1、2021/4/1120132013年全國醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語統(tǒng)一年全國醫(yī)學(xué)博士外語統(tǒng)一考試英語試題講解及考場點(diǎn)睛考試英語試題講解及考場點(diǎn)睛承雨承雨 JACKY2014-1-152021/4/122021/4/13聽力解題技巧聽力解題技巧1.劃出關(guān)鍵詞并預(yù)判劃出關(guān)鍵詞并預(yù)判2.對比分析對比分析3.排除法排除法4.重點(diǎn)聽回答句，答案就在回答句里面重點(diǎn)聽回答句，答案就在回答句里面5.注意聽同義詞替換注意聽同義詞替換 / 同義詞轉(zhuǎn)述同義詞轉(zhuǎn)述6.帶有絕對性詞語的選項(xiàng)一定是錯的帶有絕對性詞語的選項(xiàng)一定是錯的7.數(shù)字題：數(shù)字題：thirteen/thirty; eighteen/eighty.2021/4/142

2、013年真題聽力年真題聽力2021/4/15Conversation 1 Conversation 1 M: Whats the matter with this little boy?W: He has a chesty cough all the time. His temperature is high. And he keeps telling me he wants to be sick.M: Does he bring anything upbring anything up?W: No, because he has been off his food for the past

3、two days. He just brings upbrings up (嘔吐) bilebile (膽汁). Q: Which of the following is not the boys symptom?2021/4/16Conversation 2Conversation 2W: Good afternoon, doctor. I have a terrible headache. Yesterday I had a runny noserunny nose. Now my nose is stuffed upis stuffed up. M: Let me give you an

4、 examination. First, let me have a look at your throat. Ok, now let me examine your chest. Do you have a history of tuberculosistuberculosis? W: No, I dont think so. M: Your throat is inflamed and your tongue your tongue is thickly coatedis thickly coated. You have all the symptoms of influenza. Q:

5、What is the woman suffering from?2021/4/17Conversation 3Conversation 3W: What are you looking for?M: My laptop. I cant find it in my bag or anywhere. W: I cant remember you carrying it here. Think about it one more time. M: Thats right. I left it at home.Thats right. I left it at home.Q: Where is th

6、e mans laptop?2021/4/18Conversation 4Conversation 4M: How is your work going?W: I think I will be finished soon. M: Well, I wont be finished for a while.Q: What can be inferred about the man?2021/4/19Conversation 5Conversation 5W: When are doctor Petermans office hours?M: Monday, Wednesday and Frida

7、y from 10 a.m. to noon. W: Thats not very convenient for me. I have pathology class thenI have pathology class then.Q: What is the man?2021/4/110Conversation 6Conversation 6W: Hello, Eric, what can I do for you?M: I was wondering if you had the results.W: Oh, yes, the results. Weve got them. M: Grea

8、t.W: Here we go. Urea (尿素) 2.6 , Sodium (鈉) 136, and Potassium (鉀) 3.9.M: 3.5.W: No, thats 3.9.Q: What is the mans sodium level?2021/4/111Conversation 7Conversation 7M: Hello, this is Don North from PediatricsPediatrics. Id like a word with Doctor Wilson if its possible.W: Im sorry, but he left for

9、left for Michigan to attend a conferenceMichigan to attend a conference this morning. He was in fact looking for you just before he left.Q: What is true about Doctor Wilson?2021/4/112Conversation 8Conversation 8M: I spent my one-month salary buying a pair of skis.W: Are you crazy? Youve got a a ski

10、feverski fever.Q: What can we say about the man?2021/4/113Conversation 9Conversation 9W: Most people feel culture shock when traveling to a foreign culture.M: Thats for sure. But they But they should do as Romans doshould do as Romans do.Q: According to the man, what are people supposed to do when t

11、raveling to a foreign culture?2021/4/114Conversation 10Conversation 10W: Cindy just got divorced. M: So soon! She got married only last summer. W: Well, she found out that her her husband was not the millionaire husband was not the millionaire she thought he was.Q: What does the woman imply about Ci

12、ndy?2021/4/115Conversation 11Conversation 11M: Kate was the only one brave brave enough enough to speak her mind at the meeting today.M: Yeah, a lot of people felt the same way, but were too scared to say but were too scared to say anything. She just voiced the aspiration of them. Q: Which of the fo

13、llowing words can best describe Kate?2021/4/116Conversation 12Conversation 12W: Why didnt you come to work yesterday?M: I was feeling a little under the under the weatherweather. W: Did you go to see the DOC?M: No, nothing serious. Q: Why didnt the man go to work yesterday?2021/4/117Conversation 13C

14、onversation 13 M: Have you heard of the magazine The World of English? W: Of course. It is one of many English magazines that are now flying off book seller shelvesflying off book seller shelves. Q: What does the woman imply about the The World of English?2021/4/118Conversation 14Conversation 14M: H

15、ello Doctor Marks. Its Tim Tailor from at ANNE Edinburgh Central. W: Hello.M: Ive got a young woman, a 30-year-old woman referred up by her GP GP with a kind of perineal abscess for about 10-15 days.W: Right.M: Shes been on antibioticsantibiotics and basically it needs to be incisedincised. Can you

16、take her?W: Of course. Whats the patients name?Q: What is the woman?2021/4/119Conversation 15Conversation 15W: What do you know about treatments of cancer? M: ChemotherapyChemotherapy. But that makes your hair fall out, doesnt it?W: Yes, there are some unpleasant side-side-effectseffects. Im not sur

17、e we need to consider that at this stage. We should see whether a series of injection will help. Q: What treatment will the man probably receive first?2021/4/120短對話答案匯總短對話答案匯總 B D C B DB D C B D D D D C CD D D C C B B C B CB B C B C2021/4/121DialogueDialogue話題：豬流感話題：豬流感 swine fluswine flurespiratory

18、 ailment 呼吸病susceptible 易受影響的mutate 變異mammal 哺乳動物fatigue 疲乏sore throat 喉嚨痛show up 現(xiàn)身antiviral study 抗病毒研究答案：答案：B B B A BB B B A B2021/4/122Passage 1Passage 1 話題：噪音引起的失聰話題：噪音引起的失聰 noise-induced noise-induced hearing losshearing loss impairing 引起損傷的 cocktail雞尾酒，混合 nutrient營養(yǎng)元素 magnesium鎂 metabolic act

19、ivity 代謝活動 trial 試驗(yàn)答案：答案：A B A C CA B A C C2021/4/123Passage 2Passage 2 話題：肥胖孕婦對胎兒的影響話題：肥胖孕婦對胎兒的影響 Abnormality 異常 Obese肥胖的 Neural tube 神經(jīng)管 Spinal cord 脊柱 Palate 上顎答案：答案：A D C A BA D C A B2021/4/12420132013年真題年真題VocabularyVocabulary答案答案 Section ASection A D B C A B C A C D A D B C A B C A C D A Secti

20、on BSection B C D B C A D A B A C C D B C A D A B A C2021/4/12520132013年真題年真題ClozeCloze答案答案 話題：游戲?qū)σ暳Φ拇龠M(jìn)作用話題：游戲?qū)σ暳Φ拇龠M(jìn)作用 A B B D C D C A D B2021/4/12620132013年真題年真題 Text 1Text 1 主題句 Those with a biological biological predispositionpredisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusiveabusive

21、 homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals. 答案：答案： B C D D BB C D D B2021/4/12720132013年真題年真題 Text 2Text 2 主題句主題句 Three developments featured in this issue collectively give grounds for give grounds for optimism that would have been scarcelyscarcely believable a year ago in the wake ofin th

22、e wake of another failed vaccine and continuing problems supplying drugs to all who need them. 答案：答案： B A B B DB A B B D2021/4/12820132013年真題年真題 Text 3Text 3 主題句主題句 Not so. Answering them is the focus of a burgeoningburgeoning field that brings together archaeology and neuroscience. It aims to chart

23、 the development of human cognitivecognitive powers. 答案：答案： B A C C BB A C C B2021/4/12920132013年真題年真題 Text 4Text 4 主題句主題句 A warmer world wont just be inconvenient. will actually be uninhabitableuninhabitable- too hot, dry or stormy to sustainsustain a human population. It could materializemateriali

24、ze if the world warms by an average of just 4C, So what are we going to do about it? 答案：答案： A D A D BA D A D B2021/4真題年真題 Text 5Text 5 主題主題 有關(guān)捐贈精子造成嬰兒先天缺陷的案例。有關(guān)捐贈精子造成嬰兒先天缺陷的案例。討論受捐母親是否能夠起訴相關(guān)部門以獲討論受捐母親是否能夠起訴相關(guān)部門以獲得補(bǔ)償。得補(bǔ)償。 答案：答案： C A B D CC A B D C2021/4真題年真題 Text 6Text 6 主題：

25、主題： 討論美國的食品行業(yè)（討論美國的食品行業(yè)（Ground Beef Ground Beef 碎牛碎牛肉）污染問題，揭示該行業(yè)的潛規(guī)則。肉）污染問題，揭示該行業(yè)的潛規(guī)則。 答案：答案： C D A C CC D A C C2021/4/132摘要寫作摘要寫作 信息的分析、歸納、綜合、提煉、概括與信息的分析、歸納、綜合、提煉、概括與組織。組織。 英文的書面表達(dá)能力。英文的書面表達(dá)能力。 避免三種現(xiàn)象：避免三種現(xiàn)象： 摘抄原文摘抄原文 片面的理解片面的理解 重要信息的遺漏重要信息的遺漏2021/4/133考場點(diǎn)睛考場點(diǎn)睛 在開頭、結(jié)尾段找出中心詞，主旨句 各段落里找出分論點(diǎn) 串聯(lián)后組織整體結(jié)構(gòu)

26、切忌照抄或逐字翻譯 切忌引用過細(xì)的例子、人名、數(shù)字或原話2021/4/134近幾年出題和閱卷規(guī)律近幾年出題和閱卷規(guī)律 段落結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。段落結(jié)構(gòu)清晰。 小標(biāo)題時有時無。小標(biāo)題時有時無。 有小標(biāo)題有小標(biāo)題 (2008,2012,2013)(2008,2012,2013) 無小標(biāo)題無小標(biāo)題 (2009,2010,2011(2009,2010,2011） 無明顯的起始段和結(jié)論段。無明顯的起始段和結(jié)論段。 閱卷更重視語言表達(dá)（淡化內(nèi)容）。閱卷更重視語言表達(dá)（淡化內(nèi)容）。2021/4/135近十年醫(yī)博摘要寫作匯總近十年醫(yī)博摘要寫作匯總年份年份中文標(biāo)題中文標(biāo)題英文標(biāo)題英文標(biāo)題2004 入世后看病如何挑醫(yī)院入世

27、后看病如何挑醫(yī)院How to choose a hospital after joining the WHO?2005 艾滋病是全世界的威脅艾滋病是全世界的威脅AIDS is the threat to the whole world2006 走路與健康走路與健康Walking and Health2007 手術(shù)與術(shù)前恐慌手術(shù)與術(shù)前恐慌Operation and Pre-operative Fear 2008 珍愛生命從護(hù)心開始珍愛生命從護(hù)心開始Better Heart, Better Life2009 水果是否可吃可不吃水果是否可吃可不吃Are fruits indispensable or

28、 not?2010 新興學(xué)科：藥物心理學(xué)新興學(xué)科：藥物心理學(xué)A New Discipline: Medicine Psychology2011 吃出健康吃出健康Better Diet, Better Health2012 電腦、網(wǎng)絡(luò)與健康電腦、網(wǎng)絡(luò)與健康Computer, Internet and Health2013健康處方幫你走出健康處方幫你走出“第第三狀態(tài)三狀態(tài)”Health Prescription Gets You out of the Third Condition2021/4/136健康處方幫你走出健康處方幫你走出“第三狀態(tài)第三狀態(tài)” Health Prescription Ge

29、ts Health Prescription Gets You out of the Third StateYou out of the Third State Health Tips Keep You Away Health Tips Keep You Away from the Third Statefrom the Third State2021/4/137文章要點(diǎn)文章要點(diǎn)第一段：開場白，引出主題第一段：開場白，引出主題 ( (何為第三何為第三狀態(tài)？狀態(tài)？) )第二第二/ /三段：展開討論，具體的健康處三段：展開討論，具體的健康處方方 ( (膳食營養(yǎng)、維他命、心理放松、膳食營養(yǎng)、維他命、

30、心理放松、親近自然、高質(zhì)量午睡親近自然、高質(zhì)量午睡) )第四段：結(jié)尾段第四段：結(jié)尾段 ( (總結(jié)全文總結(jié)全文) )2021/4/138Key WordsKey Words 激烈的競爭激烈的競爭 fierce competitionfierce competition 情緒低落情緒低落 low spiritslow spirits 灰色狀態(tài)灰色狀態(tài) grey stategrey state 均衡營養(yǎng)均衡營養(yǎng) balanced nutritionbalanced nutrition 合理膳食合理膳食 reasonable dietreasonable diet 不可或缺的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)不可或缺的營養(yǎng)物質(zhì)

31、 indispensable indispensable nutrientsnutrients 精力充沛精力充沛 plenty of energyplenty of energy 事業(yè)有成事業(yè)有成 successful careersuccessful career 心理平衡心理平衡 psychological balancepsychological balance 午后打盹午后打盹 (after-lunch) nap(after-lunch) nap2021/4/139第一段第一段 引出主題引出主題 There is no denying that There is no denying

32、that todays fierce competition has made it inevitableinevitable for us to confront various challenges. As a As a resultresult, we can hardly work and live with full energy, and tend to experience tend to experience constant constant low spirits, fatigue, insomnia, headache and loss of concentration.

33、 HoweverHowever, hospitals wont admit us as a patients. Medical science categorizes/classifies this neither-healthy-nor-ill condition as “grey state” or “third state”. For this common physical problem, medical experts have worked out some simple and useful health prescriptions/tips.2021/4/140第二段第二段

34、展開論述展開論述 First and foremost, balanced nutrition and diet is necessary for human body. Daily diet is supposed to include nutrients like sugar, protein, minerals and vitamins. Eating more or less than normal may also lead to “grey state”. Besides, vitamins can work wonder, especially for mental worker

35、s and office staff. For example, fish and liver, which are rich in vitamin A, can protect our eyesight. Fresh vegetables and fruits, rich in vitamin C, are helpful to people with tremendous pressure. Whats more, we need to free our mind. A research by American scientists finds that mental health can provide people with more energy and help them achieve career success. Therefore, to meet dif