1、 動詞的時態動詞的時態 初中英語的動詞時態主要有五種:一般現在時一般現在時,一一般過去時般過去時,一般將來時一般將來時,現在進行時現在進行時,現在完成時現在完成時. 1. 一般現在時： 構成構成:主要由動詞原形表示，但在第三人稱單數時要在詞尾加-s 。否定句和疑問句要用助動詞do, does. 一般現在時 的標志性時間標志性時間：every( year,otherday ,twodays,week,month) ,often ,always,usually ,sometimes, in the morning,in summer,on Sunday 用法用法3種情況種情況 A. 經常性或習慣性

2、的動作。如The trees get green in spring . 。B現在特征或狀態。如The Changjiang River is the longest in our country.He doesn t work in the factory .C.普遍真理。如The sun rises in the east . Five and two in seven . 否定形式：否定形式：1.dont+動詞原形I dont like it. They dont like it. 2.當主語是第三人稱單數時，則為: doesnt+動詞原形He doesnt like it. 一般疑問句

3、：一般疑問句：把do 或does 放在主語的前面， 后面動詞用原形 Do you like it? Does Ann like it?Does he like it ? 2現在進行時： 構成：構成：句子的結構如下： be am is +動詞的動詞的“ing”形式形式 are 標志性時間標志性時間now 用法用法 A,主要表示現在或現階段正在進行的動作。如： 1. I am listening to the music now. 2. The students are drawing pictures now. 3. Listen! She is singing . 4. Look! Mr Li

4、 is riding a bike. B,有些動詞的現在進行時表示近期按計劃計劃或安排要進行的動作。這些動詞是：go ,come, leave ,start ,arrive , return ,work sleep,stay,play,do,have ,wear.She is coming to see me tomorrow. 其中，動詞的動詞的ing形式變化規則形式變化規則： A.在動詞后直接加在動詞后直接加ing: go-going , wash-washing,flyflying B.以單個元音以單個元音+單個輔音單個輔音+e結尾結尾 ， 去掉去掉e加加ing,如如 ：drivedri

5、ving, ride-riding C.某些單詞要雙寫詞尾的字母：某些單詞要雙寫詞尾的字母：swim- swimming runrunning get-getting3.按要求進行句型轉換： 1. Look! Lily is dancing.（改為一般疑問句） _ 2. Kate is looking for her watch.（改為否定句） _ 3. Mrs White is watching TV.（對劃線部分提問） _ 4. I am doing homework.（改為否定句） _ 5. They are waiting for you at the library.（就劃線部分提問

6、） _ 3 一般將來時： 構成： will/shall動詞原形表示將來發生 的動作或將來存在的狀態 表示一種傾向或一種固有特性或經常發生的動作be going to動詞原形標識即將發生的或最近打算進行的事標志性時間標志性時間： tomorrow, next month, in two days, It wont rain tonight . I shall meet you at the station. 適應情況適應情況：主要表示將要發生的動作或情況。He is going to have a swim tomorrow. 特殊情況特殊情況：有些動詞如go,come,leave,arrive

7、，start,move等位置移動詞可用現在進行時現在進行時表示將要發生的動作。 一般將來時練習:( ) 1. There _ a meeting tomorrow afternoon. A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be( ) 2. Charlie _ here next month. A. isnt working B. doesnt working C. isnt going to working D. wont work( ) 3. He _ very busy this w

8、eek, he _ free next week. A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be( ) 4. There _ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening. A. was B. is going to have C. will have D. is going to be( ) 5. _ you _ free tomorrow? No. I _ free the day after tomorrow. A. Are; going to; will B. Are; g

9、oing to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be( ) 6. Mother _ me a nice present on my next birthday. A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give( ) 7. Shall I buy a cup of tea for you? _. （不，不要。） A. No, you wont. B. No, you arent. C. No, please dont. D. No, please.( ) 8. Whe

10、re is the morning paper? I _ if for you at once. A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 9. _ a concert next Saturday? A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are( ) 10. If they c

11、ome, we _ a meeting. A. have B. will have C. had D. would have( ) 11. He _ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday. A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving( ) 12. He _ to us as soon as he gets there. A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote( ) 13. He _ in three days. A. coming

12、back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back( ) 14. If it _ tomorrow, well go roller-skating. A. isnt rain B. wont rain C. doesnt rain D. doesnt fine( ) 15. Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow? No, _ （不去）. A. they willnt. B. they wont. C. they arent. D. the

13、y dont.( ) 16. Who _ we _ swimming with tomorrow afternoon? A. will; go B. do; go C. will; going D. shall; go( ) 17. We _ the work this way next time. A. do B. will do C. going to do D. will doing( ) 18. Tomorrow he _ a kite in the open air first, and then _ boating in the park. A. will fly; will go

14、 B. will fly; goes C. is going to fly; will goes D. flies; will go( ) 19. The day after tomorrow they _ a volleyball match. A. will watching B. watches C. is watching D. is going to watch( ) 20. There _ a birthday party this Sunday. A. shall be B. will be C. shall going to be D. will going to be( )

15、21. They _ an English evening next Sunday. A. are having B. are going to have C. will having D. is going to have( ) 22. _ you _ free next Sunday? A. Will; are B. Will; be C. Do; be D. Are; be( ) 23. He _ there at ten tomorrow morning. A. will B. is C. will be D. be( ) 24. _ your brother _ a magazine

16、 from the library? A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrow C. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows( ) 25. Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon? _ （好的）. A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you wont.( ) 26. It _ the year of the horse next year. A. is going to be B. is goin

17、g to C. will be D. will is( ) 27. _ open the window? A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you( ) 28. Lets go out to play football, shall we? OK. I _. A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming( ) 29. It _ us a long time to learn English well. A. takes B. will take C

18、. spends D. will spend( ) 30. The train _ at 11. A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving答案1. C 2. D 3. D 4.D 5. D 6. B 7. C 8. D 9. B 10. B 11. D 12. C 13. C 14. C 15. B 16. D 17. B 18. A 19. D 20. B 21. B 22. B 23. C 24. B 25. A 26. A 27. A 28. D 29. B 30. D 5.現在完成時現在完成時：

19、 構成：構成：助動詞助動詞have/has+過去分詞過去分詞(done) 句型：句型： 否定句：主語+have/has+not+過去分詞+其他. 一般疑問句：Have/Has+主語+過去分詞+其他. 簡略答語簡略答語: Yes, 主語主語 + have/has.(肯定肯定)No, 主語主語 + havent/hasnt.(否定否定) 標志性時間標志性時間： since ,for（one year.）, just, already, yet ,in the last five years, before.so far 適應的情況適應的情況： （1）現在完成時表示過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成

20、）現在完成時表示過去發生或已經完成的動作對現在造成的影響或結果的影響或結果 I have spent all of my money (so far).(含義是含義是:現在我沒有現在我沒有錢花了錢花了.) Guo zijun has (just/already) come. (含義：郭子君現在在含義：郭子君現在在這兒這兒) My father has gone to work.(含義是含義是:我爸爸現在不在這兒我爸爸現在不在這兒) 。（2）現在完成時可以用來表示發生在過去某一時刻的）現在完成時可以用來表示發生在過去某一時刻的,持續到現持續到現在的動作（用行為動詞表示）或狀態（在的動作（用行為動

21、詞表示）或狀態（be動詞表示）常與動詞表示）常與for（+時間段）時間段）,since（+時間點或過去時的句子）連用時間點或過去時的句子）連用. Mary has been ill for three days. I have lived here since 1998. has gone (to),has been (to), has been (in) 的區別的區別 Have/Has gone(to) :去了去了(現在不在說話現場現在不在說話現場) Where is your father？He has gone to Shanghai. Have/Has been (to) :去過（已不

22、在去過的地方）去過（已不在去過的地方） My father has been to Shanghai. Have/has been in：呆了多久（還在所呆的地：呆了多久（還在所呆的地方）方） My father has been in Shanghai for two months. /since two months ago. 現在完成時的標志現在完成時的標志1.現在完成時的含義之一是過去完成的動作對現在現在完成時的含義之一是過去完成的動作對現在仍有影響仍有影響,用以下四大標志詞可以表達這種含義用以下四大標志詞可以表達這種含義: * 以以already, just和和yet為標志為標志 H

23、e has already got her help.他已得到她的幫他已得到她的幫助。助。He has just seen the film.他剛剛看過這場電影。他剛剛看過這場電影。He hasnt come back yet.他還沒有回來。他還沒有回來。 * 以以ever和和never為標志為標志This is the best film I have ever seen.這是我曾經這是我曾經看過的最好的一部電影。看過的最好的一部電影。He has never been to Beijing.他從沒有到過北京。他從沒有到過北京。 * 以動作發生的次數為標志以動作發生的次數為標志He says

24、 he has been to the USA three times. 他說他已經去過美國三次了。他說他已經去過美國三次了。 * 以以so far（到目前為止）為標（到目前為止）為標+before He has got to Beijing so far.到目前為止他已到了到目前為止他已到了北京。北京。 She has passed the examso far.到目前為止到目前為止她已經通過了考試。她已經通過了考試。 2.過去已經開始的動作一直延續到現在過去已經開始的動作一直延續到現在, 甚至有甚至有可能繼續延續下去可能繼續延續下去,我們可以從動作我們可以從動作“延續延續”的的特性和特性和“時間時間”點段的區分入手點段的區分入手,進一步學習現進一步學習現在完成時。在完成時。 * for+時段時段 since+過去一個時間點過去一個時間點（過去（過去 從句）為標志從句）為標志 注意：注意： 1)現在完成時不能單獨與過去的時間狀現在完成時不能單獨與過去的時間狀語連用語連用, 如如yesterday,last week, three years ago 等等; 2)不能與不能與wh