1、 本文供考研英國文學復習第二遍和第三遍的時候使用，第一遍要把教材細讀一遍。很多人覺的文學學的亂七八糟，主要是因為腦子里沒有一個清晰的綱領(lǐng)，在臨考前腦子里要對文學有很清晰的綱領(lǐng)，這樣就算復習的差不多了。有人又問？什么是綱領(lǐng)？比方說英國文學吧，你要知道英國文學大致分為多少個時期，每一個時期有什么總體特點，有什么總體的literary trend，然后這個時期有那些重要的作家，每一個重要的作家都寫過什么重要的作品，這些重要的作品大致內(nèi)容是什么，有什么意義，有什么寫作特色，除了這些之外，再對根本的文學術(shù)語有所了解就差不多了。當然如果要求選讀的，選讀作品得另看。Part One: Early and M

2、edieval English Literature1. Beowulf: national epic of the English people; Denmark story; alliteration, metaphors and understatements此處可能會有填空，選擇等小題2. Romance名詞解釋3. “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight: a famous roman about King Arthurs story4. Ballad名詞解釋5. Character of Robin Hood6. Geoffrey Chaucer: fou

3、nder of English poetry; The Canterbury Tales (main contents; 124 stories planned, only 24 finished; written in Middle English; significance; form: heroic couplet)7. Heroic couplet (名詞解釋)Part Two: The English Renaissance8. The Authorized Version of English Bible and its significance填空選擇9. Renaissance

4、名詞解釋10.Thomas MoreUtopia11. Sonnet名詞解釋12. Blank verse名詞解釋13. Edmund Spenser “The Faerie Queene; Amoretti (collection of his sonnets) Spenserian Stanza名詞解釋14. Francis Bacon “essays esp. “Of Studies推薦閱讀，學習寫正式語體的英文文章的好參照，本文用詞正式優(yōu)雅，多排比句和長句，語言造詣非常高，里面很多話都可以引用做格言警句，非常值得一讀15. Christopher Marlowe (“Doctor Fa

5、ustus and his achievements)16. William Shakespeare可以說是英國文學史中最重要的作家，一定要看熟了。四大喜劇，四大悲劇比擬重要，此外就是羅密歐與朱立葉了，這些劇的主題，背景，情節(jié)，人物形象都要熟悉，當然他最重要的悲劇作品是Hamlet這是肯定的。他的sonnet也很重要，最重要屬sonnet18。其戲劇中著名對白和幾首有名的十四行詩可能會出選讀17. Ben Jonson個別戲劇的名字要能和人對上號，如Every Man in His Humor,二外好似在這里出過一道匹配題，但是不用看太具體。Part Three: The Period of

6、the English Bourgeois Revolution18. John Milton三大史詩非常重要，特別是Paradise Lost和Samson Agonistes。對于Paradise Lost需要知道它是blank verse寫成的，故事情節(jié)來自O(shè)ld Testament，具體情節(jié)在課本124頁，另外要知道此書theme和Satan的形象。對于Samson Agonistes要知道它是poetical drama，知道故事大概情節(jié)及其來源。另外129頁到130頁brief summary中5條要看。19. John BunyanThe Pilgrims Progress20.

7、 Founder of the Metaphysical schoolJohn Donne; features of the school: philosophical poems, complex rhythms and strange images21. Andrew Marvell此人不重要，但他有一首名詩To His Coy Mistress22. John Dryden“All for Love(a tragedy); “An Essay of Dramatic Poesy(Literary criticism); forerunner of the Classicism in Br

8、itainPart Four: The Eighteen Century23. Enlightenment名詞解釋24. Classicism名詞解釋25. Richard Steele“The Tatler26. Joseph Addison“The Spectator這個比上面那個要重要，注意這個報紙和我們今天的報紙不一樣，它虛構(gòu)了一系列的人物，以這些人物的口氣來寫報紙上刊登的散文，這一局部要仔細讀。27. Steels and Addisons styles and their contributions28. Alexander Pope: “Essay on Criticism, “

9、Essay on Man, “The Rape of Lock, “The Dunciad; his workmanship (features) and limitations29. Jonathan Swift: “Gullivers Travels此書非常重要，要知道具體內(nèi)容，就是Gulliver游歷過的四個地方的英文名稱，和每個局部具體的挖苦對象; “The Drapiers Letters and “A Modest Proposal,后一篇比擬重要，要注意后一篇作者用的irony也就是反諷手法。30. The rise and growth of the realistic nov

10、el is the most prominent achievement of 18th century English literature.31. Daniel Defoe: “Robinson Crusoe, “Moll Flanders,當然是Robinson Crusoe比擬重要，劇情要清楚，179頁這一節(jié)最后一段，有Robinson Crusoe的形象和故事中蘊涵的早期黑奴的原形，以及殖民主義的萌芽。另外注意Defoe的style和feature，另外Defoe是forerunner of English realistic novel。32. Samuel Richardson“

11、Pamela (first epistolary novel), “Clarissa Harlowe, “Sir Charles Grandison33. Henry Fielding: “Joseph Andrews, “Jonathan Wild, “Tom Jones第一個和第三個比擬重要，需要仔細看。他是一個比擬重要的作家，200頁founder of the English Realistic novel局部要看，201頁第3點features也要看，另外Fielding也被稱為father of the English novel.34. Laurence Sterne“Trist

12、ram Shandy35. Richard Sheridan“The School for Scandal36. Samuel Johnson“Dictionary, “Letter to Lord Chesterfield (the writers declaration of independence)37. Oliver Goldsmith“The Traveller(poem), “The Deserted Village (poem) (both two poems were written by heroic couplet), “The Vicar of Wakefield (n

13、ovel), “The Good-Natured Man (comedy), “She stoops to Conquer (comedy), “The Citizen of the World (collection of essays)38. Edward Gibbon“The Decline and Fall of the Roman Empire40. Sentimentalism名詞解釋41. Thomas Gray“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard英國詩歌里非常著名的一首，曾經(jīng)被譽為“有史以來英國詩歌里最好的一首(a representat

14、ive of sentimentalism and graveyard school of poets墓園派詩人)*GraveyardSchool / Poets: A term applied to eighteenth-century poets who wrote meditative poems, usually set in a graveyard, on the theme of human mortality, in moods which range from elegiac pensiveness to profound gloom. The vogue resulted i

15、n one of the most widely known English poems, Thomas Grays “Elegy written in a country churchyard. The writing of graveyard poems spread from England to Continental literature in the second part of the century and also influenced some American poets. 42. In the latter half of the 18th century, Pre-R

16、omanticism; representative: William Blake and Robert Burns.43. Thomas Percy“Reliques of Ancient English poetry許多中古的民謠都是在這個時期重新收集和整理起來的，這個集子是那個時代比擬有名的一個民謠集。44. William Blake比擬重要，需要對主要作品有所了解，特別是Songs of Innocence和 Songs of Experience,這兩本集子的contrast一定要注意，另外Blake的寫作特點也要注意，比方語言的簡單明了，神秘主義氣氛等。45. Robert Bu

17、rns偉大的蘇格蘭民族詩人, A Red Red Rose, Scots Wha Hae, Auld Lang Syne等名詩，寫作特點: Scottish dialect; a poet of peasant and Scottish people; plain language; influence from Scottish folk songs and ballads; musical quality of his poems.Part Five: Romanticism in England46. Romanticism名詞解釋要對浪漫主義興起的時間，根源，主要特點，主要代表作家都有

18、所了解。47.William Wordsworth要知道他的 “Lyrical Ballads前言是英國浪漫主義時期開始的標志，也是宣言。Lake Poets名詞解釋。他詩歌的主要兩類題材：nature and common peoples lives。寫過的著名作品：I wandered lonely as a cloud; To the cuckoo; Lines composed a few miles above Tintern Abbey; The solitary reaper; We are seven等等。48. Samuel Taylor Coleridge兩首名詩：The

19、Rime of the Ancient Mariner; Kubla Khan主要寫作supernatural題材。49. George Gordon Byron，Byronic Heroes (名詞解釋);著名作品：Child Harolds Pilgrimage要知道大致內(nèi)容，另外此詩用Spenserian Stanza寫成；Don Juan要知道大致內(nèi)容，及其詩體attava rima。50. Percy Bysshe Shelley著名作品：Queen Mab; The Revolt of Islam; Prometheus Unboundlyrical drama，要知道大致內(nèi)容及此

20、劇與古希臘的“被束縛的普羅米修斯不同之處及其意義。其它名作: Ode to the West Wind; To a skylark; One word is too often profaned等等。51. John Keats著名作品：Ode to Autumn; Ode to a Nightingale; Ode on a Grecian Urn。注意Keats與Byron和Shelley的不同，Keats的詩歌沒有兩人那么強的革命性，他的詩歌主要是為了締造一個唯美的世界，為了追求美而寫作的。52. Charles Lamb：The Essays of Elia (humorous, ar

21、chaisms, quotations from other writers)53. Walter Scott: founder and great master of the historical novel; his death marks the ending of Romantic Period in English literature; famous novels: Rob Roy, Ivanhoe; features of his novels (P322)Part Six: English Critical Realism54. Critical Realism批判現(xiàn)實主義，要

22、知道它興起的時間，歷史背景，主要代表人物及主要特點。55. Charles Dickens主要作品: The Pickwick Papers (first novel); Oliver Twist; Dombey and Son; David Copperfield; A Tales of Two Cities等等，對這些主要作品除了第一部以外剩下的要對情節(jié)，主要人物形象，主題及其意義有所了解，另外要知道狄更斯的小說的特色P362-P363。56. William Makepeace Thackeray主要作品即Vanity Fair要知道這個題目出自John Bunyan的The Pilgr

23、ims Progress，另外小說的副標題 “A novel without a hero的意思，小說的情節(jié)，主題，人物形象都要了解。57. Jane Austen主要作品：Pride and Prejudice其它5部小說在書上372頁，知道名字即可，對于?傲慢與偏見?課本上介紹的不詳細，可以找其它文學史書籍來簡單看一下它的情節(jié)和主要人物。Austen的寫作特點：thin plot, mostly everyday life of simle country society; good at writing young girls; modest satire; witty dialogue

24、s。58. Charlotte Bronte主要作品Jane Eyre，要知道其情節(jié)和意義，另外簡愛的人物形象也比擬重要。59. Emily Bronte主要作品Wuthering Heights，情節(jié)，人物形象及意義。勃朗特姐妹的小說雖然寫作在批判現(xiàn)實主義時期，但其作品有明顯的浪漫主義特色，比方包含的一些supernatural elements，特別表達在吼叫山莊中。60. Mrs. Gaskell, one of the first English writers to describe the class struggle in a novel, famous novel: “Mary Barton.不需要看太詳細。61. George Eliot主要作