1、情態動詞專項練習情態動詞 有具體的詞義，但也同助動詞一樣，需要與其他詞語一起構成句子的謂語，另外情態動詞沒有人稱和數的變化，情態動詞后必須跟動詞原形。考點一： can，may，must 等情態動詞在陳述句中的用法：1. can 的用法：（1）.表示能力、許可、可能性。表示能力時一般譯為 “能、會 ”，即有種能力，尤其是生來具備的能力，此時 may 和 must 均不可代替它。如：She can swim fast, but I can 她能游t.得很快，但我不能。 I can see with my eyes我.用眼睛看。（2）.表示許可，常在口語中。如：You can use my dict

2、ionary. 你可以用我的字典。（3）.表示推測，意為 “可能 ”，常用于否定句和疑問句中，此時cant譯為 “不可能 ”。如：Canthe news be true?這個消息會是真的嗎？Can it be our teacher?那個人有可能是我們老師嗎？No, it can t be our teacher. He is on a visit to the Great Wall不可.能。咱們老師正在游覽長城呢。【例題】 I think Miss Gao must be in the library. She said she would go there. No. She _bether

3、e, I have just been there.【解析】根據下文 “我剛去過那兒 ”可知，應為 “不可能 ”，cant表示推測 答案 2. could的用法：（1）.can 的過去式，意為 “能、會 ”，表示過去的能力。如： He could write poems when he was10. 他十歲時就會寫詩。（2）. could 在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時 could 沒有過去式的意思。 如:Could you do me 你能幫我個忙嗎？ Could I use your pen?我能用一下你的鋼筆嗎 ?Yes, you can可.以。（注意回答）3. may 的用法：（1）

4、.表示請求、許可，比can 正式，如： May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行車嗎？You may go home now現.在你可以回家了。【例題】 _ I borrow your MP3? Sure . Here you are. A. May B.Should C.Must D. Would【解析】在此處表示請求，意為“做 可以嗎 ”。答案： A(2) .表示推測，談論可能性，意為 “可能，或許 ”，一般用于肯定句中。 如：It may rain tomorrow .明天可能會下雨。 She may be at home她.可能在家呢 .(3) .may 的過去

5、式為 might，表示推測時。可能性低于 may。如：He is away from school. He might- 1 -be sick.他離開學校了，可能是他生病了。(4) . 表示希望、祈求、祝愿，常可譯為“祝愿”。通常是用may +主+V 例如： May you havea good time.祝你過得愉快。 May you be happy!祝你幸福！ May you succeed！祝你成功！4. must 的用法：(1).must 表示主觀看法，意為 “必須、一定 ”。如：You must stay here until I come back在.我回來之前你必須呆在這兒。

6、Must I hand in my homework right now?我必須現在交作業嗎？（2）對 must 引導的疑問句，肯定回答為must，否定回答或 dont have to如.： Must I finishmy homework?我現在必須完成作業嗎(4)must 表示有把握的推測，用于肯定句。如: The light is on, so he must be at home now燈.亮著，他現在肯定在家。注意其反意問句的構成形式：當 must 表示肯定的判斷、推測時，其反意疑問句要用實際問句的助動詞來構成。 如：She must have seen the film befor

7、e, hasnshe?(t注意反意疑問句的后半部分 )You must have met uncle Wang in the shop yesterday，didn t you?(注意反意疑問句的后半部分 )5. need的用法：（ 1）.need表示需要、必須， 主要用于否定句和疑問句中， ，意為 “沒有必要，不必 ”。用 need提問時，肯定回答 dont have to。如：Need I stay here any longer? 我還有必要留在這兒嗎？Yes, you must 是.的。 No. you neednt/don t have. to不，你不必。(2).need 還可以作實

8、義動詞， 此時有人稱、 數和時態的變化， 如果是人作主語后邊多接動詞不定式。如：I need to do it right now.我需要馬上做這件事。 He needs to learn more about the girl.他需要多了解那個女孩。如果是物作主語，一般用need doing 與 need to be done這種情況下應注意兩點： .主動形式的動名詞 doing 具有被動的含義； .該動名詞可以改為其動詞不定式的被動形式而句子的意義不變。例如： . The door needs painting. = The door needs to be painted那.扇門需要油漆

9、一下。 Your car needs mending. = Your car needs to be repaired你.的車需要維修了。7. shall 的用法：shall 表示征求對方意見（多用于第一、三人稱） ，如：Shall we go out for a walk?我們出去散步好嗎？在英語中，我們可以用其他多種方式提出我們的建議或征求對方意見。(1).用“ Let's do.”來提出建議。如： Let's go for a walk after supper.- 2 -(2).用“ What/How about.?”來提出建議；about 后接名詞或動詞 ing 形式

10、。如：What about/How about a drink? What about/How about taking Tom with us?(3).用“ Why not.?”來提出建議，表示“何不” not 面后接動詞原形。“ Why not.?”實際上是“ Why don't you/we.?”的簡略形式。如： Why not meet at the school gate at eight? Why don't we stay here another day?(4).用“ Would you like.?”來提出建議，意思是“你想要嗎 ?”Would you lik

11、e 后可接名詞或不定式。如： Would you like a cup of tea? Would you like to go and see her?因此，如果我們說： “去游泳好嗎 ?”英語中可有這樣幾種表達法：Shall we go for a swim?Let's go for a swim，shall we?What about/How about going swimming?Why not go for a swim?Would you like to go for a swim?What do you think of going for a swim?8. shou

12、ld的用法：（1）.should 意為 “應該 ”，可表示勸告、建議、義務、責任等。如：We should protect the environment.我們應該保護環境。（ 2）Should have done 表示對過去動作的責備、批評。如：You should have finished yourhomework.你應該已經完成作業了。（事實上你沒有完成。）9. will 的用法：will 表示意愿、意志、打算，可用于多種人稱。如：I will help you if I m free this afternoon今.天下午如果我有空，我就會幫你。注意：1、 will 在 there

13、be句型中的形式及其句式變換。由于“一般將來時”的結構可以用“ will+ 動詞原形”來表示，所以 there be 句型的一般將來時的形式就是 there will be。（一定不能說 there will have）例如： There are many students in our school. There will be many students in our school. There will be a sports meeting next week一.定不能說： There will have a sports meeting next week.2、 will 與 be

14、going to do something區別：. be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發生的事情， will 表示的將來時間則較遠一些，如： He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day. be going to 表示根據主觀判斷將來肯定發生的事情， will 表示客觀上將來勢必發生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old. be going to 含有“計劃，準備”的意思，而will 則沒有

15、這個意思，如： She is going to lend- 3 -us her book.He will be here in half an hour. .在有條件從句的主句中， 一般不用 be going to,而多用 will, 如：If any beasts comes at you, I'llstay with you and help you.10. had better 的用法：had better意為 “最好 ”，沒有人稱的變化，后面接不帶 to 的不定式，其否定形式為：had betternot。如：We had better go now我.們最好現在就走。 You

16、 had better not give the book to him你.最好不要把這本書給他。考點二：含有情態動詞的疑問句的回答:1.對 may 引出的問句，可以有下列回答方式： Yes,you may. Yes, of course. Yes, certainly.Sure .No, you can . t2.對 must 引出的疑問句，回答方式為：Yes, must. No, don t have to.3.could 在疑問句中，表示委婉的語氣，此時 could 沒有過去式的意思。 如:Could you do me a 你能幫我個忙嗎？ Could I use your pen?我

17、能用一下你的鋼筆嗎 ? Yes, you can可.以。（注意回答）4. shall 引出的疑問句用于第一人稱，表示征求對方意見或客氣的請求。其回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, please. All right.No, thank you.5.would you的回答方式有以下幾種：Yes, I will. (No,I won t.) Sure . (I m sorryIcan, t.)All right/ OK/ With pleasure.Certainly. (No, thank you .)Yes, please.【例題】 Would you do me ass on my thanks

18、 to Lily? _.A.That s right B.With pleasure D.No trouble【解析】 A. 意為 “對了 ”，B.意為 “樂意效勞 ”, C意.為 “沒關系 ” D意.為 “不費事 ”。答案： B考點三 :不同情態動詞的否定意義也不同：1.（1）.can t可譯為 “不會 ”，如： I can t play basketball我不.會打籃球。（2）當句子表推測時，用cant表達不可能，如： He cant be ill. He is playing chess with Tom.他不可能病了，他正和Tom 下棋呢。（3）cant還可用來回答 “ May I?

19、這”的問句。如：樣May I come in ? 我可以進來嗎？ No, youcan不t.，你不能。- 4 -（4）cant還可用于固定習語中。 cant help doing禁不住，情不自禁 can t wait to dosomething 迫不及待地要做如： She cant help crying她.不禁大哭起來。The children can t wait to open the box.孩子們迫不及待地想打開盒子。2. may 的否定式為 may not，譯成 “可能不 ”，如： He may not be at home他.也許不在家。考點四 :情態動詞的被動語態含有情態動詞

20、的被動語態的結構為： 情態動詞 + be + done (動詞的過去分詞 )。做題時要兼顧情態動詞和被動語態這兩個方面。 She should speak to her mother in that way她.不應該用那種方式和媽媽說話。 More and more trees must be planted in China在.中國必須種植更多的樹木。Many of the stars can not be seen because they are far away from 很us多.星星我們都看不到， 因為它們離我們太遠了。考點五 :情態動詞表示推測的用法:一、“情態動詞 +動詞原形”

21、表示對現在的推測。1、can 表示推測時一般用于否定句或疑問句。如：That man cant be her husbandshe is still single.Who is knocking at the door?Can it be the postman?2、 must 表示肯定的推測，一般用于肯定句中。如：He must be in his office now.Mr Li must beworking now ，for the lights in his office are still on.3、might 表示推測時不一定是may 的過去時，只是表示其可能性較小。 如：The

22、man may be theheadmaster.Where is Mr Li? He might be working in his office. May Mr Li come? He might not comehere.4、Could 表示推測時，語氣 can 比要弱，說話者留有余地。如：Could it be an animal?It couldnot be，because it is not moving.5、 Should 表示推測的可能性比較大，僅比must 的可能性小一點。如： It is already 10 o clocknow they should be there.

23、【情態動詞易混點歸納】易混點一 : can 和 be able to:兩者表示能力時用法相同， 但 can 只有原形“ can”和過去式“ could”兩種形式， 在其他時態中要用 be able to 來表示。另外 be able to 常常指經過努力，花費了時間和勞力之后才能做到某事。如： Jim can t speak English吉姆.不會說英語。 He could speak English at 5他.五歲時就會- 5 -說英語。 Well be able to see him next week下.星期我們將會見到他。 He has been able to drive. 他已

24、經會開車了。 I m sure you ll be able to finish it quickly我.相信你能迅速地完成。 We were able to reach the top of the mountain at noon我.們能在中午到達山頂。易混點二 :can 和 may1. can 和 may 均可用來征求意見或許可， 意為“可以”，一般可互換使用。如：Can/ May I help you ? 我能幫助你嗎？2. can 和 may 表示可能性時的區別：1)在肯定句中用 might，may，must，不用 can2)在疑問句中表示推測用can，不用 might， may，m

25、ust3)在否定句中用 cant（不可能），不用 may，must。如：She may be in the classroom她.可能在教室里。 Where can they be now?他們現在可能在哪兒？ That can t be true那不.可能是真的。易混點三 : may be 和 maybe用法區別常用位置may bemay 為情態動詞， be 為動詞原形句中，作謂語maybe副詞，大概、也許，相當于perhaps句首，作狀語例如： He may be wrong , but I m not sure也.許他錯了，但我也不確定。易混點四： can t 和 mustn't

26、1. can t根據其基本用法可譯為：（1）不會。如： I can t speak English我不.會說英語。（2）不能。如： We cant do it now because its天too太黑dark了.，我們現在干不了。（3）否定句中表示推測。 “不可能 ”，如：The man cant be our teacher because he is much youngerthan our teacher.那個人不可能是咱們老師，他年輕得多。2.mustn't 意為 “禁止，不許 ",用來表示命令，表示強烈的語氣。如：You mustn't play foot

27、ballin the street .It's too dangerous.易混點五： must 和 have to1.must 側重于個人意志和主觀上的必要。 have to 側重于客觀上的必要，可用于現在時、過去時和將來時。如：I know I must study hard.我知道我必須努力學習。 My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the mid-night. 我弟弟病得厲害，我只得半夜里把醫生請來。 I havent got any money with me, so Ill have to borr

28、ow some from my friend.我身上沒帶錢，只好向朋友借點了。 He said they must work hard他.說他們必須努力工作。2. have to 可以用于多種時態；而must 只用于一般現在或將來。如：The composition is due to- 6 -hand in this morning, so I had to finish it last night.作文今天早晨到期， 因此我不得不昨天晚上完成。易混點六 : used to do / be used to doing / be used todo/ be used for doingused

29、 to do表示過去常常發生的動作， 強調過去，只用于過去， 注意用 to do，不用 doing 形式；而 be used to doing 意為“習慣做”， be 可有各種時態； be used to do意為“被使用去做 ,”為被動語態形式。 be used for doing 用作”如： My father used to eating meat我.父親過去起床晚， 但現在不得不早起了。 She is used to eating meat她.習慣吃肉。 He wat used toeating in a restaurant他.不習慣在飯店吃飯。 A knife can be use

30、d for cutting things.(刀可以用來割東西 )/ A knife can be used to cut things.刀(可以用來割東西 )單選題( ) 1 John_ come to see us tonight, but he isn't very sure yet.A. may B. can C. has to D. must( ) 2 They _ do well in the exam.A. can be able to B. be able to C. can able to D. are able to ( ) 3 -May I take this bo

31、ok out? -No, you_.A. can't B. may not C. needn't D. aren't( ) 4 You_ go and see a doctor at once because you're got a fever.A. can B. must C. dare D. would( ) 5 -Can you speak Japanese? -No, I_.A. mustn't B. can't C. needn't D. may not( ) 1 -He_ be in the classroom, I thi

32、nk.-No, he _ be in the classroom. I saw him go home a minute ago.A. can; may not B. must; may not C. may; can't D. may; mustn't( ) 2 -Shall I get one more cake for you, Dad?-Thanks, but you_, I've had enough.A. may not B. must not C. can't D. needn't( ) 3 Even the top students in

33、 our class can't work out this problem, so it _be very difficult. A. may B. must C. can D. need( ) 4 He isn't at school. I think he _ be ill.A. can B. shall C. must D. has to ( ) 5 _ I take this one?A. May B. Will C. Are D. Do( ) 1 The children_ play football on the road.A. can't B. can

34、C. mustn't D. must( ) 2 You _ be late for school again next time.A. mustn't B. needn't C. don't have to D. don't need to ( ) 3 -Must I do my homework at once? -No, you_.A. needn't B. mustn't C. can't D. may not( ) 1 His arm is all right. He_ go and see the doctor.- 7

35、-A. has not to B. don't have to C. haven't to D. doesn't have to ( ) 2 He had to give up the plan, _ he?A. did B. didn't C. does D. doesn't( ) 3 They had to walk here, _ they?A. mustn't B. did C. didn't D. hadn't( ) 1 He had better stay here, _ he?A. didn't B. don

36、't C. hadn't D. isn't ( ) 2 You'd better_late next time.A. not to be B. not be C. won't be D. don't be( ) 3 You'd better _ your hair _ once a month.A. had; cut B. had; cutted C. have; cut D. have; cutted( ) 4 You_ ask that man over there. Maybe he knows the way.A. had bet

37、ter not to B. had not better C. had better D. had better not( ) 1 -Shall we go and visit the History Museum next Sunday? A. Here you are B. Sorry, I can't C. Yes, please D. Let me try ( ) 2 -Why don't you ask Mike to go with us? -Thanks, _.A. I will B. I won't C. lean D. I may( ) 3 -_ I

38、take the newspaper away? -No, you mustn't. You_read it only here.A. Must; can B. May; can C. Need; must D. Must; must( ) 1 Excuse me. _ you please pass me that cup?A. Do B. Should C. Would D. Must( ) 2 _ you like to have another try?A. Could B. Will C. Would D. Do( ) 3 -Would you like to go boat

39、ing with us? -Yes, _.A. I'd like B. I want C. I'd like to D. I do( ) 1 You_ worry about your son. He will get well soon.A. needn't B. can't C. mustn't D. have to( ) 2 The poor man needs our help, _ he?A. need B. needn't C. does D. doesn't( ) 3 -Must we do our homework fir

40、st? -No, you_. You may have a rest first. A. mustn't B. needn't C. may not D. can't參考答案： 1.1-5ADABB2.1-5CDBCA3.1-3CAA4.1-3DBC5.1-4CBCC6.1-3BA B7.1-3CCC8.1-3ADB單選二1. I told Sally how to get here, but perhaps I _ for her.A. had to write it outB. must have written it outC. should have writt

41、en it outD. ought to write it out2. There were already five people in the car but they managed to take me as well. It _a comfortable journey.A. can t beB. shouldn t be C. mustn t have beenD. couldn t have been 3. It s nearlyseven o clock. Jack _ be here at any moment.A. mustB. needC. shouldD. can- 8

42、 -4. Johnny, you _ play with the knife, you _ hurt yourself.A. won t; can t B. mustn t; may shouldn t; mustD. can t; shouldn t5. The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone _ get out.A. had toB. wouldC. couldD. was able to6. When can I come for the photos? I need them tomorrow aftern

43、oon.They _ be ready by 12:00.A. canB. shouldC. mightD. need7. I stayed at a hotel while in New York.Oh, did you? You _ with Barbara.A. could have stayedB. could stayC. would stayD. must have stayed8. Are you coming to Jeff s party? I m not sure. I _ go to the concert instead.A. mustB. wouldC. should

44、D. might9. I was really anxious about you. You _ home without a word. A. mustn t leave B. shouldn t have leftC. couldn t have leftD. needn t leave10. Is John coming by train?He should, but he _ not. He likes driving his car.A. mustB. canC. needD. may11. A left-luggage office is a place where bags _

45、be left for a short time, especially at a railway station.A. shouldB. canC. mustD. will12. I wonder how he _ that to the teacher.A. dare to saydare sayingC. not dare sayD. dared say13. When he was there, he _ go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day.A. wouldB. shouldC. had betterD.

46、might14. It has been announced that candidates _ remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.A. canB. willC. mayD. shall15. How _ou say that you really understand the whole story if you have covered only a part of the article?A. canB. mustC. needD. may16. I hear you vegot a set of

47、 valuable Australian coin. _ I have a look? Yes, certainly.A. DoB. MayC. ShallD. Should情態動詞練習參考答案1. C。 ought to / should have+過去分詞表示后悔當初該做但卻沒做某事。也許我本該把詳細地址寫給她的。2. D。couldnt have+過去分詞表示對過去情況的推測。既然小汽車上已有五人，且是設法才把你帶去的，如此擁擠，旅途當然不可能舒服。 3. C。nearly 暗示時間不早了， Jack按理應當 (should)隨時 (at any moment)都有可能到達這里。 mus

48、t 語氣過強； can 一般不用于肯定推測； need 意義不通，也不用于肯定句。4. B。mustn t(不許、千萬不 )表示禁止。 may 表示可能性。句意為你千萬不要玩刀子，可能會弄傷自己的。5.D。表示過去具體某次能夠做成某事只能用was / were able to 而不用 could。6.B 。should 表示按理應當，大概。 can 一般不用于肯定推測；用 might 語氣太不肯定，顧- 9 -客可能走掉。7. A。could have done表示本可以做但卻沒有做的事。句意為你本來可以住在Barbara 那兒的；而 must have done只表示有把握的肯定推測，這與前

49、面具有疑問語氣的Oh, did you?不符。8. D。語境明顯提示我可能 (might) 要去聽音樂會 。9. B。表示輕微的責備， 句意為我真的好擔心你啊。 你當時本不該不說一聲就離開家的。10. D。由他自己喜歡開車這一習慣推斷，他可能不會 (may not)坐火車來。 can not 不可能，語氣太肯定。11. B。 can 表示可以。 should(應該 ), must(必須 ), will( 愿意 )均不符合語境。12. D。dare 作行為動詞時 ,一般接 to do，但疑問式或否定式中 to 可以省略，此句有疑問口氣。13. A。 would 表示過去的習慣。14. D。在規章

50、中告誡應考者，在收完所有試卷前必須留在教室里。15. A。 can 在疑問句中，表示疑惑、懷疑，根據情況可譯作能、可以等。16. B。 may 表示請求對方允許，即：我可以做嗎 ?寫作：你長大了想干什么？請你用英語寫一篇作文，內容應包括以下幾方面：1. 你將來想從事的職業。2. 你想從事這種職業的原因3. 怎么做才能實現你的理想。1. - Where is Mary?- She _ in the library.A. should beB. must beC. can beD. must have been2. His room is dark. He must _ to bed.A. goB

51、. be goingC. have goneD. have been gone3.“ Will your father stay home tonight?”“ I m not sure, He _to work.”A. must goB. can goC. may be goneD. may be going4. “ Where is Tom? ”“He isn t here I think he _ have gone home.”A. mayB. mustC. mightD. A or B or C5.“ I think Helen is at home.”“ No, she _ be

52、at home, for she phoned me from the airport just five minutes ago.”A. mustn tB. needn t C. can tD. daren t6. He s late. What _ have happened to him?A. canB. mayC. shouldD, must7.“ _ he be watching TV now?”“Yes, he _ be watching TV now. ” “ No, he _ be watching TV now. ”A. Must; can; mustn t B. Can;

53、must; can t C. Must; must; can t D. Can; can; mustn t8.“ _. He have left yesterday?”-10-“Yes, he _ yesterday. ” “No, he _ yesterday. ”A. Must; must have left; can t have leftB.Can; can have left; can t have leftC. Can; must have left;can t have leftD. May; must have left; shouldn t have left9.You must be a writer, _ you?A. mustn tB. areC. mustD. aren t10. You must have seen her yesterday, _ you?A. mustn tB. haven tC. didn