1、 Development of Biomass in Three Gorges Zone站長素材 SC.CHINAZ.COM站長素材 SC.CHINAZ.COM Contents 1. Introduction2. Our local biomass and development3. Perspectives4. Current problems 1. Introductionbiomass resources ,such as forestry products, agricultural by-products, municipal, and industrial solid fibro

2、us wastes to control the net emission of CO2 renewablesustainableabundantly available reduce the petroleum dependence. However, the conversion system of biomass to energy is the matter of question.How to develop an high-efficiency technology for the transformation of biomass is the key to the questi

3、on.At present, there are three kinds of conversion systems of biomass . Liquid ProductsBiomassPhysical methodChemical method Bioengineering methodSolid fuel Gas ProductsH2、CH4.Lactic acid、Fuel ethanol、methanol、biodieselChemical transformation of biomass (cellulose) high temperature gasification pyro

4、lysis Catalysis Rh/CeO2 and Rh/CeO2/SiO2Disadvantages: the formation of tar (complex liquid mixture of oxygenates and higher hydrocarbons), and char (the carbonaceous solid) and the tough conditions of the gasification reaction Chemical transformation of biomass (cellulose)Catalysis Rh/CeO2 and Rh/C

5、eO2/SiO2 advantages: low temperatures (823K-923K) low impurity content Biotransformation of biomassAnaerobic digestion (AD) -biomethaneFermentation-lactic acid /ethanol/biodieselAdvantages: mild condition friendly environment good selectivity large scale-up2. Our local biomass and development by bio

6、transformation2. Our local biomass I - agricultural products rice、corn sweet potato rape orange (navel orange)Sweet potatoPlanting area: 6 million mu(1mu=666.7m2)Production :1.8 billion kgSeeding period: April every yearHarvest time : September every yearSoil : dry farming or barren landStarch conta

7、in:28%(wet), 40%(dry)Price: 0.10-0.20 RMB yuan (fresh )Rape Planting area: 1.9million mu (the largest one in our country)Production: 2 million tonsRapeseed Containing oil: 35-50%Rapeseed price :2,430 RMB yuan/ton(2005)Development 1-fuel ethanolPilot scale-up50L fermentation fuel ethanol production u

8、sing sweet potatoesProcess of fuel ethanol Strain: Saccharomyces cereviciae resistant to high temperature(50 ) and high degree of alcohol(15%)- Angel Yeast Co. Ltd offered.Technology: SSF and membrane separateFeedstock: sweet potato (leaf 、stalk ）Enzymatic system: endoglucanase and exoglucanase and

9、-glucosidase) and other specific enzymes SSF technology: Simultaneous sarccharification and fermentation using cellulase system (including endoglucanase and exoglucanase and -glucosidase) and other specific enzymes. Development 2-biodieselBiodiesel from rapeseed oilTechnology: biocatalyzed by double

10、-layer alginate -supported yeast原料油脂予處理固定化細胞醋酸甲酯過 濾 和干燥回收溶劑蒸餾生物催化生 物 柴油油渣Our local biomass II-agricultural residues corn cob wheat straw cotton rod and rape rod animal (cattle pig ) dung Our local biomass III -industrial wasteAngel Yeast Co., Ltd 20,000 tons baker s yeast / 45,000tons waste (a littl

11、e sugar, much cellulose )These biomass resources have complex compositions. We used anaerobic digestion to convert these biomass II and III to biomethane. Development-biomethane Biosynthesis pathway of biomethane and hydrogenOur Goals one village-one biogas stationDemonstration project of biomethane

12、 by anaerobic digestion 3. Perspectives Developing industrial production of fuel ethanol from sweet potatoes Building the demonstration project of biomethane by anaerobic digestionPilot scale-up research on the biodiesel from rapeseed oil.4.Current problems(1) Improving membrane separate technology

13、for industrial fuel ethanol from sweet potatoes or cellulose，further lowering the separation cost of ethanol-water(2) Designing high efficiency reactor foe anaerobic digestion(3) Establishing the good system (policy) for building the demonstration project of biomethane by anaerobic digestion to carry out “one villag