1、初中英語定語從句用法及配套練習 一、定語從句的概念 在復合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫定語從句。被修飾的名詞或代詞叫先行詞，定語從句一般放在先行詞的后面。 二、定語從句的關系詞 引導定語從句的關系詞有關系代詞和關系副詞，常見的關系代詞包括that，which，who（賓格whom，所有格whose）等，關系副詞包括where，when，why等。關系代詞和關系副詞放在先行詞及定語從句之間起連接作用，同時又作定語從句的重要成分。 三、定語從句的分類 根據(jù)定語從句與先行詞的關系，定語從句可分為限制性定語從句及非限制性定語從句。限制性定語從句緊跟先行詞，主句與從句不用逗號分開，從句不可省去，非限

2、制性定語從句主句與從句之間有逗號分開，起補充說明作用，如省去，意思仍完整。 四、關系代詞的用法 1. that 既可以用于指人，也可以用于指物。在從句中作主語或賓語，作主語時不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如： Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.瑪麗喜歡輕柔的音樂。（that作主語） The coat （that） I put on the desk is blue.我放在桌子上的那件外套是藍色的。（that作賓語） 2.which用于指物，在句中作主語或賓語，作主語不可省略，作賓語可省略。例如： The building which stands

3、near the train station is a supermarket.位于火車站附近的那座大樓是一家超市。（作主語） The film （which） we saw last night was wonderful. 我們昨天晚上看的那部電影很好看。（作賓語） 3.who，whom用于指人，who 用作主語，whom用作賓語。在口語中，有時可用who代替whom， 也可省略。例如： The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.經(jīng)常在英語方面幫助我的那個女孩是英國人。（作主語） Who is the teach

4、er （whom） Li Ming is talking to？正在與李明談話的老師是誰？（作賓語） 注意： （1）當定語從句中含有介詞，介詞放在句末時，who，that，which可省略，但介詞在關系代詞前時，只能用“介詞+which/whom”結(jié)構(gòu)。例如： This is the house in which we lived last year.這是我們?nèi)ツ昃幼〉姆孔印?Please tell me from whom you borrowed the English novel.請告訴我你從誰那借的這本英文小說。 （2）含有介詞的固定動詞詞組中，介詞不可前置，只能放在原來的位置上。例如

5、： This is the person whom you are looking for. 這就是你要找的那個人。 （3）that 作介詞的賓語時，介詞不能放它的前面，只能放在從句中動詞的后面。例如： The city that she lives in is very far away.她居住的城市非常遠。 （4）關系詞只能用that的情況： a. 先行詞被序數(shù)詞或形容詞最高級所修飾，或本身是序數(shù)詞、基數(shù)詞、形容詞最高級時，只能用that，而不用which.例如： He was the first person that passed the exam. 他是第一個通過考試的人。 b.被修

6、飾的先行詞為all， any， much， many， everything， anything， none， the one等不定代詞時，只能用that，而不用which.例如： Is there anything that you want to buy in the shop？ 你在商店里有什么東西要買嗎？C.先行詞被the only， the very， the same， the last， little， few 等詞修飾時，只能用that，而不用which.例如： This is the same bike that I lost.這就是我丟的那輛自行車。 d. 先行詞里同時含有

7、人或物時，只能用that， 而不用which.例如： I can remember well the persons and some pictures that I saw in the room.我能清楚記得我在那個房間所見到的人和一些照片。 e.以who或which引導的特殊疑問句，為避免重復，只能用that.例如： Who is the girl that is crying？ 正在哭泣的那個女孩是誰？ f.主句是there be 結(jié)構(gòu)，修飾主語的定語從句用that，而不用which.例如： There is a book on the desk that belongs to Tom

8、. 桌子上那本書是湯姆的。 （5）關系詞只能用which，而不用that 的情況： a.先行詞為that， those時，用which， 而不用that.例如： Whats that which is under the desk？ 在桌子底下的那些東西是什么？ b.關系代詞前有介詞時，一般用which，而不用that.例如： This is the room in which he lives. 這是他居住的房間。 c.引導非限制性定語從句，用which， 而不用that.例如： Tom came back， which made us happy. 湯姆回來了，這使我們很高興。五、關系副詞

9、的用法 （1）when指時間，其先行詞表示時間，在句中作時間狀語。例如： This was the time when he arrived.這是他到達的時間。 （2）where指地點，其先行詞表示地點，在句中作地點狀語。例如： This is place where he works.這是他工作的地點。 （3）why 指原因，其先行詞是原因，起原因狀語作用。例如： Nobody knows the reason why he is often late for school. 沒人知道他為什么上學總遲到。 練習題 I.單項填空 1. -Do you know the man _is talk

10、ing with your father？ -Yes， hes our headmaster. A. he B. who C. which D. whom 2. Is this the river _I can swim？ A. which B. in which C. that D. the one 3. This is the best hotel in the city _I know. A. where B. which C. that D. it 4. Can you lend me the dictionary _the other day？ A. that you bought

11、B. you bought it C. that you bought it D. which you bought it 5. Anyone _with what I said may put up you hands. A. which agrees B. who agree C. who agrees D. which agree 6. My watch is not the only thing _ is missing. A. that B. it C. which who 7. The man _coat is black is waiting at the gate A. who

12、s B. whose C. that of which. 8. The girl _ is reading under the tree _my sister. A. which； is B. whom； was C. who； is D. who； was 9. I love places _the people are really friendly. A. that B. which C. where D. who 10. The world _ is made up of matter. A. in that we live B. on which we live C. where w

13、e live in D. we live in 、用適當?shù)年P系代詞that， which， who， whom填空。 1. The first thing _you must do is to have a meal. 2. April 1st is the day _is called April Fools Day in the west. 3. The family _had lost everything in a big fire got much help from their friends. 4. The house _we live in is very old. 5. Di

14、dnt you see the man_ stand over there?初中英語定語從句練習題（一）一選擇填空1. Dont talk about such things of _ you are not sure.A. which B. what C. as D. those2. Is this the factory _ you visited the other day?A. that B. where C. in which D. the one3. Is this factory _ some foreign friends visited last Friday?A. that

15、 B. where C. which D. the one4. Is this the factory _ he worked ten years ago?A. that B. where C. which D. the one5. The wolves hid themselves in the places _ couldnt be found.A. that B. where C. in which D. in that6. The freezing point is the temperature _ water changes into ice.A. at which B. on t

16、hat C. in which D. of what7. This book will show you _ can be used in other contexts.A. how you have observed B. what you have observedC. that you have observed D. how that you have observed8. The reason is _ he is unable to operate the machine.A. because B. why C. that D. whether9. Ill tell you _ h

17、e told me last week.A. all which B. that C. all that D. which10. That tree, _ branches are almost bare, is very old.A. whose B. of which C. in which D. on which11. I have bought the same dress _ she is wearing.A. as B. that C. which D. what12. He failed in the examination, _ made his father very ang

18、ry.A. which B. it C. that D. what13. Were talking about the piano and the pianist _ were in the concert we attended last night.A. which B. whom C. who D. that14. The girl _ an English song in the next room is Toms sister.A. who is singing B. is singing C. sang D. was singing15. Those _ not only from

19、 books but also through practice will succeed.A. learn B. who C. that learns D. who learn16. Anyone _ this opinion may speak out.A. that against B. that against C. who is against D. who are against17. Didnt you see the man _?A. I nodded just now B. whom I nodded just nowC. I nodded to him just now D

20、. I nodded to just now18. Can you lend me the novel _ the other day?A. that you talked B. you talked about itC. which you talked with D. you talked about19. Is there anything _ to you?A. that is belonged B. that belongsC. that belong D. which belongs20. - “How do you like the book?”- “Its quite diff

21、erent from _ I read last month.”A. that B. which C. the one D. the one what21. Mr. Zhang gave the textbook to all the pupils except _ who had lready taken them.A. the ones B. ones C. some D. the others22. The train _ she was travelling was late.A. which B. where C. on which D. in that23. He has lost

22、 the key to the drawer _ the papers are kept.A. where B. in which C. under which D. which24. Antarctic _ we know very little is covered with thick ice all the year round.A. which B. where C. that D. about which25. Its the third time _ late this month.A. that you arrived B. when you arrivedC. that yo

23、uve arrived D. when youve arrived26. It was in 1969 _the American astronaut succeeded in landing on the moon.A. that B. which C. when D. in which27. May the fourth is the day _ we Chinese people will never forget.A. which B. when C. on which D. about which28. We are going to spend the Spring Festiva

24、l in Guangzhou, _ live my grandparents and some relatives.A. which B. that C. who D. where29. The hotel _ during our holidays stands by the seaside.A. we stayed at B. where we stayed atC. we stayed D. in that we stayed30. Is it in that factory _ “Red Flag” cars are produced?A. in which B. where C. w

25、hich D. that31. It is the Suez Canal _ separates Asia _ Africa.A. which, to B. where, from C. that, from D. that, with32. Under the bridge, however, almost directly below, _ was a small canoe, with a boy in it.A. there B. where C. it D. which33. He is not _ a fool _.A. such, as he is looked B. such,

26、 as he looksC. as, as he is looked D. so, as he looks34. Is that the reason _ you are in favour of the proposal?A. which B. what C. why D. for that35. He must be from Africa, _ can be seen from his skin.A. that B. as C. who D. what36. He has two sons, _ work as chemists.A. two of whom B. both of who

27、m C. both of which D. all of whom37. I, _ your good friend, will try my best to help you out.A. who is B. who am C. that is D. what is38. He is a man of great experience, _ much can be learned.A. who B. that C. from which D. from whom39. - Do you know the town at all?- No, this is the first time I _

28、 here.A. was B. have been C. came D. am coming40. I dont like _ you speak to her.A. the way B. the way in thatC. the way which D. the way of which41. The two things _ they felt very proud are Jims gold watch and Dellas hair.A. about which B. of whichC. in which D. for which42. The dinner was the most expensive meal we _.A. would have B. have ha