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3、ad tecnstrcin of pay orga nizains Sesmeag Twuuin ee w .be deoigca baSs士。nte -a.nlnd"bea ha astnces "loses> looe"pr oble, adca S - zains fw" S tocia nsedrs,、ga. L .-一port"L I I,rngcu aducain. Thi srrquirs ta te Oga一、單選題1、一只功率為11 W的電子高效節(jié)能燈，照明效果相當(dāng)于（）A. 25 W的白熾燈B. 40 W的白熾燈C.

4、60 W的白熾燈D. 100 W的白熾燈2、標(biāo)有“6V1.5W的小燈泡，通過(guò)它的電流隨兩端電壓變化的關(guān)系如圖所示， 若把這樣的三只燈泡串聯(lián)起來(lái)，接在12V的電源兩端，燈泡的電阻及實(shí)際功率 約為：A. 24Q 0.67W B. 20Q 0.8W C. 24Q 0.96W D. 20Q 0.67W3、在圖所示的電路中，電阻R1的阻值為10歐。閉合電鍵S,電流表A1的示數(shù)為0.6安，電流表A2的示數(shù)為0.3安。求：電源電壓。電阻R2消耗的電功率4、3. 一個(gè)燈泡標(biāo)有“220V40W字樣，當(dāng)把它接到110V的電路上時(shí)，它的實(shí)際 電功率是：A. 40WB. 19.8WC. 10WD.無(wú)法確定 5、下表為

5、一臺(tái)冷暖空調(diào)名牌上的有關(guān)數(shù)據(jù)，關(guān)于這臺(tái)空調(diào)，下列說(shuō)法正確的是 A.若連續(xù)制冷半小時(shí)，空調(diào)消耗的電能為 1. 27KW h e"-eot. sye a. rrm I ig peiumpkous、nq - fe" pay m - beB.空調(diào)要使用圖甲的兩孔插座甲V乙小C .使用空調(diào)的插座所接保險(xiǎn)絲的額定電流應(yīng)等于或稍大于6AD.使用空調(diào)時(shí)是其他形式的能轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)殡娔茈娫搭l率額定制冷額定制熱電壓功率 功率220V50Hz1200W1320W6、在如圖所示的電路中，電源電壓保持不變，開(kāi)關(guān) S閉合后，調(diào)節(jié)滑動(dòng)變阻器 滑片P的位置，當(dāng)燈泡L恰好正常發(fā)光時(shí)，電流表A的示數(shù)為0.5A,電壓表

6、V的示 數(shù)為2V,則關(guān)于該電路，下述判斷正確的是（）A.電源電壓是2VB.燈泡的額定功率是1WC.若滑片再向右滑動(dòng)，燈泡有可能被燒毀D.若滑片再向右滑動(dòng)，電流表示數(shù)將減小，電壓表示數(shù)將增大7、如圖甲所示的電路中，電源電壓恒定不變，R2=30Q,通過(guò)Ri的電流隨它兩端電壓變化關(guān)系如圖乙所示，則下列計(jì)算正確的是A. Ri的阻值大小是20QB.當(dāng)Si、S2、S3均閉合時(shí)，電流表的示數(shù)為0.5A,則通過(guò)電阻R2的電流時(shí)0.3AC.當(dāng)Si、S2、S3均閉合時(shí)，電流表的示數(shù)為0.5A,則電源電壓是6VD.當(dāng)Si閉合，S2、S3斷開(kāi)時(shí)，電流表的示數(shù)為0.15A,則R3消耗的功率是0.225WLearn Ge

7、nera Sec_y on "two to na" steg fur Cnsc.use - s" impor.ntspeec - use. a strong Timewachig "tea sue",""，olbul diay ,how t ste nghen proveparych- on, fg higt oospay member Gay org azatons "wo" embersa. ca . D.tiu»n ofe 'eol. nton to pay membes and

8、-ope. N nne. tavoidr - "oiXu Zhou, sch auue ad corupt biey ma ne boes, hisorial - .eiene a -muae . Tw i s ouu p_y unde te .ewgaros pay she- , - adcmmes e- c per saha da" he-pus" .,deGascmes atem oriroos pay orgai ee d ad be cme a n 一. on, b-c l -.i.g ibea ha Ishis the lstt" ie s.

9、 t posiie ma- -st looe"pr oble, adca s - zains "w"Stocia nse,rngc-u. cins, srrquirs ta te Oga nizai8、如圖所示的電路，電源電壓保持不變。電阻 Ro的阻值是30W。當(dāng)滑動(dòng)變阻器 接入電路的電阻為10WW,電流表的示數(shù)I;要使電流表的示數(shù)變?yōu)樵瓉?lái)的一半 ,滑動(dòng)變阻器連入電路的阻值應(yīng)是A. 15WB. 20WC. 30WD. 60W9、“220V100W的電烙鐵與“220V100W的電扇正常工作時(shí)，下列說(shuō)法中正確 的是A.電烙鐵單位時(shí)間消耗的電能比電扇的多B.電烙鐵單位時(shí)

10、間產(chǎn)生的熱量比電扇的多C.通過(guò)電烙鐵的電流比電扇的大D.電烙鐵消耗電能比電扇快10、把標(biāo)有“PZ220V15W和“PZ220V40W的甲、乙兩個(gè)燈泡串聯(lián)在家庭電路 中，設(shè)燈絲的電阻不變，下列判斷正確的是A.甲、乙兩燈消耗的電功率之比為 3： 8B.甲、乙兩燈消耗的總電功率小于12WC.甲燈消耗的電功率一定大于7.5WD.乙燈消耗的電功率一定大于4W、計(jì)算題11、如圖16所示，R1=400Q, R3的變阻范圍是020Q,電源電壓U保持12V不變圖16(1)當(dāng)K斷開(kāi)、滑片P滑到B點(diǎn)時(shí),電路消耗的總功率是1.2W,求R2的阻值;(2)當(dāng)K閉合、滑片P滑到A點(diǎn)時(shí)，求電路中每分鐘消耗的電能。12、一種有

11、冷風(fēng)和熱風(fēng)兩個(gè)檔位的電吹風(fēng)，其電路如圖所示，銘牌上的主要參 數(shù)如下表。額定電壓U/V220電源頻率f / Hz50冷風(fēng)功率P1/ W33熱風(fēng)功率P2 / W1200(1)電吹風(fēng)正常工作時(shí)，通過(guò)電動(dòng)機(jī)的電流是多少？(2)電熱絲正常工作時(shí)的電阻多大？(結(jié)果保留一位小數(shù))(3)電吹風(fēng)在熱風(fēng)檔正常工作1min,電吹風(fēng)消耗的電能是多少?13、(6分)李芳同學(xué)在做電學(xué)實(shí)驗(yàn)時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)滑動(dòng)變阻器有四個(gè)接線柱，她猜想:能不能利用這四個(gè)接線柱，連接出不同電路，獲得不同的作用效果。為了驗(yàn) 證這個(gè)猜想，她取了 12V的電源、阻值范圍0s48。的滑動(dòng)變阻器、“12V6W的 小燈泡、開(kāi)關(guān)各一個(gè)和導(dǎo)線若干，連接出如圖甲、乙兩

12、種不同電路。請(qǐng)你幫她 分析解決下面的問(wèn)題(設(shè)電源電壓不變，燈的電阻不變)甲乙(1)甲圖中小燈泡兩端電壓的變化范圍；(2)乙圖中小燈泡兩端電壓的變化范圍；(3)在甲乙兩種電路中，滑動(dòng)變阻器的作用效果有何不同?14、飲水機(jī)是一種常見(jiàn)的家用電器，具工作原理可簡(jiǎn)化為如圖所示的電路，具 中S是一個(gè)溫才S開(kāi)關(guān)，R1為發(fā)熱板，當(dāng)飲水機(jī)處于加熱狀態(tài)時(shí)，水被迅速加熱， 達(dá)到預(yù)定溫度時(shí)，開(kāi)關(guān)S自動(dòng)切換到另一擋，飲水機(jī)便處于保溫狀態(tài)。(1)試確定溫控開(kāi)關(guān)S接破b時(shí)，飲水機(jī)分別對(duì)應(yīng)的工作狀態(tài)。(2)若飲水機(jī)加熱時(shí)發(fā)熱板的功率為550W,而保溫時(shí)發(fā)熱板的功率為88W, 求電阻R2的阻值(不考慮溫度對(duì)阻值的影響)。gao

13、vLearn Genera Sec_y on "two to na" steg fur Cnsc.use - s" impor.ntspeec - use. a strong Timewachig "tea sue",“ " "of bull ay ,how t ste nghen proveparych- on, fg higt oospay member Gay org azatons "wo" embersa. ca . D.tiu»n ofgassos pay she - , - &qu

14、ot;a.cmmes e- c per s heembersa. dr- a."he is tbear ha -h、* the -tt ."- . posi- mage - s m Gas s "wo"s"cea nse15、(6分)冬天，李霞同學(xué)使用電熱毯時(shí)，發(fā)現(xiàn)電熱毯有高溫檔和低溫檔，她找 來(lái)說(shuō)明書(shū)，發(fā)現(xiàn)電熱毯的電路圖如下圖所示，電熱毯工作時(shí)電路要么處于A狀態(tài)：Si閉合，S2斷開(kāi)，S3接1;要么處于B狀態(tài)：Si閉合，S2閉合，S3接2。22OFV Si判斷A、B狀態(tài)分別對(duì)應(yīng)電熱毯哪個(gè)檔，并說(shuō)明理由；已知電熱毯在220V電壓下工作時(shí)，低溫檔工

15、作時(shí)消耗的功率是 48.4W,高溫 檔工作時(shí)電路的總電阻是160Q,試求Ri、R2分別為多少？(已知Ri>R2)?16、如圖所示是電飯鍋加熱和保溫時(shí)的電路示意圖。設(shè)加熱時(shí)的功率為1100瓦,保溫時(shí)功率為5瓦。(1)用學(xué)過(guò)的公式推理說(shuō)明，電飯鍋處于加熱狀態(tài)時(shí)，開(kāi)關(guān) S是斷開(kāi)還是閉合(2) R2的阻值為多大？17、(6分)學(xué)校科技小組的同學(xué)們制作了一個(gè)多檔位電熱器模型。為了分析接 入電路的電阻對(duì)電熱器的電功率的影響，他們將電表接入電路中，如圖所示。當(dāng)只閉合開(kāi)關(guān)S1時(shí)，電壓表的示數(shù)為U1,電阻R3消耗的電功率為P3；當(dāng)只閉合 開(kāi)關(guān)S2時(shí)，電壓表的示數(shù)為U2,電阻R3消耗的電功率為P3；測(cè)得此時(shí)

16、電阻R2消 耗的電功率為1.5W。已知U1 : U2=1 : 2,P3 ： P3' = 94,電源兩端電壓保持不變。(1)請(qǐng)你計(jì)算出電阻R1與電阻R2的比值。(2)科技小組的同學(xué)們通過(guò)測(cè)量與分析發(fā)現(xiàn)：當(dāng)開(kāi)關(guān) S1、S2、S3都閉合時(shí)，電路 消耗的電功率最大，請(qǐng)你計(jì)算出這個(gè)電功率。Learn Genera Se c_y on "two to na" steg fur Cnsc.use - s" impor.ntspeec - use. a strong Timewachig "teasue",“ " "olbul di

17、ay ,how t ste nghen proveparych- on, fig oos pay member Gay org azatons "wo" embersa. ca . Dstiu-ofg - sroots - "a.cmmes e- c per s heembersa. dr- a. "he is tbear ha -h、* the -tt ."- . positvemage am s m "wo"s"c- nse e"-eot. sye a. rrm I ig peiumpkous、nq

18、- fe" pay m - be18、中考前，由于氣溫偏高，小瑞的媽媽為了讓他有一個(gè)更好的學(xué)習(xí)環(huán)境，特 地買(mǎi)了一臺(tái)冷熱兩用的空調(diào)安裝在他的房間.這臺(tái)空調(diào)的說(shuō)明書(shū)中主要數(shù)據(jù)如表 所示，問(wèn)：電源電壓220V頻率50Hz 1額定制冷功率1320W額定制熱功率1420W(1)空調(diào)工作時(shí)應(yīng)選(2)空調(diào)正常制冷時(shí)電流為多大？連續(xù)正常制冷30min消耗的電能為多少kW h?(3)夏天由于空調(diào)使用較多，供電系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷增大，應(yīng)如何使用空調(diào)有利于減輕 供電系統(tǒng)負(fù)荷及節(jié)能？(答出一點(diǎn)即可)19、如圖15所示，Ri=20歐，R2=40歐，電源電壓保持不變.(1)當(dāng)Si、S2都閉合時(shí)，電流表Ai的示數(shù)是0.6安

19、，小燈泡L恰好正常發(fā)光，求 電源電壓和小燈泡的額定電壓；(2)當(dāng)&、S2都斷開(kāi)時(shí)，電流表A2的示數(shù)是0.2安，求小燈泡的實(shí)際功率;(3)小燈泡的額定功率是多少?5120、如圖所示，電源電壓U = 6V且保持不變，R1 = 10Q, R2是最大阻值為60。的 燈泡燈絲電阻不變.(1)當(dāng)R2的滑片P到最左端時(shí)，要使燈泡L正常發(fā)光，$、S2各應(yīng)處于什么狀態(tài)？(2)當(dāng)&、S2都斷開(kāi)，5分鐘內(nèi)燈泡L消耗的電能是多少？(3)調(diào)節(jié)滑動(dòng)變阻器滑片，閉合S1、S2,當(dāng)電流表示數(shù)最小時(shí)，整個(gè)電路消耗 的電功率是多少？Learn GeneralSe cretaryon"two to lea

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36、."- . posi- mage - s m Gas s "wo"s"cea nse試卷答案1.C 2.B 3.U = U2=Ui=IiRi = 0.6安 X0歐=6伏 3分P2=U2l2=6伏 >0.3安=1.8瓦4.C 5.C 6.B 7.ACD 8.C 9. B 10.BC11. (1)當(dāng)K斷開(kāi)、滑片P滑到B點(diǎn)時(shí)，R1被斷路，R2與R3串聯(lián)。(1分) 電路的總電流為：I=?=;2W =0.1A.(1 分)R3兩端的電壓為：U3=IR3=0.1A X 20會(huì)2VR2兩端的電壓為：U2=U-U3=12V-2 V=10V (分)R2=_ = _=100QJ 01A(1分)(2)當(dāng)K閉合、滑片P滑到A點(diǎn)時(shí)，R1與R2并聯(lián) (1分)它們的總電阻為：R=抬爾乂 沖 =80 Q 份)毓冷一技軟電路中每分鐘消耗的電能為：Q=: t二12rX60S=108J 陽(yáng)立 幽12. (1) 0.15A (2) 1167W,41.5 (3) 7.2X104J13. (1)在甲圖中，滑片P移動(dòng)到a點(diǎn)時(shí)，Rap= 0小燈泡兩端的電壓為電源電壓即12V當(dāng)滑片P移動(dòng)到b點(diǎn)時(shí)，Rab= 48Q,燈與滑動(dòng)變阻器串聯(lián)。 _. . 22RL = ULe/PLe= (12V) /6W=24Q R總=RL+Rab=24Q + 48Q