain, , we went out to look for the boy. 天開始下雨了，但我們還是出去尋找那個男孩了。2. It's a sunny morning， very cold. 這是個晴朗的早晨，但是卻很冷。13.afraid 意為“擔心的，害怕的”。.be afraid to do sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：I am afraid to travel by plane. 我害怕乘飛機旅行。.be afraid of sb. sth. 害怕某人某物 be afraid of doing

48、sth. 害怕做某事 Eg：She is afraid of the dog. 她害怕那只狗。 be afraid of asking questions. 不要怕問問題。 be afraid to do sth.= _ 害怕做某13. 1）find + 賓語 +名詞, 例 ： We have found him (to be) a good boy. 2）find + 賓語 + 形容詞， 例： He found the room dirty. 3）find + 賓語 + 現在分詞 發現某人正在做某事 例 ： I found her standing at the door. 4）find +

49、it +形容詞+to do sth. I found it difficult to work out this math problem . Unit3 Im more outgoing than my sister一、詞組、短語：1. more outgoing 更外向/更開朗，2. as.as. 與一樣，not as/so.as. (肯定后者，否定前者) 與.不一樣3. the singing competition 歌詠比賽，4. the most important 最重要的，5. be talented in music 在音樂方面有天賦，6. the same as 與相同7. care about 關心/留意/關注， 8. be different from 與不同，9. be like a mirror 像一面鏡子，10.a piece of informat