1、National Day?Do you have any plan?Chat on line我想去旅游。我想去旅游。I want to go travelling. want I to gotravelling句子排序句子排序Can you translate it into English?I am not money. How can I make everyone love me?英語的句子是如何組成的？英語的句子是如何組成的？由一個個單詞組成由一個個單詞組成單詞如何構成句子？單詞如何構成句子？句句 子子 成成 分分Members of a Sentence 構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成

2、分。構成句子的各個部分叫做句子成分。 句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；句子成分有主要成分和次要成分；（一）句子成分的定義：（一）句子成分的定義：句子成分由詞或詞組充當句子成分由詞或詞組充當句子成分句子成分英語的基本成分：英語的基本成分：_和和_主語主語(subject)、謂語謂語(predicate)、表語表語(predicative)、 賓語賓語(object)、定語定語(attribute)、狀語狀語( (adverbial)補語補語(complement)主要成分有主要成分有主語和謂語主語和謂語；次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、次要成分有表語、賓語、定語、狀語、補足語、同位語和補足語、同

3、位語和插入語插入語。一一: (主謂主謂)二二: (主系表主系表)三三: (主謂賓主謂賓)四四: (主謂間賓直賓主謂間賓直賓)五五: (主謂賓賓補主謂賓賓補)五種基本句型結構：五種基本句型結構：掌握這五種基本句型掌握這五種基本句型, , 是掌握各種是掌握各種英語句子結構的基礎。英語句子結構的基礎。We will come.(Subject)是動作的發出者，或表是動作的發出者，或表示句子說的是什么，什么事。示句子說的是什么，什么事。e.g The book is so interesting.一一 . .主語主語什么詞性的詞能做主語？什么詞性的詞能做主語？ Jane is playing the

4、piano. She went out in a hurry. Four plus four is eight.To see is to believe. Smoking is bad for health. The young should respect the old. What he has said is true.名詞名詞代詞代詞數詞數詞不定式不定式動名詞動名詞名詞化的形容詞名詞化的形容詞主語從句主語從句二二 . .謂語謂語(Predicate) 說明主語所做的動說明主語所做的動作或具有的特征和狀態。由動詞作或具有的特征和狀態。由動詞或動詞短語構成。或動詞短語構成。e.g The

5、plane took off at ten oclock. 簡單謂語：由一個動詞簡單謂語：由一個動詞 或動詞短語構成。或動詞短語構成。基本句型基本句型 一：一：+ +（主謂）（主謂）不及物動詞不及物動詞1. The sunrose.2. Who cares?3. The pen writes smoothly.共同特點共同特點:即句子的謂語動詞能表達即句子的謂語動詞能表達完整的意思完整的意思(不及物動詞不及物動詞)，后可，后可+副詞、副詞、介詞介詞短語、狀語從句等。短語、狀語從句等。三三 . .表語表語(Predicative)位于位于系動詞之后系動詞之后,用用以說明主語的以說明主語的性質、特

6、征、狀態性質、特征、狀態與身份與身份。e.g All of you are excellent. It sounds a good idea.: :系動詞分類系動詞分類一一.表持續或變化表持續或變化:be, keep, seem, get , become, turn, remain. seemsvery angry.looksHe二二. .感官動詞感官動詞: : look，sound, smell, write, feel等。等。What about watching a film tonight?It sounds a good idea.The blue bird looks very

7、tired. My father is a professor. Whos that? Its me. Everything here is expensive. The match became very exciting. The story of my life may be of help to others. Three times five is fifteen. His plan is to seek work in the city. My first idea was that you should hide your feelings. 名詞名詞 代詞代詞形容詞形容詞介詞短

8、語介詞短語數詞數詞不定式不定式句子句子形容詞形容詞1. The dinnersmellsgood. 2. Everythinglooksdifferent. 3. The milkhas gonebad.基本句型二：基本句型二： ( (主系表主系表) ) 四四. . 賓語賓語（Object）表示表示動作的對象或承動作的對象或承受者受者，一般位于，一般位于動詞或介詞后面動詞或介詞后面。e.g He is doing his homework. Dad gave me some money.雙賓語雙賓語 She covered her face with her hands. We havent

9、seen her for ages. Do you mind opening the window? Give me four please. He wants to dream a nice dream. We need to know what others are doing. We should care about our friends. 名詞名詞代詞代詞 動名詞動名詞代詞和數詞代詞和數詞不定式不定式句子句子名詞名詞1. Whoknowsthe answer? 2. He has refusedto help them. 3. Heenjoysreading. 4. Hesaid“

10、Good morning.”5. The rain prevented me from coming to school on time.找找看，賓語在哪？找找看，賓語在哪？基本句型基本句型 三三:+(及物動詞及物動詞)+(賓語賓語)句型句型特點特點：謂語動詞：謂語動詞都具有實義都具有實義, , 但不能表達完整的意思但不能表達完整的意思, , 必須跟必須跟有一個賓語有一個賓語, , 即動作的承受者即動作的承受者, , 才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫及物動詞。及物動詞。基本句型基本句型 四四: :+ + + + ( (主謂間賓直賓主謂間賓直賓) )有些及物動詞可以有兩個賓語

11、有些及物動詞可以有兩個賓語, e.g. give/pass/bring/show。通常一個通常一個指人指人( (間接賓語間接賓語); ); 一個指物一個指物( (直接賓語直接賓語) )。Give me a cup of tea please.Lend me your dictionary, please.Give a cup of tea to me please.人物物 五五. .賓補賓補e.g We saw her entering the room.I see a girl smiling in the house.英語有些及物動詞，除了要有英語有些及物動詞，除了要有賓語之外賓語之外，還

12、要加上賓語補足，還要加上賓語補足語，才能使句子的語，才能使句子的意義完整意義完整。What can you see in the picture?I see a dolphin dancing.I can see a boy making a wish.1. Theypaintedthe doorgreen. 2. Theyfoundthe housedestoryed. 3. Heaskedmeto come back soon. 4. I sawthemgetting on the bus. 找出下例句子的賓補找出下例句子的賓補賓補是對賓語進行的補充。賓補和賓賓補是對賓語進行的補充。賓補和

13、賓語是邏輯上的主謂關系，可以構成一語是邏輯上的主謂關系，可以構成一個句子。賓語和賓補構成了復合結構。個句子。賓語和賓補構成了復合結構。e.g The door is green. 主語補足語主語補足語 如果上述結構變成如果上述結構變成被動語態，原賓語成為主語，被動語態，原賓語成為主語，原原賓語補足語相應地變為主補。賓語補足語相應地變為主補。 They elected me captain of the team. I was elected captain of the team.六六 . .定語定語定語定語 是修飾是修飾_詞詞. .單詞作定語時單詞作定語時放在它所修飾的名詞之放在它所修飾的名

14、詞之_；反；反之則放在它所修飾的名詞之之則放在它所修飾的名詞之_。名名前前后后 They are woman workers. Toms father didnt come home Whos the girl in black? Mary is a beautiful girl. The play has three acts. This is her first trip to Europe. China is a developing country. I have nothing to eat. Those who want to go to Tibet are to sign the

15、ir names here. 名詞名詞名詞所有格名詞所有格形容詞形容詞數詞數詞形容詞形容詞 / /序數詞序數詞 / /不定式不定式現在分詞現在分詞 不定式不定式從句從句介詞短語介詞短語七七. . 狀語狀語表示表示地點、時間、原因、目的、地點、時間、原因、目的、結果、條件、讓步、方式、程度結果、條件、讓步、方式、程度伴隨情況伴隨情況等可由單個詞、多個詞等可由單個詞、多個詞或句子構成。或句子構成。修飾修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句的成分叫狀語。的成分叫狀語。1.Lights travels quickly.2. He is living in the city. 3. He

16、is proud to have such a son.4. He is the room making a wish.5. Wait a second.6. Come this way.7. It is difficult to live where there is little water.副詞副詞介詞短語介詞短語不定式不定式分詞分詞名詞名詞名詞名詞從句從句 The fish swim near the bottom. I left the village five years ago. I arrived late because of the rain. Well send a ca

17、r to fetch you. The fish can eat a person in two minutes , leaving only bones. The students entered the classroom, singing and dancing. If he goes, so will I . Though he is a child, he knows a lot. 地點地點時間時間原因原因目的目的結果結果伴隨伴隨條件條件讓步讓步( (二二).).五種簡單句基本句型五種簡單句基本句型 主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +賓語賓語 主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +間賓間賓+ +直賓

18、直賓 主語主語+ +謂語謂語+ +賓語賓語+ +賓補賓補動動詞詞系動詞系動詞不及物不及物動詞動詞及物及物動詞動詞主語主語+ +系系+ +表語表語主語主語+ +謂語謂語 你的故事聽起來很有趣。_ _. 把魚放在冰箱里，否則它會變壞。_ _.You story sounded very interesting.Put the fish into fridge, or they will go bad.1 1主語主語 + + 系動詞系動詞 + + 表語表語2 2主語主語 + + 謂語謂語1）Building has started. 主語主語 謂語謂語 _搭配：搭配：The teacher teaches well. The child walks very slowly. _搭配搭配:The girl looked at the wall. The children ran into the forest.動詞動詞副詞副詞動詞動詞介詞介詞3 3主語主語 + + 謂語謂語 + + 賓語賓語1）Few students like taking exams.2）He forgot to close the door.3）I hope I can speak English fluently. 4 4主語主語 + + 謂語謂語 + + 間賓間賓 + + 直賓直賓1）Grandma coo