1、學必記單詞習目常考短語標全經(jīng)典句型解重點語法Lesson 49The end of a dreamtiredadj.厭煩的realadj.真實的ownern.擁有者springn.彈簧mattressn.床墊gustn.陣風windn.風sweepvt.掃crushvi.撞courtyardn.院子smashv.打碎miraculouslyadv 奇跡般地unhurtadj.沒有受傷的glancev.一瞥be tired of doing sth. 對做什么事情感到厭倦 save up 儲蓄，存錢blow up 爆炸；給輪胎打氣；吹氣球； 放大照片；壞天氣的突然來臨A gust of wind

2、 一陣風glance at 掃視，匆匆看一眼smash to pieces碎成片pick up 拾起、撿起lie around 散落在四周1. Tied of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.2. For the first time in his life, he became the proud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.3. He slept very well for the firs

3、t two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up.4. A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.5. Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt.6. Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay aroundhim, the man sadly pick

4、ed up the mattress and carried it into his house.一主從復合句定義：主從復合句由主句和從句兩部分構成。其中，從句充當主句的某個句子成分。 （主語，賓語，補語，狀語，同位語等） 種類主從復合句有三類名詞性從句 ：分成主語從句，表語從句，賓語從句，同位語從句等。定語從句 ：分成限定性定語從句，非限定性定語從句，雙重定語從句。狀語從句 ：分成時間狀語從句，地點狀語從句，原因狀語從句，方式狀語從句，結果狀語從句， 目的狀語從句，讓步狀語從句。二分詞1. 分詞的形式和意義英語中的分詞有兩種：現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞。分詞具有形容詞，副詞和動詞的特征。現(xiàn)在分詞可以

5、帶有狀語或賓語；過去分詞可以帶狀語，構成分詞短語。分詞或者分詞短語在句中可以作定語，表語，補語或者狀語。分詞的否定結構就是分詞前加 not。2. 分詞作狀語分詞作狀語可以表示時間，原因，條件，結果，讓步和方式等情況（經(jīng)常可以轉換成相應的狀語從句） ，通常放在句首或者句尾 （作狀語的分詞與主句之間往往用逗重點語法號隔開），在正常情況下分詞的邏輯主語就是主句的主語。 作時間狀語。Working in the factory (= While he worked in the factory), he was an advanced worker.在工廠工作時，他是一名先進工人。Heated by

6、an alcohol burner (=While it is heated by an alcohol burner), water can be changed into steam.水被酒精燈加熱后，可變成水蒸氣。 作方式狀語（表示伴隨的動作）He stayed at home, cleaning and washing.他待在家里，又擦又洗。She sat speechless, confused by what was going on.她一聲不吭地坐著，完全不明白究竟在發(fā)生什么事。 作原因狀語Not having heard from her son for a long time

7、, the mother worried a great deal.由于長時間沒有收到兒子的信件，母親非常著急。Given advice by the famous detective, the young lady was no longer afraid.有了著名偵探的指點。這個姑娘不在害怕了。 作結果狀語He dropped the glass, breaking it into pieces.他把杯子掉了，結果摔得粉碎。It rained for two weeks, completely ruining our holiday.雨下了兩個星期，把我們的假期都毀了。 作條件狀語Play

8、ing all day, you will waste your valuable time.要是整天玩，你就會浪費寶貴的時間。Taken in time, the medicine will be effective.吃得及時，這藥會非常有效。 作讓步狀語Considered as a building material, wood is not very strong.重點語法木材可以用來做建筑材料，但不很結實。Raining heavily, it cleared up very soon.雖然雨下得很大，但是很快就放晴了。3. 分詞作賓語補足語動詞 hear, see, watch ,

9、 find , have, get, feel, keep 等經(jīng)常用分詞作賓語補足語。例如I found him lying on the grass.我發(fā)現(xiàn)他躺在草坪上。He saw the ground covered with snow.他看到地上覆蓋著雪。1、 Tired of sleeping on the floor, a young man in Teheran saved up for years to buy a real bed.德黑蘭的一個年輕人由于對睡地板感到厭倦， 于是積蓄多年買了一張真正的床。 tired 引導的分詞短語省略了開頭的 being，其作用相當于原因狀語

10、從句： As he was tired of。sleeping 為動名詞，作介詞 of 的賓語。 save up為固定短語，表示“儲蓄” 、“攢錢”：I want to get married in one or two years, so Im trying to save (some money) up.我想一兩年之間內結婚，所以我在設法攢錢。 to 在這里用于表示目的，相當于in order to：教材全解I got up early to have a swim.為了游泳我起了個大早。2、 For the first time in his life, he became the pr

11、oud owner of a bed which had springs and a mattress.他生平第一次自豪地擁有了一張既有彈簧又帶床墊的床。 for the first time in ones life平生第一次 which引導的定義從句，修飾bed Spring 作名詞我們知道有“春天”的意思。那句有名的西風頌（ Ode to the West Wind written by Percy Shelley）中的詩句： , If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?（冬天來了，春天還遠嗎？）Spring 作名詞時還有“發(fā)條、彈簧”的意思。

12、課文中就是這種用法。3、Because the weather was very hot, he carried the bed on to the roof of his house. 由于天氣很熱，他便把床搬到他的屋頂上。on to（ onto） 類似與 in to（into），用于表示動作方向而不用于表示靜態(tài)的位置，不但有“去”的概念還有把它放到“ on”（上面） 的概念。 onto/on to 有時可用 on 代替，但表示位置的 on 不可用 onto 代替：Lift sth. on to the cart.把某物抬到馬車上The pen is on the table. （不能用 o

13、nto/on to）Mr. Thompson is jumped onto the stage.湯普森先生跳上了臺上。Mr. Thompson jumped on the stage.湯普森先生在臺上跳了跳。4、 He slept very well for the first two nights, but on the third night, a storm blew up.教材全解頭兩天晚上，他睡得很好，但是第三天晚上起了風暴。for the first two nights for the last three nights頭兩天晚上最后三天晚上blow up1. 爆炸The pla

14、ne blew up in midair.2. 給輪胎打氣；吹氣球3. 放大照片4. 壞天氣的突然來臨5. 生氣、發(fā)怒Jenny fathers blew up when she didn comet home last night.5、 A gust of wind swept the bed off the roof and sent it crashing into the courtyard below.一陣狂風把床從屋頂上刮了下來，把它摔碎在下面的院子里。 gust 表示“一陣強風，一陣狂風” ，既可單獨使用，也可用 a gust of wind 形式：A gust (of wind

15、) blew my hat off.She set off even though the wind was blowing in gusts.雖然當時陣陣狂風吹著，她還是出發(fā)了。 sweep vt. 掃，打掃：She sweeps the floor/ the room every morning.她每天早上掃地打掃房間。The room is swept clean.房間被打掃干凈了。 off = down/away from crashing into the courtyard below 是現(xiàn)在分詞短語，作賓語補足語。 crash （不及物動詞） 直接用主動形式， smash（及物動

16、詞）可用被動一個句子中不能出現(xiàn)兩個動詞，如果出現(xiàn)了兩個動詞，要用 and 或 but 連接；或者把其中一個作為非謂語動詞 to do(表目的 )，-ed(表被動 )，-ing( 表主動 )。6、The young man did not wake up until the bed had struck the ground. 那年輕人直到床撞到地上才醒過來。notuntil 表示“直到才”，until 前面沒有 not 時，與表示一段時間的“持續(xù)動詞”連用； 有 not 時，常用表示某一時間點的動詞 （或瞬間動詞） 連用 ,表示“直到 才” He waited for me until it

17、was getting dark.他等我直到天黑。I didntfinish my homework until my mother came back.教材全解直到我媽媽回來，我才完成作業(yè)。7、 Although the bed was smashed to pieces, the man was miraculously unhurt. 盡管床摔成了碎片，但年輕人卻奇跡般地沒有受傷。 piece 是“一張、一片”的意思，比如“ a piece of paper”（一張紙）。 smash v. 砸，粉碎 , 經(jīng)常與 up, into/to pieces 連用：The plate drippe

18、d on the floor and smashed into little pieces.盤子掉到了地上，砸成了小碎片。He had an accident and smashed up his car.他出了車禍，把汽車撞得粉碎。 miraculously 來自于名詞 miracle（奇跡）。miraculously是副詞，表示“奇跡般地” ,修飾形容詞， unhurt.8、 Glancing at the bits of wood and metal that lay around him, the man sadly picked up the mattress and carried it into his house.年輕人看了一眼周圍的碎片木片和碎片金屬片，傷心地撿起來床墊，把它拿進來屋。 . glancing 為現(xiàn)在分詞，引導的短語相當于一個時間狀語從句 after he glanced at。動詞的 ing 形式一定強調某一個名詞之間的主動關系。動詞 glance 的主要含義為“看一眼” 、“掃視”：John glanced at his watch and left the room.約翰看了一眼手表，然后離開了房間。Joe glanced through the newspaper while talking