1、高中英語：全面回顧被動語態(五)-高中英語                全面回顧被動語態(五)     七、被動語態與系表結構的區別 當“be+過去分詞”作被動語態時表示主語承受的動作；作系表結構時表示主語的特點或所處的狀態時，be后面的過去分詞是表語，相當于形容詞。其區分辦法如下：1如果強調動作或句中有介詞by引導出動作的執行者，該句一般為被動語態，否則為系表結構。例The glass is

2、broken （系表結構）The glass was broken by the boy （被動語態）2如果句中有地點、頻率或時間狀語時，一般為被動語態。例The door is locked （系表結構）The door has  already/just been locked（被動語態）3被動語態除用于一般時態和完成時態外，還可以用于其他各種時態，而系表結構中的系動詞be只有一般時態和完成時態。例 The machine is being repaired八、被動語態與高考試題賞析1 高考對謂語動詞語態的考查例析1). In some parts of the wor

3、ld, tea _ with milk and sugar. (NMET1993)A. is serving B. is served C. serves D. served解析 B 因為serve是及物動詞，其動作承受者tea作主語，表示經常發生的情況，故用一般現在時的被動語態。2). This is Teds phone. We miss him a lot. He _ trying to save a child in the earthquake.(NMET2002)A. killed B. is killedC. was killed D. was killing解析 C Ted是k

4、ill的承受者，用被動語態，且Ted救人發生在過去，所以用一般過去時的被動語態。3). - Have you moved into the new house?- Not yet, the rooms _. (NMET1991) A. are being painted B. are paintingC. are painted D. are being painting解析 A “house”和“paint”應該是被動的關系，排除B，D。后者未搬進新居的原因是房子正在油漆，所以要用現在進行時的被動語態。不能用一般現在時表示習慣性動作，排除C。4). When and where to go

5、for the on-salary holiday _ yet. （上海春2003）A. are not decided B. have not been decidedC. is not being decided D. has not been decided解析 D decide是及物動詞，動作的發出者通常是人，句中的主語是動作的承受者，所以decide要用被動語態。從題干的語境和關鍵詞yet，可判斷用現在完成時，不定式做主語用單數，故用現在完成時的被動語態。5). The manager entered the office and was happy to learn that fo

6、ur-fifths of the tickets _.（上海春2001）A. was booked B. had been bookedC. were booked D. have been booked解析 B 句中tickets是book(訂票)的承受者，主謂為被動關系，又因票已被訂出應發生在entered the office這個過去動作之前，所以要用過去完成時的被動語態。2高考對非謂語動詞語態的考查當非謂語動詞的邏輯主語為動作的承受者時, 須用被動式。弄清非謂語動詞與其邏輯主語之間的執行與承受關系是掌握非謂語動詞語態的關鍵。1). Having a trip abroad is cer

7、tainly good for the old couple, but it remains _ whether they will enjoy it. (NMET2002)A. to see B. to be seenC. seeing D. seen解析 B 根據題意，那對老夫婦是否到國外旅行是將來的動作，應使用不定式，故排除掉C、D兩項；又因remains的邏輯主語it是動詞see說表示動作的承受者，即“到國外旅行”這件事，這件事有待于“被決定”，應使用動詞不定式的被動形式。2). While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buy

8、ing something they dont really need. （上海1996）A. to persuaded B. persuadingC. being persuaded D. be persuaded解析 C cant help doing “禁不住做某事”，排除A和D；顧客應是“被勸說”購物的，要用動名詞的被動語態。3）. I feel it is your husband who _ for the spoiled child. （上海2002）A. is to blame B. is going to blameC. is to be blamed D. should blame解析 A feel的賓語從句為強調句型，在be to do結構中，在某些場合可用不定式的主動語態表示被動語態，如to blame， to let等。